The four major scientific fields include natural sciences, intersection of natural sciences and social sciences, social sciences, and applied sciences.

1. Natural science

is a general term for various sciences that use quantitative methods to study inorganic nature and organic nature, including human biological attributes. Natural science is the science that studies organic or inorganic things and phenomena in nature, including astronomy, physics, chemistry, earth science, biology, etc. The object of its cognition is the entire nature, that is, the various types, states, attributes and forms of movement of natural substances. The two most important pillars of natural science are observation and logical reasoning.

2. Intersection between natural sciences and social sciences

Interdisciplinary disciplines refer to emerging disciplines that emerge from the intersection, integration, and penetration of different disciplines. For example, the intersection of chemistry and physics forms physical chemistry and chemical physics, the intersection of chemistry and biology forms biochemistry and chemical biology, the intersection of physics and biology forms biophysics, etc. The interdisciplinary subjects of natural science and social science mainly study parapsychology, \tHumanology, and death psychology.

3. Social sciences

are all disciplines or any one of them that use scientific methods to study various phenomena of human society. It is a science that studies various social phenomena. For example, sociology studies human society (mainly contemporary), political science studies politics, policies and related activities, and economics studies resource allocation. The disciplines covered by social sciences include: economics, politics, law, ethics, history, sociology, psychology, education, management, anthropology, folklore, journalism, communication, etc.

4. Applied science

Applied science in the narrow sense is based on natural science and technical science. It is a science of technology and process nature directly applied to material production, and is the same as technical science. There are no absolute boundaries between them. Broadly applied science includes research on the practical application of social sciences and horizontal sciences, such as applied sociology, scientific management, scientific policy, decision-making methodology, value analysis methods, etc.

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Characteristics of science

1. Dialectical unity of practicality, universal necessity, disjunction and language description. Scientific theory comes from practice and must return to practice. It must be able to explain all known facts within its scope of application and pass experimental testing.

2. Temporary and uncertain. The core of science is uncertainty. Scientific theories that explain a phenomenon are provisional and require more and more evidence, so they are always statistical in nature, with only a starting point and no end point.

3. Open, true and verifiable, rational and objective, neutral, and borderless. Engaging in scientific research does not take "gods", "ghosts", "immortals" and "gods" as the premise, but emphasizes facts and reasoning. Everything is based on the observation of objective facts, explores the reasons behind phenomena, and reveals the reasons for the occurrence or change of phenomena. internal laws.