Zhu Min

On February 5, 221

On November 8, 22, I went back to Fudan University to attend the academic seminar held by the School of Economics to celebrate the 75th anniversary of Zhang Xunhua's teaching and the centenary birthday of Teacher Zhang. I arrived at the meeting place early, and the space outside the meeting place temporarily arranged a photo exhibition of Teacher Zhang's life. While I was studying, I looked up and saw Jiao Yang, secretary of the Party Committee of our school, coming with Teacher Zhang's wife, Teacher Ning, and hurriedly greeted him. I was so happy that I stepped forward and hugged Teacher Ning. I helped Miss Ning look at the picture slowly and listened to her telling the story behind the picture in detail. Seeing Mr. Ning coming, everyone rushed to say hello. When Mr. Hong Yuanpeng came over, Mr. Ning was worried about Mr. Hong's heart disease, holding his hand and asking questions. Xiaoyun came over. He is a student of Mr. Zhang and is now the vice mayor of Nanchang. Mr. Ning still misses his twin son and cares about the development of his hometown. Zhang Jun, Dean of the School of Economics, came over. Mr. Ning mentioned that Mr. Zhang had made an exceptional admission to Zhang Jun in those years, and he was still worried about returning Zhang Jun's examination paper to Zhang Jun. Like Teacher Zhang, Teacher Ning is full of students.

The meeting was simple and solemn, and people from all walks of life crowded the big auditorium. Secretary Jiao Yang, Mr. Wu Bolin and Mr. Hong Yuanpeng made speeches on Mr. Zhang's teaching and academic contributions successively. My speech is Mr. Zhang's personality strength that has the most profound influence on me. I mentioned that Mr. Zhang bravely pursued the truth all his life and dared to object to the calculation in Das Kapital. Teacher Zhang made unremitting academic research and made new academic breakthroughs at the age of 6, 7, 8 and 9, from the study of Capital to the study of productive forces, to the study of production factors, and then to the study of population, land and environment, and made constant innovations. Teacher Zhang is rigorous and academic, but he loves his students. He was our class teacher at grade 77, and we all have deep feelings. Teacher Zhang was living in the hospital at that time and was unable to attend the seminar. During lunch, we raised our glasses several times and wished Mr. Zhang a long and healthy life with water instead of wine.

On February 1st, 221, the news of teacher Zhang's death suddenly came. Although I had a premonition and preparation, I still felt my heart was falling. On February 3rd, I hurried to attend the memorial service for Teacher Zhang. Mr. Ning insisted on it again and again, adhering to Mr. Zhang's consistent style, and the memorial service was particularly simple. The college asked me to speak on behalf of the students. As soon as I said, "Teacher Zhang has left", tears kept running down. With tears, I intermittently talked about Teacher Zhang's care for me and his warm and kind personality since I entered the school for 4 years. Talking and talking, I couldn't go on. Teacher Ning stood up and hugged me gently, and tears flowed together.

When you think of Mr. Zhang, you will think of his humble room in the ninth dormitory of Fudan University. This is a group of teachers' buildings built by Fudan University in the early years. The gray exterior wall has been dark after years of wind and rain. There is no elevator, the handrails of the stairs are rusty and the concrete floor is mottled. Teacher Zhang's home is simple and narrow. A small living room, a row of simple bookcases against the wall, a dining square table, two chairs, and an extremely simple student desk in front of the window filled the room. This is the place I have been to many times since I was admitted to Fudan University in early 1978 to study, teach, go abroad and return home for 4 years. I have sat in the same chair and used the same table, and it has not changed, and it is as simple as ever. What remains unchanged is the cordial smiling faces and warm hands of Teacher Zhang and Teacher Ning.

How many warm memories I have left here.

I remember that in the second grade, in the early summer, when I was reviewing the exam, I was stuck in Marx's deductive method from abstract to concrete. From the abstract to the concrete, then, how did the abstract concrete come from? At that time, there was no mobile phone and no appointment. After dinner, I went straight to Teacher Zhang's house. Teacher Zhang kindly greeted me to sit down and handed me a fan. Teacher Ning gave me mung bean soup, and I directly raised my confusion. Teacher Zhang drew a circle from small to large on his desk, explaining the method of "from abstract to concrete" put forward by Marx in Critique of Political Economy, that is, the expansion and rich logic from abstract to concrete, which made the essence of the original category constantly reappear and enrich in the subsequent category development, and made the book a logically rigorous whole. Teacher Zhang explained that this is "concrete thinking". Teacher Zhang then drew a circle from big to small, just visible to explain the way of thinking in the process of refining and induction from concrete to abstract in practical observation, until he found the starting point of the unity of theory and practice, which was "concrete thinking" I was suddenly enlightened. That night, I was excited for a long time and couldn't sleep. Two circles appeared repeatedly in my mind, becoming bigger, smaller, overlapping and separated, which was wonderful and magical.

