1. What is a fund?
I want to ask you first: Do you know what stock trading is?
If you know, it is easy to say that the fund (stock type) means that we give money to the fund company to buy stocks. Then why don't we buy it for the fund company? Because the professionals of fund companies have a higher level of stock trading than ordinary investors (this is the most commonly used temptation word when fund companies persuade everyone to buy funds).
Therefore, investing in stock funds is an indirect investment in stocks, so funds will bear the risks of stocks more or less. Many investors, in fact, don't know that the fund is indirectly investing in stocks, so they think that the fund is making steady profits, which is all wet.
Because we give money to fund companies to buy stocks, we always give people some labor costs, so there are subscription fees and redemption fees.
Of course, as a fund company, because of its professional personnel (rich professional knowledge of stock trading) and huge funds (you can buy a lot of stocks), it is objectively easier to make profits than retail investors. That is, many people think that funds are the first choice for investment, rather than touching stocks.
In addition, there are bond funds. Buying bond funds is equivalent to giving money to fund companies to buy bonds. Maybe you will ask: Why not buy it yourself? Because fund companies have a lot of money and are institutions, they can buy many corporate bonds that are not open to ordinary investors, and the income is much higher than the national debt we can buy.
I wonder if you can understand.
Let's just put it this way: a fund means that many people give a fund company a lot of money to buy stocks or bonds.
2. Fund investment expenses
Monetary fund-free.
Bond fund-subscription fee is about 0.8%; The redemption fee is 0. 1%-0.3% (within one year). The redemption fee decreases with the extension of the holding fund, and is generally free for more than three years.
Stock funds-subscription fee 1.5%, redemption fee 0.5% (within one year). The redemption fee decreases with the extension of holding the fund, and is generally exempted for more than three years.
This is only a rough standard. The rates of buying funds at bank counters, online banking and fund company websites are different, among which the fund company website is the most favorable. Therefore, you must be clear when you buy it.
Whether it is subscription or redemption, the handling fee is calculated according to the amount.
Take stock funds as an example to calculate:
Subscription (subscription according to the amount, that is to say, buying a fund of 654.38+10,000 yuan):
Suppose the net value of a fund on the day of your subscription is 0.850 yuan.
Handling fee:100000×1.5% =1500 yuan.
Actual subscribed capital:100000-1500 = 98500 yuan.
Subscription share: 98500 ÷ 0.850 =115882.35.
Redemption (redemption by share, that is, xxxx shares of the redemption fund):
Suppose the net value of a fund on the day of your redemption is 1.250 yuan.
Fund amount:115882.35×1.250 =144852.94 yuan.
Handling fee: 144852.94×0.5%=724.26 yuan.
Actual redemption amount:144852.94-724.26 =144128.68 yuan.
The actual profit of your investment is 44 128.68 yuan, which is successful!
3. Which funds are most affected by stock market fluctuations?
The fund most affected by the fluctuation of the stock market is the stock fund.
The so-called stock fund, simply understood, is that the fund company took people's money to buy stocks. Since it is to buy stocks, the stocks selected by the fund company have gone up, the fund company has made money, and the net value of the fund is naturally high; On the contrary, the stocks selected by the fund company fall, the fund company loses money and the fund net value is low.
In short, equity funds rise and fall with the rise and fall of their selected stocks at the same time, but the range is different.
4. Which fund company is better (more favorable handling fee and good reputation)?
The handling fee of the fund is not different because of different fund companies, but because of different funds. In other words, different fund fees of the same fund company are also different.
Therefore, the preferential degree of handling fees is not the basis for choosing funds or fund companies. Now there are various fund companies on the Internet, you can have a look, but companies like Huaxia, Guangfa, Nanfang, Rongtong, Yifangda and Bosera are excellent companies in any ranking.
5. Which funds are worth investing in now?
This problem is too big, and there are too many funds worth investing in now, so I can't give you a detailed explanation here. You can first determine your risk tolerance and choose the fund type (stock type, bond type, index type, etc. ) according to the risk tolerance, choose the fund type before choosing a specific fund.
6. How to choose a fund?
Choosing a fund should not only be bullish or bearish, but also be based on the stock market situation in the same period.
When the stock market rises, the fund will rise; When the stock market falls, funds will also fall, as most funds do. More importantly, the stock market rose by 1%, while the fund rose by more or less 1%. This shows the investment ability of the fund.
Don't just look at the net value when choosing a fund, but look at the performance and risk. Looking at performance and risk depends not only on rating, but also on specific data, such as half-year return, one-year return, two-year return, benchmark index, standard deviation, alpha coefficient and so on.
7. Fund purchase method
The first type: bank counter
Deposit the money in the bank account, and then at the bank counter, the bank staff will help you complete the formalities of purchasing the fund.
Advantages: It is completely operated by a special person for you, which saves a lot of trouble in operating by yourself and is suitable for novices and the elderly.
Disadvantages: high rates, often do not enjoy discounts. There are few varieties, and a bank may only sell the products of a few companies at the counter. Need to queue up, wasting time and manpower
The second type: online banking or securities companies.
Both methods are suitable for online operation.
Online banking consignment is to enter online banking and buy funds provided by banks.
Securities companies sell open-end funds through the open-end fund module of securities companies' stock trading software, and trade with securities companies' margin accounts instead of directly using bank accounts.
Advantages: the rate is low and you can often get some discounts. There are many kinds, especially some large securities companies, such as Galaxy Securities, which can sell almost all kinds of funds on a commission basis. Online operation, worry-free and labor-saving, without queuing, suitable for office workers.
Disadvantages: Online operation requires customers' operating ability, and requires computers to have the ability to safely guard against Trojans and viruses. You need to open the online banking function or securities account first, which is complicated.
The third type: the fund company website.
Enter the website of the fund company, open an account and trade the fund by yourself through the online direct selling system. The premise is to open the corresponding bank card.
Advantages: the rate is the most favorable. Online operation is more convenient. The website of the fund company has detailed information and a detailed introduction to the fund. Fund-related functions are the strongest, and there are the most comprehensive functions to choose from, such as fund conversion function. The corresponding bank card does not need to open online banking.
Disadvantages: the product is single and limited to the products of fund companies. Online operation requires customers' operation ability and computers' ability to guard against Trojans and viruses. A fund company often only supports the bank cards of several banks, and it may be necessary to apply for savings cards of several banks to purchase funds of different companies.