Under normal circumstances, fund management is not getting rich overnight. For the vast majority of people, we should pay more attention to long-term value-added, resist life risks, guarantee and improve future living standards, and achieve long-term financial management goals such as providing for the elderly and educating children after many years, so we should maintain a normal mind. Before investing in the fund, it is necessary to set aside enough cash assets as emergency preparedness, which can generally meet the necessary expenses of the family for at least 4 to 6 months, and can also make necessary insurance.
How to invest in funds-the steps of fund financing
First of all, according to age, income and expenditure, family burden, personality, etc. , estimate their risk tolerance and liquidity needs.
Then, according to the risk tolerance and liquidity demand, choose the appropriate fund types and determine the investment ratio of each type of fund.
Third, among all kinds of funds, choose funds with stable long-term performance.
Generally, with the growth of age, people's risk tolerance gradually decreases, so it is necessary to adjust the investment ratio of aggressive financial management tools (such as stock funds) and stable financial management tools (such as bond funds, ultra-short debt funds and money market funds).
● For wage earners under the age of 55, 100 minus their age is the reference ratio for investing in stock funds, and the rest can be invested in monetary funds or bond funds;
● Older people over 55 who are close to or retired should mainly invest in monetary funds and bond funds, and the proportion of investment in stock funds should not exceed 20% for a long time.
On this basis, individuals can make some adjustments to their fund portfolio ratio according to their own income and expenditure, family burden, personality and other specific conditions, such as: more short-term expenditures; Heavy family burden; Or very cautious and can't bear the pressure; The investment proportion of bond funds, ultra-short debt funds and money market funds can be appropriately increased to reduce risks and enhance the security of liquidation; On the other hand, surplus funds are held for a long time; Or the income is high, or the family burden is light, the proportion of equity fund investment can be appropriately increased to enhance long-term value-added.
When choosing all kinds of funds, first, brand fund companies are preferred, because generally speaking, such investment and research teams are well staffed, experienced, loyal and stable after long-term running-in, and have strict process guarantee, which is conducive to creating long-term and stable good performance; The second is to choose the best brand fund manager, because the long-term good performance record of the past funds can often reflect the stable and excellent investment operation ability; The third is to choose the appropriate segmentation products, such as: when choosing stock funds, index stock funds can be properly matched; If the index stock fund is used for long-term investment, the effect of cost sharing will be more obvious.
How to invest in funds-three principles of avoiding risks and increasing returns
For most investors who pursue long-term value-added, long-term investment, fund portfolio investment and full investment are not only magic weapons to increase returns, but also the most basic and simple methods to control risks.
(1) Long-term investment.
Fund investment is a new way of life. If you persist for a long time, you can share the wealth management results and avoid risks.
For example, in August 2009, a certain gentleman bought an index stock fund of 6 million yuan, and in the following months, due to market fluctuations, there was a floating loss of about 10%. He kept the money because he didn't need it for a long time. From 20 10 to 12, he got a return of over 70%, that is, he increased by more than 4 million yuan. Regrettably, many investors ended early due to the lack of long-term holding concept, and some even "cut the meat" out, losing the opportunity of value-added in vain and even causing losses. In particular, those investors who have just survived the bear market for several years have hastily withdrawn when the fund has just returned to its face value, but they have not enjoyed the doubling of the subsequent income, and may need to adjust their financial management methods.
In addition, keep investing. Buying low and selling high is the mentality of many people in actual combat, but this "timing" strategy is very uncertain for professionals. Ordinary people are more influenced by the human weakness of "greed and fear" and the uncertainty of the stock market, so it is difficult to find the so-called "low point" or "high point".
Moreover, in order to help people invest and maintain their investment for a long time, many sales organizations have introduced regular and fixed investment methods. Regular quota refers to signing an agreement with banks and other sales organizations in advance, automatically deducting money at a certain time every month, and using a fixed amount of investment funds, similar to zero deposit and lump sum withdrawal, to strive for long-term high returns. For example, an ordinary family invests 1 0,000 yuan every month. Assuming the average annual rate of return is stable and moderate, it is 10%. After 20 years, the value can be increased by more than 200%. The assets are about 760,000 yuan, which can largely guarantee and improve the future living standard. The advantages of regular quota are: average cost and risk sharing; The compound interest effect of sand accumulation tower is remarkable; Overcome the human weakness of "greed and fear" and persist in investing; Save time and effort, don't have to queue at the outlets.
(2) Fund portfolio investment
Because in most cases, fund financing is a protracted war, we need to take a long-term view. In the bull market, it is really easy to get higher returns quickly by investing a lot of money in stock assets or stock funds, but there are also higher risks, which reduces the long-term appreciation and profit space of capital.
Portfolio investment can make different types of funds learn from each other's strong points, make the fund portfolio better meet the diversified financial needs of investors, and help investors exchange time for space and gain long-term value-added steadily. For example, stock funds can create long-term high returns, while bond funds, ultra-short debt funds and money funds can effectively spread stock market risks, strive for higher returns than deposits, and maintain convenient realization and dividends. Fund portfolio investment follows the basic principles, but it varies from person to person and can be roughly divided into the following categories:
(1) Young and middle-aged people at the peak of wealth creation, especially white-collar workers, backbones and elites;
(2) Working-class people aged 35-45, with stable family and career, with above-average income, have basically increased their wages on the card;
(3) Older people aged 55 to 60, or with strong risk tolerance;
(4) retirees, or elderly people who can't bear the loss of principal fluctuation.
(3) Full investment
Many people are looking for "low-risk, high-yield" investment methods. In fact, under the condition of controlling appropriate risks, sufficient and reasonable investment can contribute to higher long-term returns. For example, there is 654.38+0 million yuan to invest. If only 654.38+00% is invested, even if you invest in stock assets at great risk, you can get a yield of 654.38+00%, and the overall yield is only 654.38+0%, with a profit of 654.38+0 million yuan. On the contrary, if all the capital is invested, even if a large proportion of the capital is invested in low-risk fixed-income assets, the overall income can reach 50 thousand yuan.