learning das Kapital from teacher Zhang is both frightening and enjoyable. I'm afraid, because Das Kapital is difficult to read. Teacher Zhang speaks deeply and vividly, so it's not easy to keep up. But more is enjoyment. Teacher Zhang's lecture on Das Kapital is really wonderful. He follows the original logic and ideas, outlines, highlights the main points, is concise and simple. He never skips the difficult sentences in the book, but always expounds them sentence by sentence. I remember that in the end, "A Trial Solution to Difficult Sentences of Das Kapital" was formed, which became the material for national graduate students in economics. Teacher Zhang pays special attention to Marx's methodology. In the first class, he said that to learn Das Kapital, one should thoroughly read Marx's basic theory, and the other should attach importance to and learn Marx's methodology. Teacher Zhang personally practiced, creatively used the method of Marx's transformation of Hegel's dialectics and the method of "circle of circles" to vividly analyze and tell the contents of the three volumes of Das Kapital. * * * Six circles, namely, the source of productivity (population, resources and environment), productivity circle, commodity ownership circle (market economy), factor ownership circle (public or private), political circle, legal system circle and ideological circle. There is a dialectical relationship between these six circles, which not only includes the whole human society, but also reflects the relationship between humanities and social sciences. He vividly and innovatively expounded the basic principles of Marxism and helped us to understand the dialectical relationship among productivity, production relations and superstructure.

In this way, Mr. Zhang used his circle theory to interpret the internal logic and evolution of Das Kapital beautifully, and showed the logical beauty of Das Kapital with Hegel's dialectical logic. I always remember Mr. Zhang's thin figure. In front of two big blackboards, I interpreted Marx's Das Kapital circle by circle. I was fascinated by it below. At that time, on the bedside wall of the dormitory, I drew three big circles of Teacher Zhang with three big pieces of paper and tried to figure it out from time to time. After reading Das Kapital, Mr. Zhang taught me the dialectical logic way of thinking, especially the induction from concrete to abstract in thinking and the richness from abstract to concrete in expression, which gradually helped me form a rigorous thinking and expression mode. In the next 4 years, the dialectical and logical way of thinking taught by Mr. Zhang helped me climb the mountain of learning again and again, and helped me make policy decisions again and again in the complicated environment.

In the third grade, Mr. Zhang published a paper on "Some Computational Problems in Capital" in China Social Sciences, and made corrections to several computational errors in Capital. This incident not only immediately caused a sensation in the Department of Economics, but also caused great repercussions in Fudan University. Just after the Cultural Revolution, it was also a misunderstanding of Das Kapital. At that time, there were many discussions in Fudan University, and the atmosphere was quite tense. This is the first time that China economists have pointed out that Marx also made mistakes in Das Kapital. We were studying the third volume of Das Kapital at that time, and I immediately compared Mr. Zhang's paper with the original. I felt that Mr. Zhang was right, but I also felt that the risk was great, so I didn't have to take it seriously. I had a hunch that this matter was very important. I wanted to find out, so I went directly to Teacher Zhang's house and raised my doubts. Teacher Zhang's smiling face suddenly became very serious. He said, we should really understand the classical theory and the first pair of documents, deeply understand the spirit of Marx's science, and be faithful to the original works in explanation. Second, we should seek truth from facts, point out any problems, but be sincere and to the point. This is also the best way to maintain the classics. Third, Marx is a rigorous scholar, who spent his whole life writing Das Kapital in sickness and poverty. As a theoretical researcher, we should also carry forward Marxist rigorous style of study. At this point, Teacher Zhang smiled. He said that if Marx were alive, he would agree. I have always admired Mr. Zhang's academic research and his integrity and kindness, but I admire Mr. Zhang's moral courage even more since then. I mentioned this matter with Mr. Hong Wenda later, and Mr. Hong said very seriously that the value of Professor Zhang Xunhua's paper far exceeded its content itself. We should treat Marxism with the scientific spirit that Marx himself has always adhered to. We should all learn from Mr. Zhang, emancipate our minds and seek truth from facts.

Four years of college passed quickly, but I was also puzzled when I graduated. At that time, my former work unit wanted me to go back to be a leader, and it was also very attractive to participate in the actual reform in government departments. At the same time, I also felt that I had not learned enough knowledge, and I wanted to continue my studies. Like many students in my class, I was also preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination. Teacher Zhang has a far-sighted vision. He foresaw that under the general trend of reform and opening up, it is imperative to train economic talents for the country, and the enrollment of economics departments will certainly expand. The existing faculty of Fudan Economics Department is seriously lacking. He also considered how to train a group of young and middle-aged teachers and pass on the excellent experience, research methods and research results of the old professors of Fudan Economics Department. He proposed to the school that before the postgraduate entrance examination and distribution, a group of 77-level students should be arranged to stay in school to teach, which was supported by the school. This time, it was teacher Zhang who called me to his home and asked me to stay in school first. I'm a little hesitant when things happen suddenly. Teacher Zhang said slowly: "The school hopes that you will stay in school not only for Fudan, but also for the needs of the country's reform and opening up, the needs of future talent training, and also for your training. I usually observe that you are a bit bookish by Professor Song Chengxian, and you have the ability to teach and independent research. You will grow up quickly if you learn from each other. " Finally, he said with emphasis, "I hope you put the overall situation first." I happily stayed in school and became a member of Fudan University. Teacher Zhang's view of "putting the overall situation first" has also influenced my whole life.

