Many overseas experts interviewed believe that to realize new urbanization, we should respect the national conditions, embody the characteristics of China, "make foreign things serve China" and humbly absorb foreign experience. The Central Urbanization Work Conference proposed to establish a diversified and sustainable fund guarantee mechanism, "relax market access, formulate measures for non-public enterprises to enter the franchise field, and encourage social capital to participate in the investment and operation of urban public facilities".
Yan Jiehe, founder of Pacific Construction Group, told reporters: "The latest meeting decision means that private capital will have the opportunity to fully participate in the urbanization process in China in the future, better share risks with the public sector, integrate resources, integrate ideas, share benefits, and improve the quality and efficiency of urbanization. For private enterprises like Pacific Construction, it is a major positive. "
In fact, introducing social capital to participate in urban construction is not a new concept abroad. At present, there are "BOT" and its derivative modes, namely BOT mode, which are commonly used in the world. In this mode, the government grants private enterprises a franchise right for a certain period of time according to the contract, allowing them to finance the construction and operation of specific public infrastructure, and allowing them to repay loans, recover investment and earn profits by charging users or selling products; When the concession period expires, the infrastructure will be handed over to the government free of charge.
In the United States, in recent years, with the tight government finances, social capital has increasingly participated in urban construction. Research by Pew Charitable Trust shows that American state governments are increasingly relying on public-private partnerships to promote infrastructure projects. Two-thirds of the States in the United States have enacted laws and regulations authorizing joint ventures. In Australia, the public-private partnership model is widely used in public utilities such as transportation, education and health, which reduces the input cost of the government, improves the output efficiency and ensures the project quality.
David Zeronock, an official of Centrnier in the United States, pointed out that the core of the public-private partnership model lies in the sharing of risks and benefits, and the key to success lies in the detailed analysis of the whole project cycle by the public and private sectors.
Yan Jiehe pointed out that in China, the application of similar model is still in its infancy, and there is still a long way to develop and improve in the future. While learning from foreign experiences and lessons, China's industries should pay attention to exploring and summarizing the infrastructure investment and financing modes that are in line with their own national conditions and development stages, gradually improve the level of standardization and specialization, and strive to keep pace with the times and connect with the world.
In addition, the meeting also stressed that it is necessary to "improve the local tax system, gradually establish local main taxes, and establish a mechanism linking financial transfer payments with the urbanization of rural transfer population." Foreign experience also shows that the reform of fiscal and taxation system that rationalizes financial power and administrative power is an important guarantee for steadily promoting urbanization.
Shen Shikang, mayor of Alhambra, Los Angeles County, told reporters that the main sources of fiscal revenue in American cities are the federal government's tax rebate and local taxes. After the federal government or the state government levies taxes, it will be returned to the municipal government in proportion after being calculated according to a specific method according to the number of urban population or the length of roads. This part of the funds is earmarked for infrastructure projects. In addition, property tax and sales tax constitute the most stable source of income for local governments.
Another hot spot attracting overseas attention at this conference is urban management. The meeting stressed that it is necessary to strengthen the macro-management of urbanization, especially "urban planning should maintain continuity", and it is required to "listen to the opinions of the masses and respect the opinions of experts" when planning.
Huang Tieyu, a former planner of the Los Angeles Urban Construction Administration, said that the construction or renovation of urban infrastructure in the United States is usually requested by the government or residents, and a hearing is held to solicit opinions from residents. After many revisions, it was submitted to the residents for voting. This standardized procedure ensures the smooth development of the project.
The Central Conference on Urbanization also called for "people-oriented, promoting people-centered urbanization". The urbanization rate is high in this respect, but Latin America, where "urban diseases" are serious, has a lesson from the past. 82% of the population in Latin America lives in cities. However, due to the lack of continuity and planning management of urban development policies for a long time, a series of problems such as urban environmental pollution, traffic congestion, increased violence, polarization between the rich and the poor, lack of educational and medical resources, and weak infrastructure have become increasingly serious. Moreno, president of the Inter-American Development Bank, warned that China's urbanization process is advancing rapidly at present, and efforts should be made to avoid similar problems.
Analysts pointed out that urbanization is the only way for China's economic and social development.