Question 2: What does supply chain finance mean? Supply chain finance is to provide comprehensive financial services for a single enterprise or multiple enterprises in the industrial supply chain, so as to promote the stable and smooth circulation of the "production, supply and marketing" chain of core enterprises and upstream and downstream supporting enterprises in the supply chain. Through the cooperation of financial capital and industrial economy, an industrial ecology of mutual benefit, win-win, sustainable development and benign interaction between banks or related financial institutions, enterprises and commodity supply chains is constructed. For example, Hao Mingjin Finance is a well-known financial service platform for consumer goods supply chain in China.
Question 3: What does supply chain finance mean? Generally speaking, the supply chain of a specific commodity goes from the procurement of raw materials to the manufacture of intermediate products and final products, and finally the products are delivered to consumers by the sales network, which connects suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers and end users as a whole. In this supply chain, the core enterprises with strong competitiveness and large scale, because of their strong position, often put forward harsh requirements for upstream and downstream supporting enterprises in terms of trade terms such as delivery, price and payment term, which has caused great pressure on these enterprises. Most of the upstream and downstream supporting enterprises are small and medium-sized enterprises, so it is difficult to raise funds from banks. As a result, the capital chain is very tight and the whole supply chain is unbalanced. The biggest feature of "supply chain finance" is to find a big core enterprise in the supply chain and provide financial support for the supply chain with the core enterprise as the starting point. On the one hand, effectively inject funds into the upstream and downstream supporting small and medium-sized enterprises in a relatively weak position to solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises and the imbalance of supply chain; On the other hand, bank credit should be integrated into the purchase and sale behavior of upstream and downstream enterprises to enhance their commercial credit, promote the establishment of long-term strategic cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises and core enterprises, and enhance the competitiveness of supply chain. Under the financing mode of "supply chain finance", once the enterprises in the supply chain are supported by banks, the "cord blood" of funds will be injected into the supporting enterprises, which means entering the supply chain, thus activating the operation of the whole "chain"; And with the support of bank credit, it has won more business opportunities for SMEs.
Question 4: What exactly does supply chain financing mean? Supply chain financing is essentially N+ 1+M financing, with "1" as the core, that is, the core manufacturer, which extends the bank's financial package to n upstream suppliers and m downstream distributors. In the whole supply chain, core manufacturers try to extend the payment period when purchasing raw materials from upstream suppliers, and require them to pay in advance when selling products to downstream distributors, which will lead to the shortage of funds for upstream and downstream SMEs. Supply chain financing is to provide comprehensive financial solutions for upstream and downstream SMEs of core enterprises, that is, its target is raw material suppliers and distributors of core enterprises.
Comprehensive financial schemes of supply chain financing are usually divided into three categories: spot financing products, accounts receivable financing products and prepayment financing products. Spot financing products include: static chattel pledge, dynamic chattel pledge, ordinary warehouse receipt pledge and standard warehouse receipt pledge; Accounts receivable financing products include: domestic factoring, international factoring (import and export), accounts receivable pledge, accounts receivable pool and bill pool financing; Prepayment financing products include: bill before goods, production prepayment and future goods pledge financing.
Real caress:
1) Enterprise A is the supplier of core enterprise B. When B purchases raw materials from A, the agreed payment term is 90 days.
At this time, enterprise A can apply to the bank for accounts receivable financing products, such as factoring products or factoring pool products. After the delivery, enterprise A transfers the creditor's rights of accounts receivable to the bank, and the bank provides financing support for enterprise A. ..
2) Enterprise C is the distributor of core enterprise B. When B sells products to C, it requires C to pay in advance.
At this time, enterprise C can apply to the bank for early repayment of wealth management products, enterprise C pays a certain percentage of deposit to the bank, and the bank issues a bank draft to enterprise B, and enterprise B makes delivery to enterprise C after receiving the bank draft.
3) Enterprise A is a production enterprise with a large inventory.
