In the 14th Five-Year Plan and the 2035 long-term goal outlook, the country clearly proposed to achieve national coordination of basic pension insurance and implement a policy of progressively delaying the statutory retirement age.

At present, no specific implementation plan or draft for comments has been issued.

Progressive deferral of the statutory retirement age generally increases year by year.

Judging from the experience of other countries in the world, retirement is delayed through a gradual transition. For example, the United States will extend the retirement age to 67 years old, and Japan and Singapore will extend it to 70 years old.

Generally speaking, our country may take 10 to 20 years to extend the statutory retirement age by 5 to 10 years.

There used to be a delayed retirement plan spread online, starting in 2022 and ending in 2042, extending by three months each year.

It will take 20 years to extend the legal retirement age from 55 for women and 60 for men to 60 for women and 65 for men.

However, there are two major problems with the related delayed retirement plan: First, it is the current retirement age policy.

The current retirement age policy is Document No. 104 of 1978, "Interim Measures for the Retirement and Resignation of Workers" and "Interim Measures for the Placement of Elderly, Weak, Sick and Disabled Cadres".

The state stipulates that the retirement age is 50 years old for female workers, 55 years old for female cadres, and 60 years old for men.

Later, the country changed identity management into position management, and the retirement age for female managers and professional and technical personnel was 55 years old, and that for ordinary employees was 50 years old.

Position settings are determined by the employer.

For female flexible employment personnel, according to the 2001 "Notice on Issues Concerning the Improvement of Basic Pension Insurance Policies for Urban Employees", the former Ministry of Labor and Social Security clearly stated that retirement age was 55, but in some places, due to the early introduction of the retirement age policy, the age of 50 was still adhered to.

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Therefore, when the country promotes delayed retirement policies, it should at least unify retirement policies across the country, especially the retirement age for female flexible employees.

If the unified promotion of delayed retirement for women reaches 55 years of age, this would be equivalent to directly extending the retirement age of female employees and flexible employment personnel in some areas from 50 to 55 years old.

The delay is no longer incremental.

Therefore, when the country promotes the delayed retirement policy, the rationalization of relevant policies must be very complicated.

Second, flexibly choose retirement age policies.

Dong Keyong, secretary-general of the China Pension Finance 50 Forum and a professor at Renmin University of China, said that although delayed retirement is a problem that has to be faced, it is better to leave the choice of retirement age to individuals.

In the past, the retirement age policy was that upon reaching the legal retirement age, the labor contract would automatically terminate. Many workers were unable to choose to delay retirement even if they wanted to.

Now Guangdong Province has implemented a policy on delayed retirement. The retirement age for female employees with senior professional titles in enterprises has been extended to 60 years old. However, they can also retire voluntarily at the age of 55 with personal application and approval by the organizational department.

In this case, it is equivalent to forcing companies to accept female employees to retire at the age of 60, but I have a better choice.

Shandong Province clarifies that senior experts at or above deputy senior level in enterprises and institutions, who are determined to be physically demanding at work, able to persist in normal work and meet relevant conditions, may apply for delayed retirement in writing. After the employer studies and agrees, and reports to the human resources and social security department for approval, the maximum retirement age

Can be extended to 65 years old.

During the period of delayed retirement, those who are incompetent for their job due to physical health or other reasons may apply for retirement and go through the retirement procedures.

There is no gender distinction in delayed retirement in Shandong Province, but it needs to be approved by the employer and the employee.

In fact, a flexible retirement age policy like this can be implemented at any time and will not put any pressure on society.

However, corresponding supporting measures should improve relevant laws and regulations such as the Implementation Regulations of the Labor Contract Law to ensure the various legal rights and interests of the elderly after employment.

A big problem with the delayed retirement policy is the salary of elderly employees. Currently, the average income of corporate employees who delay retirement after the age of 60 in Japan is only about 60% of that before the age of 60.

According to Japan's 2019 policy to promote delayed retirement of civil servants, civil servants can only enjoy 70% of their pre-retirement salary through shortened working hours and other conditions.

In fact, this idea is also a challenge to the current salary management system. In government agencies and institutions, wages generally only increase but not fall. How to improve the relevant wage and treatment policies is also a problem.

In addition to these two issues, there is actually the issue of national co-ordination of basic pension insurance.

At present, the national pension insurance system only realizes provincial co-ordination. If the pension insurance payment base and the amount of money are the same in every place, but you retire in different places, the pension benefits will be different.

Generally speaking, since the salary level for pension calculation is related to the social average wage, the more economically developed the area, the higher the pension will be, and the pension adjustment will increase in the future, and the pension will be larger.

This situation will lead to more and more people willing to retire in first-tier cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen.

Therefore, the improvement of retirement age policies in the future cannot be summarized by simply delaying retirement. It involves the processing of a considerable number of policies and regulations.