1, Ruyao: The Palace Museum in Beijing has Ruyao green glaze bottle, Ruyao green glaze round wash, Ruyao green glaze bowl, etc. The National Palace Museum in Taipei collects the sky blue oval narcissus basin and the pink purple fancy warm bowl of Ru kiln.

2. Official kilns: The Forbidden City has official kiln green glaze string bottles, official kiln green glaze straight neck bottles, official kiln green glaze round washing and so on.

3. Geyao: The Forbidden City in Beijing has Geyao green glazed ear piercing bottle, Geyao green glazed fishhook furnace and Geyao green glazed begonia flowerpot.

4. Jun Kiln: The Forbidden City in Beijing has the moon white glaze of Jun Kiln, and the Forbidden City in Taipei has the lilac purple glaze of Jun Kiln in Song Dynasty.

5. Ding Kiln: The Forbidden City has a peony folding plate carved in white glaze in Ding Kiln, a slag bucket carved in white glaze in Ding Kiln, and a chrysanthemum phoenix plate printed in white glaze in Ding Kiln.

Extended data

Artistic features:

1, such as Yao

Ruyao green glaze has a string of bottles, similar to the bronze bottles of the Han Dynasty. Regular bottle shape, antique, realistic, bright and smooth glaze color, natural shade. Porcelain bottles began in the Song Dynasty and were fired in Ruyao, Ding Yao and Longquan kilns, which were furnishings. There are only two azurite bottles handed down from Song Dynasty in Ruyao. In addition to this one collected by the Palace Museum, the David Foundation in London, England also collected one.

2. Ruyao

Ru Ci fired by Ruyao has won the favor of emperors of past dynasties for its gorgeous colors and unique artistic value, and has the reputation of "the crown of Song porcelain", ranking first among the five famous kilns.

Official kilns mainly burn celadon. During the Daguan period, moonlight, pink and green were the most popular glaze colors. The carcass of official porcelain is thick, the azure glaze is slightly pink, and the glaze has large stripes. This is due to the different expansion coefficients of tire and glaze after heating. Porcelain foot has no glaze, and it is iron black after firing, with thin glaze at the mouth and slight fetal bone. This is a typical feature of official kiln porcelain in the Northern Song Dynasty.

3. Ge Yao

Geyao porcelain can be divided into moon white, grayish yellow, pink blue, grayish blue, putty, beige and so on. The most striking feature of Geyao porcelain is its thick and delicate glaze color and bright luster, just like congealing fat.

If you put it under a microscope, you can see that the bubbles contained in the enamel are like foam beads, with ice cracks of different sizes, dense or sparse. The light yellow mesh is like gold thread, and the thin black mesh is like iron wire. They are intertwined, so they are called "gold thread" and "iron wire".

In Song Dynasty, Geyao had a hard and thin tire, and the porcelain mouth was narrow, so thick glaze could not remain at the porcelain mouth. Hanging glaze mostly forms a slightly prominent annular band at the lower part of the mouth. Because the fetal bone at the mouth is slightly black, it is called "purple mouth". This is one of the unique porcelains in the Song Dynasty. Although there are many imitation Ge kilns in later generations, they failed to achieve the unique skill of firing.

4. Jun kiln

Generally speaking, the glaze color of Jun kiln can be divided into blue and red. Specifically, it can be moonlight, sky blue, sky blue, lush green, rose purple, begonia red, carmine, eggplant purple, lilac purple and flame red. Among them, blue is also different from ordinary celadon, and it is a variety of blue opalescent glazes with different shades. The lighter blue is called sky blue, the darker one is called sky blue, and the lighter one is called moonlight, all of which have the same blue luster as bright blue.

The glaze color of Jun porcelain has an elegant blue milky light, and its color tone is beautiful and wonderful. There are two kinds of glaze colors, one is fine flat glaze and the other is orange peel glaze. It is characterized by the "kiln change" of burning glass.

5. Ding kiln

The decorative techniques of kiln furniture are mainly white glaze printing, white glaze carving and white glaze painting, as well as white glaze embroidery and gold color painting, with beautiful and elegant patterns. In the early Northern Song Dynasty, the carving, composition and patterns of Ding Kiln were simplified, and most of them were thick lotus petals decorated with the beauty of bas-relief.

In the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty, carved flowers were beautifully decorated and unique. Decorative patterns are often printed, scratched and piled up, which are beautiful and generous. Printed patterns, ingenious deformation of natural form, rigorous composition; Carving is more lively and unique than printing.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Five Famous Kilns in Song Dynasty

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ruyao

Baidu encyclopedia-imperial kiln

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ge Yao

Baidu encyclopedia-junyao

Baidu Encyclopedia-Ding Yao