Social insurance = endowment insurance+medical insurance+industrial injury insurance+maternity insurance+unemployment insurance+housing accumulation fund

Let's talk about endowment insurance first.

Generally speaking, this insurance cannot be enjoyed for life until you retire, so students who want to get a pension must pay it 15 years before they retire. This is almost the same outside Nanjing. If you have paid the pension insurance for less than 15 years at retirement age, the state will refund all the 8% pension saved in your personal account to you when you retire.

then you will ask, where did the 21% paid by the company go?

You can't expect the state to give it to you. After you retire and take away your personal money, the state will transfer all 21% of the money paid by the unit to the national pension fund. From then on, this money has nothing to do with you anymore. You may say: Damn it! That's my money. Why don't you give it to me? Because that's what the state stipulates:

When returning money, only the money withheld by the individual is returned to the individual, and all the money paid by the unit for him has contributed to the country-

Let's take a look at how the pension is calculated when you retire.

The algorithm of pension is very complicated, because the state will change the payment base once a year. For example, if you are 3 years old now, Your current payment base is 3, yuan, and if the retirement age is 55 years old, you must start to pay the old-age insurance before you are 4 years old, and if you start to pay at the age of 3 now, it is 25 years to pay 55 years old, then first of all, you must enjoy the pension. Secondly, if the payment base of 3, yuan you paid after 25 years has become 6, yuan (I said if), Then when you are 55 years old, you can get a basic pension of 6×2%=12 yuan every month, which is given to you by the state. In addition, the money in your personal account has accumulated a lot in 25 years. Just average the payment base, (3+6)÷2=45. Then you should have 4,5× 8% (the proportion of individuals who have paid endowment insurance )× 25× 12 months < P > = 18, yuan in your personal account in the past 25 years, so you can get 18, ÷ 12 = 9 yuan every month in addition to the previous 1,2 yuan, so that you can get at least 1,2 yuan every month from the age of 55. In this way, in addition to your own 9 yuan each year, you will get more money than 1,2 yuan every month after retirement, and your pension will certainly increase. Therefore, the more you pay for old-age insurance, the better. The more you pay, the more you will enjoy after retirement. Moreover, after the national base is adjusted every year, you will get more and more money. Now it is possible to get 1,5 yuan after paying 1, years.

here's an abnormal policy, that is, no matter where you pay the social security fee, you can only pay it back when you retire.

The place where the registered permanent residence is located enjoys the local retirement benefits. In this way, people who pay social security in places with high base but retire to places with low base enjoy the pension will lose a lot. Why do you say this? Let me give you an example. If you worked in Nanjing when you were young, you paid social security for 2 years and then retired, but if your hukou is in Heilongjiang, you must go back to Heilongjiang to enjoy your pension. If you paid in Nanjing for 2 years, the average base is 3, (I said if), while when you retired, the contribution base in Heilongjiang is only 1, (I said if, then you can only enjoy 1, when you retire! This is a loss! In a word, if you pay social security in a rich place but go back to a poor place to enjoy social security when you retire, you will pay a lot but enjoy very little in your life! Paying 3 yuan may only enjoy 1 yuan! This is a terrible thing, but there is nothing we can do. This is the policy of the state. Therefore, please pay attention to all students who work in places with low base such as the west but high base such as Beijing or Shanghai to pay social security. You can either pay social security in the west or move your account to Beijing or Shanghai before retirement, otherwise you will be doing a huge loss-making business in life.

Then maybe you will say, if my registered permanent residence is in Nanjing, I will just pay in Heilongjiang for 2 years, pay in a place with a low base, and go back to a place with a high base to enjoy high benefits when I retire. Wrong! Do you think Nanjing Labor Bureau will just let you enjoy it? ! In general, Nanjing will find a reason to directly refuse your transfer! At that time, you will be smarter than you are: you can't enjoy it in Heilongjiang and you can't enjoy it in Nanjing! However, some places have some relaxed regulations on this situation. For example, Nanjing allows you to transfer back to Nanjing from a place with a low base five years before retirement, and then continue to pay a high base in Nanjing for five years before it allows you to return to Nanjing to enjoy a pension. This policy is estimated to be different in different places. Students who plan to transfer in the future had better go to your local labor bureau to find out this problem now, so as to avoid unexpected accidents when they retire!

Let's talk about medical insurance.