On the eve of my trip to the United States in 1985, I went to Mr. Zhang's house to say goodbye. I was very nervous. I was afraid that Mr. Zhang would criticize me because I failed to live up to his expectations and didn't stick to it in Fudan Economics Department. Teacher Zhang is as gentle as ever, smiling. He said, "You have worked hard in recent years. Teacher Jiang Xuemo usually doesn't praise people very much, but she was satisfied with your teaching and research work at our meeting. I am very happy to watch you grow up. I understand you very well. The domestic economic reform is deepening and the theoretical problems encountered are increasing. It will also be helpful for you to go out to study and master new tools. " Teacher Ning kept telling people to pay attention to their health and safety when going out. Finally, Mr. Zhang walked me to the door and said, "It's not easy for you to go out to study. You must be very busy. You don't have to write letters at ordinary times. Send a greeting card at the end of each year to reassure us." Holding teacher Zhang's thick care, I set foot on a flight to the United States.

in 1996, I went to see Mr. Zhang after returning from the United States. I was surprised when I asked Mr. Zhang's address in the department and told me that he was still in the ninth dormitory. According to the old memory, I trotted all the way up to the third floor and pushed the door into the house. Teacher Zhang's home was the same as when I said goodbye 1 years ago, and there was no change. Looking at my bewilderment, Mr. Zhang saw my doubts about his residence and said slowly, "I have been poor all my life, used to it, and now I am retired. This place is enough to live in and there is room for academic research, which is good enough." Teacher Ning said quietly, "He likes simplicity. We are used to it and have been poor all our lives. This is good." I turned to deep admiration, my heart trembled and my tears fell. I asked teacher Zhang if there was anything we students could do. Instead of answering my words, he kept asking me about my study and work experience in America. Teacher Ning was on the side, holding my hand. I still remember that my brother and I were admitted to Fudan at the same time and asked about my brother's situation.

In the early spring of 21, I went to the United States to work for the International Monetary Fund. Before I left, I said goodbye to Teacher Zhang again. Teacher Zhang is very happy. He said humorously, "The whole world is talking about you these days. You should contribute to the world and win glory for your country." He said: "Just a few days ago, someone gave him a little tea, but he couldn't push it away. If you drink tea, you can take it with you." Teacher Ning found out the tea early, and I took teacher Zhang's advice and tea and embarked on the journey to the United States again. In the next six years, Mr. Zhang's "Contribute to the world and win glory for our country" always sounded in my ears, which woke me up and inspired me to move forward.

In the spring of 214, I went back to Fudan to plant a tree for Mr. Hong Wenda as a souvenir, and also visited Mr. Zhang. Just after the corner of the stairs on the second floor, before I went upstairs, I saw Mr. Zhang waiting for me at home against the door frame. Teacher Zhang is 94 years old and can't speak clearly. Teacher Ning told me that he doesn't recognize people anymore, but when he heard that I was going, he waited at the door early. This time, I held his hand and listened to him talk about the past and research on the environment intermittently. Suddenly, he said, "I often see you on TV and your president is a lady. Why don't you be the president?" You see, the new year card you sent back from the International Monetary Fund, I put it on the shelf, waiting for you to be the president. " After chatting for a while, when he left, Mr. Zhang insisted on going downstairs to see me off, and he wouldn't let me help him. Slowly, slowly, Mr. Zhang moved down the stairs step by step, and finally agreed to stop on the second floor and waved goodbye.

In the autumn of 216, I finished my tenure at the International Monetary Fund, packed my bags and set foot on the road to return home again. After settling down, I went back to Fudan to visit my teacher. Go to teacher Zhang's house first, or the familiar ninth dormitory. I reported my work in the International Monetary Fund to Mr. Zhang, who was obviously weak and his hearing declined greatly. He tilted his head and listened carefully. When I mentioned that I retired, I was going to slow down. Teacher Zhang suddenly interrupted me very seriously and said slowly, "We are all very happy that you have lived up to your mission. We are all disappointed that you didn't go back to Fudan, but Tsinghua is also a good place. You can retire, but don't give up academic research. My new research started after retirement. You have a good foundation. After seeing the world, you can combine with China and do new academic research. " I am deeply moved by teacher Zhang's expectation and love.

In September, 217, Fudan University held a grand event to commemorate the 4th anniversary of Grade 77 and Grade 78. We all rushed back to our alma mater from all over the world to get together. At the symposium organized by the School of Economics, Mr. Zhang came here at the age of 97, and he was in good spirits. He said hello to everyone and wished them continued progress in academic research. After the meeting, the old professors all sat in the first row, with Mr. Zhang in the middle and us students standing behind. Just after the queue was arranged, Mr. Zhang suddenly asked me to sit next to him in the front row. I am a student, of course I dare not. When I declined, Mr. Zhang insisted that I could only go over and hold his hand and sit down, but I also left a precious photo.

In the midsummer of 219, I went back to Fudan to shoot a CCTV documentary. After filming, I mentioned going to see Teacher Zhang, and the film crew offered to go with me, so we went to the ninth dormitory together. Teacher Zhang 9