It was issued by Zhongfa [23] No.9 document.
The decision of the Central Committee of the State Council on accelerating forestry development (the full text is as follows)
(June 25, 23)
Strengthening ecological construction and maintaining ecological security is the same theme that human beings are facing in the 21st century, and it is also an important foundation for China's sustainable economic and social development. To build a well-off society in an all-round way and accelerate socialist modernization, we must take the road of civilized development of production development, affluent life and good ecology, realize the coordination between economic development and population, resources and environment, and realize the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Forest is the main body of terrestrial ecosystem. Forestry is an important public welfare undertaking and basic industry, which undertakes the important tasks of ecological construction and forest product supply. It is of great significance to do a good job in forestry. In order to accelerate the development of forestry, realize the grand goal of beautiful mountains and rivers, and promote national economic and social development, the following decisions are made.
1. Strengthening forestry construction is an urgent requirement for sustainable economic and social development
1. China's forestry construction has made great achievements. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially since the reform and opening up, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to forestry work and adopted a series of policies and measures, which have effectively promoted the development of forestry. The nationwide voluntary tree planting campaign has been carried out in depth, and the situation that the whole society runs forestry and the whole people engage in greening is taking shape. The construction of ecological projects such as the "Three North" shelterbelt has achieved remarkable results. In recent years, key projects such as natural forest protection, returning farmland to forests, and sand prevention and control have progressed smoothly, and the ecological situation in some areas has improved significantly. The protection of forests, wetlands and wildlife resources has been strengthened. Progress has been made in the adjustment of forestry industrial structure, the construction of various commercial forest bases is in the ascendant, the forest products industry has been strengthened, the economic forest, bamboo and rattan flower industry and eco-tourism have developed rapidly, and the comprehensive development of mountainous areas has been promoted in depth. The cultivation, management and utilization of forest resources have gradually formed a relatively complete organization, legal system and working system. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, forestry has provided more than 5 billion cubic meters of wood. At present, the national forest coverage rate has reached 16.55%, and the plantation area ranks first in the world. Forestry has made important contributions to national economic construction and improvement of ecological conditions, and played an increasingly important role in promoting the development of agriculture and rural economy in the new stage, expanding urban and rural employment and increasing farmers' income.
2. The sustainable development of economy and society urgently requires a great change in China's forestry. With the economic development, social progress and the improvement of people's living standards, the requirements of society for accelerating forestry development and improving ecological conditions are becoming more and more urgent, and the position and role of forestry in economic and social development are becoming more and more prominent. Forestry should not only meet the diverse needs of society for wood and other forest products, but also meet the needs of improving ecological conditions and ensuring ecological security of the country. ecological requirements has become the first demand of society for forestry. China's forestry is in an important period of change and transition, and it is undergoing a historic transformation from wood production to ecological construction.
3. The situation of accelerating forestry development is still grim. At present, the trend of local improvement and overall deterioration of ecological conditions in China has not been fundamentally reversed, and land desertification, wetland reduction and biodiversity destruction are still on the increase. Deforestation of trees, indiscriminate reclamation and occupation of forest land, indiscriminate hunting of wild animals, indiscriminate mining and indiscriminate digging of wild plants have been repeatedly banned, and forest fires and pests and diseases still pose a serious threat to forestry. The forestry management and management system has not yet adapted to the needs of the development of the situation. The forestry industry is small in scale, low in science and technology, unreasonable in structure, the contradiction between wood supply and demand is prominent, the income growth of forestry workers and people in forest areas is slow, and the development of social undertakings is lagging behind. On the whole, China is still a country lacking in forestry resources, the total amount of forest resources is seriously insufficient, the overall function of forest ecosystem is still very fragile, and the contradiction with social needs is increasingly acute. The task of forestry reform and development is more arduous than ever.
4. Forestry construction must be placed in a more prominent position. In the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way and accelerating socialist modernization, we must attach great importance to and strengthen forestry work and strive to make China's forestry have a great development. In carrying out the strategy of sustainable development, forestry should be given an important position; In ecological construction, forestry should be given the first place; In the western development, forestry should be given a basic position.
second, the guiding ideology, basic principles and main tasks of accelerating forestry development
5. guiding ideology. Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, we should thoroughly implement the spirit of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, establish a sustainable development path of forestry with ecological construction as the main part, establish a national ecological security system with forest vegetation as the main part and forest and grass as the combination, build an ecological civilized society with beautiful mountains and rivers, vigorously protect, cultivate and rationally utilize forest resources, realize the leap-forward development of forestry, and make forestry better serve the national economy and social development.