The policy of this insurance country is not bad, but the important thing is that there are a lot of reimbursement for hospitalization. As mentioned earlier, the monthly medical insurance paid by the company is 9%, and the monthly medical insurance paid by you is about 2% plus 1 yuan as a major illness co-ordination. This major illness co-ordination takes care of your hospitalization, and the country will pay your own 2% into your medical insurance account every month in that 11%. If you pay social security according to the minimum base of 1189 yuan every month, then 1189×2%=23.78.

According to the regulations of Nanjing, if you pay medical insurance from January, 27, you can use your credit card to buy medicine or go to the clinic from February, 27, and you can reimburse your hospitalization expenses from July, 27. The report is quite complicated. Let's say

for example:

If you were hospitalized on August 1, 27, you lived in the best third place in Nanjing. Surgery+hospitalization and other expenses cost 5, yuan, so the medical insurance center will deduct 1, yuan first when reimbursing, which is the starting price. The remaining 4, yuan can be reimbursed by the medical insurance center at 4,× 86% = 3,44 yuan, and you only need to pay 4,× 14% = 56 yuan. Plus the previous starting price in 1 yuan, you spent 5, yuan on yourself. Medical insurance is much more important to us young people than old-age insurance. After all, seeing a doctor and being hospitalized is too fucking expensive, which is also the most important significance of participating in social insurance. However, Nanjing stipulates that medical insurance must be paid for 25 years before you can enjoy it for life after retirement, so if you retire at the age of 55, you must start paying medical insurance at the latest at the age of 3.

Let's talk about work-related injury insurance

This insurance is rarely used in practice, and I don't have much contact with it. What needs to be reminded is that if something happens at work or when you go to work, this insurance will be used. However, in practice, many people do not pay attention to the preservation of evidence, which leads to their inability to enjoy work-related injury insurance. This is a pity. If you are hit by a car when you get off work, you should call the police as soon as possible and let the police investigate the records and take photos to collect evidence. After the police handle it, they will give you an accident appraisal certificate and so on, and you can take it to the unit to request to report a work-related injury. If something happens to you, you just let people run away, and you haven't called a witness or called the police, it will generally not be adopted as a work-related injury without evidence.

There is still a time limit for work-related injuries. If you suffered a work-related injury on July 1, 27, you must immediately report to the unit, and hand over the evidence and accident appraisal certificate issued by the police and the medical records of seeing a doctor or being hospitalized after your work-related injury to the unit, and ask the unit to take these materials for work-related injury appraisal. Your unit must send your valid materials to the work-related injury appraisal center before August 1, 27. If it is more than one month since the date of your work-related injury, Then the work-related injury may not be identified. If your company doesn't identify it for you, you can take the materials to the identification center for identification, preferably not more than one month, otherwise it will be very troublesome. .

Let's talk about maternity insurance

Let's take this as an example. If you are a girl with a monthly salary of 1 yuan, you started to pay maternity insurance on January 1, 27, and the payment base is 1189, but you were pregnant in March 27, gave birth to a child at the end of December 27, and were discharged from hospital in January 28. Then, after you leave the hospital, you should quickly submit all the materials such as marriage certificate (unmarried children can't be reimbursed)+one-child certificate (generally speaking, two children can't be reimbursed)+medical record+all invoices for building a large and small card inspection and hospitalization and surgery expenses+hospitalization list+discharge summary to the company. If you spend 5 yuan on pregnancy inspection and 2 yuan on hospitalization and surgery when giving birth to a child, generally speaking, The company can basically reimburse you all within the scope of medical insurance. After reimbursement, the money will include: 5 examination fees+2, hospitalization surgery fees+1,189 yuan/month ×4 months = 7,256 yuan, 1,189 yuan/month ×4 months. This is specially subsidized by the medical insurance center for girls who are reimbursed, and only girls can get it. The state stipulates that girls must be paid an average salary of four months when they are reimbursed for maternity insurance, so if you are reimbursed for giving birth to a child, you can earn four months' salary without spending money! If your base pay is higher than your salary, for example, if you take 1 yuan and pay 1189, then you still earn.

You have to pay maternity insurance for at least one year before you can enjoy it. Remember.

In addition, there is a problem. Boys also pay maternity insurance. So can boys enjoy maternity insurance?