When enterprise A is short of funds, it can put forward inventory pledge financing products to the bank, and pledge the goods rights to the bank under the supervision of a third-party supervision company, and the bank provides financing support for enterprise A. ..
Key points of audit for three types of business:
1) Accounts receivable: We should pay attention to whether the accounts receivable are qualified, that is, whether the creditor's rights are defective, whether the rights are disputed, whether the pledge is repeated, whether the company is associated with the counterparty, whether the account period is in line with the regulations, whether it is controversial, etc.
2) Spot category: whether the ownership is clear, easy to save, easy to realize, repeated pledge, etc. Whether the price fluctuation is too large, whether the supervision company is qualified, and whether the pledge fee is complete. ;
3) Prepayment category: whether the core enterprise provides guarantee, whether it buys back, whether the margin ratio meets the requirements, whether the value is stable, etc.
The above are all accumulated experiences, I hope it will help you!
Question 5: What does a supply chain company mean? I don't know where you saw the "supply chain company"
Supply chain is a functional network chain structure around core enterprises, which connects suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers and end users into a whole by controlling information flow, logistics and capital flow. Starting from purchasing raw materials, it manufactures intermediate products and final products, and finally delivers products to consumers through sales network.
[1] To put it more vividly, we can describe the supply chain as a tree with lush foliage: production enterprises have formed roots; Exclusive agency is the main pole; Distributors are branches and treetops; The tree is full of green leaves and safflower, which is the end user; On the nodes of root and main pole, branch and pole, the common thread is information management system, which circulates again and again.
The relationship between enterprises in supply chain is similar to the food chain in biology.
In such a simple food chain as "a grass, a rabbit, a wolf and a lion" (for convenience of discussion, it is assumed that only these four creatures exist in this natural environment), if we kill all the rabbits, the grass will grow wildly, the wolf will starve to death because of the extinction of the rabbits, and even the most powerful lion will slowly starve to death because of the death of the wolf. It can be seen that every creature in the food chain is interdependent, and destroying any creature in the food chain will inevitably lead to the imbalance of this food chain and eventually destroy the ecological environment on which human beings depend.
Similarly, in the supply chain "enterprise A- enterprise B- enterprise C", enterprise A is the raw material supplier of enterprise B, and enterprise C is the product seller of enterprise B. If enterprise B ignores the interdependence of various elements in the supply chain and pays too much attention to its own internal development, the ability to produce products is constantly improving, but if enterprise A can't provide him with raw materials in time, or the sales ability of enterprise C can't keep up with the development of enterprise B's product production ability, then we can draw the conclusion that enterprise B.
Note: "Value chain" and supply chain are the same concept. There is also the so-called global logistics management mentioned, which is actually connected with the supply chain and has the same scope.
The national standard "Logistics Terminology" defines it as a network chain structure formed by upstream and downstream enterprises that provide products or services to end users in the process of production and circulation!
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Classification of supply chain
1, internal supply chain
Internal supply chain refers to the supply and demand network composed of purchasing department, production department, storage department and sales department who participate in the production and circulation of internal products.
2. External supply chain
External supply chain refers to the supply and demand network composed of raw material suppliers, manufacturers, storage and transportation companies, retailers and final consumers who participate in the production and circulation of related products of enterprises.
The relationship between internal supply chain and external supply chain: the two together constitute the supply chain of enterprise products from raw materials to finished products to consumers. It can be said that the internal supply chain is the contraction of the external supply chain. For example, the purchasing department of a manufacturer can be regarded as a supplier in an external supply chain. The only difference between them is that the scope of external supply chain is large, involving many enterprises, and the coordination between enterprises is more difficult.
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Basic structure of supply chain
Generally speaking, the basic elements of the supply chain include:
1, supplier
A supplier is an enterprise that provides raw materials or parts to manufacturers.
2. Manufacturer
The manufacturer is the product manufacturing industry. The most important link in product production, responsible for product production, development and after-sales service.
3. Distribution enterprises
A distribution enterprise is a product circulation agent established to transport products to every corner of the business geographical scope.
