AIDS is a highly dangerous infectious disease caused by HIV infection. (HIV) reasons. HIV is a virus that can attack the human immune system. It takes CD4 T lymphocytes, the most important cell in human immune system, as its main target, destroying a large number of cells and making human body lose its immune function. Therefore, the human body is prone to various diseases and malignant tumors, and the mortality rate is high. The average incubation period of HIV in human body is 8-9 years, especially in the incubation period of HIV, people can live and work without any symptoms for many years.
1. Clinical manifestations: Most of them are young adults, and 80% are 18 ~ 45 years old, that is, the age of active sexual life. Rare diseases such as pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, atypical mycobacteria and fungal infection often occur after HIV infection.
There may be no clinical manifestations in the first few years after 2.2 to 10. HIV infection. Once AIDS develops, patients will have various clinical manifestations. Common cold, flu and other general initial symptoms, including general weakness, loss of appetite, fever and so on. With the aggravation of the disease, the symptoms become more and more serious, such as skin and mucus infection with Candida albicans. Membrane, herpes simplex, herpes zoster, purple spot, blood blister, blood ecchymosis, etc. ; After that, it gradually invaded the internal organs, and there was persistent fever of unknown reasons, which could last for 3 ~ 4 months. Cough, shortness of breath, dyspnea, persistent diarrhea, bloody stool, hepatosplenomegaly and malignant tumor may also occur. Clinical symptoms are complex and changeable, but not every patient will have the above symptoms. Lung invasion often leads to dyspnea, chest pain and cough. Invasion of gastrointestinal tract can cause persistent diarrhea, abdominal pain, emaciation and weakness; It can also invade the nervous system and cardiovascular system.
3. General symptoms: persistent fever, weakness, night sweats and persistent lymphadenopathy. Especially in the neck, armpit and groin, the lymphadenopathy is more obvious. The diameter of lymph nodes is more than 1cm, with solid texture, mobility and no pain. Within 3 months, the weight loss can reach more than 10%, and the highest can reach 40%, which is especially suitable for patients.
4. Respiratory symptoms: long-term cough, chest pain, dyspnea, and blood in sputum in severe cases.
5. Gastrointestinal symptoms: in severe cases, loss of appetite, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and bloody stool occur. Drugs commonly used to treat gastrointestinal infections are ineffective for this kind of diarrhea.
6. Symptoms of nervous system: dizziness, headache, slow response, mental retardation, mental abnormality, convulsion, hemiplegia, dementia, etc.
7. Skin and mucosal damage: herpes simplex, herpes zoster, inflammation and ulcer of oral and pharyngeal mucosa.
8. Tumors: A variety of malignant tumors can occur. Kaposi's sarcoma on the body surface can be seen with red or purplish red spots, papules and infiltrating masses.