If you are a boy, your wife doesn't have a job or her work unit doesn't pay insurance, and you have paid maternity insurance for more than one year when she gave birth, then you can also reimburse maternity insurance. But in the previous example, you can only reimburse 5 check-up fees+half of 2, hospitalization expenses = 1,25 yuan, and you won't enjoy the subsidized salary of 1,189 yuan/month ×4 months! This can only be enjoyed when girls are reimbursed. For the same expense, girls can get 7,256 yuan for reimbursement, while boys can only get 1,25 yuan for reimbursement. This is probably a rare policy of "discriminating against men" in China-+Therefore, girls had better plan before giving birth, and start to find a unit to pay maternity insurance one year in advance, so they can earn money! If a boy wants to marry a wife, he'd better marry a girl who has paid maternity insurance for one year when she gave birth and whose salary is higher than her own! But it doesn't matter if she really doesn't have insurance, you can also reimburse her for maternity insurance, but you don't get the subsidized four-month salary, and you can only get back half of the expenses of the newspaper.

Unemployment insurance

Unemployment insurance, which you can only enjoy if you pay for one year, usually takes two months for one year and four months for two years, but it takes 24 months at most in your life. Let's take an example:

If you start paying insurance on January 1, 27 and you are dismissed from the company in January 28, you can ask the company to give you unemployment insurance for two months. Then you can get at least more than 8 yuan in two months, or you start to pay insurance on January 1, 27, and your contract with the company expires in January 28, and you don't want to renew the contract. Then you can also ask the company to get you unemployment insurance for two months before you leave the company, which is more than 8 yuan. That is to say, you can ask the company to get unemployment insurance for two months a year when the contract expires or the company dismisses. If the company doesn't do it for you, you can do it.

But if you quit your job before the contract expires, you won't get unemployment insurance even if you have paid for it for one year. As long as you quit your job, you won't get a penny even if you have paid for it for 1 years.

The housing provident fund is a good thing.

Let's just say that if you pay 2 yuan for the provident fund every month, the company will also pay 2 yuan into your account every month. When you buy a house, it will be 4 yuan. If you pay 5, yuan in your life, it will be 1, yuan in your account. Don't refuse this kind of good thing.

The provident fund can be used to buy a house, repay loans, decorate and so on. If your family can find land to build a house, the money for building a house can also be paid from the provident fund. If you don't use this money all the time, it seems that you can withdraw all the money when you finally retire.

[ Advanced] Supplementary Notes [5KB]

Let's talk about the difference from Nanjing. Magic is not allowed to pay medical insurance. That is to say, the social security center, which includes old-age medical care, unemployment, work-related injuries and maternity, asks the enterprise to collect it, but the provident fund can be paid or not, because it is under the jurisdiction of the provident fund center.

The specific social security composition ratio is:

Old-age insurance: the unit is every month.

medical insurance: the company pays 12% for you every month, and you pay 2% yourself;

unemployment insurance: the company pays 2% for you every month, and you pay 1% yourself;

industrial injury insurance: the company pays .5% for you every month, and you don't have to pay any money yourself;

maternity insurance: the company pays .5% for you every month, and you don't have to pay any money yourself;

Housing accumulation fund: the company pays 7% for you every month, and you pay 7% yourself

Supplementary housing accumulation fund: the company pays 8% for you every month, and you pay 8% yourself (this is only available to state-owned enterprises with good general benefits, and the proportion is determined by the company itself, so it is moral for the general company to pay a accumulation fund)

In addition, it should be said that when paying a tax adjustment, The taxable base is calculated after deducting the personal deduction, but it should be noted that the part of the provident fund and supplementary provident fund that exceeds 12% (the part paid by individuals and enterprises) also needs to be counted in the taxable base, such as the above-mentioned provident fund of 7% and supplementary provident fund of 8%, which adds up to 15%, so the part of personal deduction of 3% will be counted in the taxable amount. At the same time, the enterprise's 3%, although not from individuals,

Medical insurance is used in different places, and the way to transfer it into personal accounts is different.

What I like to say is that Nanjing transfers it monthly, and there are many places that transfer it annually.

Specifically, the medical insurance year is from April 1 of each year to March 31 of the following year, and the change of social security payment base is also determined in the middle of April.

On April 1st, the Medical Insurance Bureau will advance one year's personal medical insurance (that is, 2%) according to each person's social security base into the personal medical insurance card.