4. Retail enterprises
An enterprise that sells products to consumers.
5. Logistics enterprises
Logistics enterprises are enterprises that provide logistics services in addition to the above-mentioned enterprises. Among them, wholesale, retail and logistics can also be collectively referred to as circulation industry.
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Four processes of supply chain
Supply chain generally includes four processes: material circulation, commercial circulation, information circulation and capital circulation. The four processes have different functions and different circulation directions.
1, material circulation
This process is mainly the circulation process of materials (commodities), and it is a procedure to send goods. The direction of this process is from suppliers to consumers, through manufacturers, wholesale logistics, retailers and so on. For a long time, the enterprise theory has always been centered on physical products, so the current logistics has been widely valued. Many logistics theories involve how to deal with materials >>
Question 6: What does supply chain finance mean? What platforms are there for supply chain finance projects now? Supply chain finance is based on real supply chain trade, providing financing services to buyers or sellers, allowing sellers to recover the payment in advance and put it into reproduction. The supply chain finance of wallet investment in Ding Dong is mainly listed companies, which have strong corporate credit endorsement and effectively avoid investment risks. Suppliers of quality enterprises (listed companies, etc.). ) After strict screening by the professional risk control team, pledge its accounts receivable and raise funds from investors in Ding Dong Wallet. In case of default or overdue, the listed company will fully discount the bank acceptance bill and return it to the investors of Ding Dong Wallet.
Question 7: What does supply chain finance company mean? Financing difficulty of small and medium-sized enterprises has always been a major difficulty in their development. Small and medium-sized enterprises are prone to cash flow tension or even breakage because of their small scale. Therefore, how to revitalize funds has become the most concerned issue for SMEs. Supply chain finance is based on the real transaction background of supply chain. It is different from the traditional bank lending in the past, and can better solve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises caused by unstable operation, lack of credit and lack of assets.
Traditional bank loans make a static analysis of the past financial information of enterprises, and make credit decisions based on the isolated evaluation of credit subjects. Therefore, banks do not know the real operating conditions of SMEs. On the contrary, supply chain finance evaluates the credit status of the whole supply chain and strengthens the structural control of the debt itself. On the premise of real transactions, supply chain finance makes up for the lack of credit of small and medium-sized enterprises with the information advantages of large enterprises, thus comprehensively improving the credit level and credit ability of small and medium-sized enterprises in the industrial chain. The essence of supply chain finance is credit financing, and credit is found in the industrial chain.
At present, supply chain finance belongs to emerging finance. Whether supply chain finance can be done well is directly related to service enterprises' understanding of the industry, their ability to control risks and their strategic cooperation with banks. For example, the supply chain finance of Yuntu is centered on risk control and big data management capabilities. To carry out supply chain finance, we must have comprehensive abilities such as understanding the industry, understanding the financing methods, identifying risks and designing financial products and schemes. Data theory and port theory are not enough.
Question 8: What is a supply chain loan? The core enterprises in the supply chain are usually manufacturers. On the one hand, the supply chain presents a network structure dominated by core enterprises, which determines that the financial strength of supporting enterprises in the supply chain does not match the core enterprises, and supporting enterprises are in a weak position in the capital chain; Moreover, due to the strength of core enterprises, supporting enterprises are at a disadvantage in information and negotiation, which in turn leads to the further strengthening of their capital needs. On the other hand, fixed assets only account for a small part of the assets of supporting enterprises, and liquidity, inventory and raw materials are the main forms of their assets, while the credit rating of supporting enterprises is generally low, which makes it difficult for supporting enterprises to obtain loan services provided by means of fixed assets mortgage guarantee from banks or financial institutions. Logistics, capital flow and information flow are the three major elements of supply chain operation. The gap supporting enterprise capital flow will be difficult to maintain the continuity of supply chain, and will also cause the loss and waste of resources. "Supply chain financing" is to find a large-scale core enterprise in the supply chain, starting from the core enterprise and providing financial support for the node enterprises in the supply chain. On the one hand, effectively inject funds into the upstream and downstream supporting small and medium-sized enterprises in a relatively weak position to solve the problems of financing difficulties and supply chain imbalance of supporting enterprises; On the other hand, the credit of banks or financial institutions should be integrated into the purchase and sale behavior of upstream and downstream supporting enterprises, so as to enhance their commercial credit and promote the establishment of long-term strategic coordination between supporting enterprises and core enterprises, thus enhancing the competitiveness of the whole supply chain. The main operational ideas of supply chain financing are: first, straighten out the information flow, capital flow and logistics of supply chain-related enterprises; Banks and financial institutions integrate the capital flow of banks or financial institutions with the logistics and information flow of enterprises according to the stable and supervised accounts receivable and accounts payable information and cash flow; Then banks or financial institutions provide enterprises with comprehensive business services such as financing and settlement services. The unified management and coordination of logistics, capital flow and information flow enables participants, including enterprises in the supply chain and banks or financial institutions, to share their own "cheese", thus further improving the efficiency of supply chain management. At the same time, warehousing and logistics companies can help financial institutions reduce credit risk through direct control of materials. Under the supply chain financing mode, once the supply chain node enterprises get the support of banks or financial institutions, the "cord blood" of funds will enter the supporting enterprises. It is equivalent to entering the supply chain, which can activate the whole supply chain and enhance its market competitiveness. Supply chain financing can not only help solve the financing difficulties of supporting enterprises, but also promote the effective interaction between finance and industry, so that banks or financial institutions can jump out of the limitations of a single enterprise, examine the development of the real economy from a macro perspective, and shift from static concern to dynamic tracking of enterprise management, thus fundamentally changing their observation vision, thinking context, credit culture and development strategy. For banks or financial institutions, the overall credit of the supply chain is stronger than that of individual enterprises in the industrial chain. The interest rate and loan ratio provided by banks or financial institutions change with the production stage and adjust with the credit risk. For example, in the order stage, because of high uncertainty and high interest rate, the loan ratio is correspondingly low, but with the progress of the production process, the credit risk is reduced, the interest rate is reduced and the loan ratio is increased. Therefore, the combination of risk and income fully meets the financing needs of banks or financial institutions for risk control and customer care. Moreover, due to the combination of supply chain management and finance, many cross-industry service products have been produced, and correspondingly, many new financial instruments have been required, such as domestic letters of credit and online payment, which provide great business opportunities for banks or financial institutions to increase their intermediary business income. The main connotation of supply chain financing is taken from China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing 1. Supply chain financing is different from traditional financing business, and its essence is the change of credit culture of banks or financial institutions. 2. Supply chain financing is different from supplier financing. 3. Supply chain financing is not a single financing product, but a sequence combination of various products. 4. Supply chain financing focuses on the flexible use of financial products and services. 5. The object of supply chain financing is limited to supporting enterprises closely related to core enterprises and commodity trading. 6. Supply chain financing includes many specific business models, each of which contains different products. 7. Supply chain financing can greatly reduce business risks. 8. The operational risk of supply chain financing business has improved. 9. Need to dynamically analyze the enterprise situation. 10.From > & gt
Question 9: When was the first industrial supply chain fund in China born? The first industrial supply chain fund in China was established in Hangzhou on April 18. Supply chain fund was born to adapt to the development of the industry, and the birth of supply chain fund also marked a new era of supply chain finance. Yuan Kun Holdings will participate in the management of the fund.
Question10: What does P2P supply chain finance mean? Well, it is complicated to explain. Let me give you an example.
You have a clothing factory, which has received an order of 5 million yuan and signed a contract, but it needs 2 million yuan urgently. Because you lack fixed assets, the bank will not lend you money. Then our P2P company can help you solve this problem. Because you have an order, we can lend you money through the P2P platform when we see your future repayment ability.
Please accept your satisfaction, thank you very much and believe in wealth.