6. Basic policy.
-adhere to national mobilization, the whole people start work, and the whole society runs forestry.
-adhere to the unity of ecological benefits, economic benefits and social benefits, and give priority to ecological benefits.
-adhere to strict protection, active development, scientific management and sustainable utilization of forest resources.
-adhere to the combination of government-led and market regulation, and implement classified management and management of forestry.
-adhere to respect for natural and economic laws, adjust measures to local conditions, rationally allocate trees, shrubs and grass, and coordinate the development of urban and rural forestry.
-persist in promoting forests through science and education.
-insist on managing forests according to law.
7. Main tasks. By managing existing forests, expanding new afforestation, returning farmland to forests, optimizing forestry structure, increasing forest resources, enhancing the overall function of forest ecosystem, increasing the effective supply of forest products, and increasing the income of forestry workers and farmers. Strive to make China's forest coverage rate reach more than 19% by 21, soil erosion in major river basins and desertification in major sandstorm areas will be alleviated, the overall deterioration of the national ecological situation will be initially curbed, and the forestry industrial structure will become reasonable; By 22, the forest coverage rate will reach more than 23%, the ecological problems in key areas will be basically solved, the ecological situation in the country will be significantly improved, and the strength of the forestry industry will be significantly enhanced; By 25, the forest coverage rate will reach and stabilize above 26%, the beautiful mountains and rivers will be basically realized, the ecological situation will enter a virtuous circle, the contradiction between supply and demand of forest products will be alleviated, and a relatively complete forest ecological system and a relatively developed forestry industrial system will be built.
To achieve the above objectives, efforts must be made to protect natural forests, wildlife resources, wetlands and ancient and famous trees; Efforts should be made to create water conservation forests, soil and water conservation forests, windbreak and sand-fixing forests and embankment protection forests in major river basins, sand edges and coastal areas; Efforts should be made to afforest barren hills, ridges and fields, urban and rural areas and both sides of roads and canals; Strive to build commercial forest bases such as timber forest, economic forest, firewood forest and flowers; Strive to develop forest parks, urban forests and other recreational forests. At the same time, it is necessary to speed up the adjustment of forestry structure and improve the economic benefits of forestry; Accelerate the innovation of forestry management system and management mechanism, and mobilize the enthusiasm of all sectors of society to develop forestry.
third, do a good job in key projects and promote ecological construction
8. unremittingly do a good job in key forestry projects. It is necessary to intensify the implementation of natural forest protection projects, strictly manage natural forest harvesting, and further protect, restore and develop natural forest resources in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River, Northeast China and Inner Mongolia. Earnestly do a good job in the project of returning farmland to forests (grasslands), earnestly implement the relevant compensation policies for farmers who have returned farmland, encourage the development of follow-up industries with market and potential in combination with agricultural structural adjustment and development of characteristic industries, and solve the long-term livelihood problems of farmers who have returned farmland. We will continue to promote the construction of shelter forest systems in key areas such as the "Three North" and the Yangtze River, build various shelter forest systems according to local conditions and fortify against hazards, and focus on managing different types of ecological disasters in these areas. We will earnestly do a good job in sand prevention and control projects such as the control of sandstorm sources in Beijing and Tianjin, and protect and increase forest and grass vegetation through comprehensive measures such as delineating closed protected areas, planting trees and grass, managing small watersheds, keeping houses in captivity, and rationally utilizing water resources, so as to effectively curb the sandstorm hazards in the capital and major sandstorm areas as soon as possible. Attach great importance to the protection of wildlife and the construction of nature reserves, pay close attention to the rescue of endangered rare species, repair typical ecosystems, expand the area of nature reserves, improve the level of protection, and effectively protect China's wildlife resources, wetland resources and biodiversity. Accelerate the construction of forestry industrial base projects with fast-growing and high-yield timber forests as the mainstay, develop intensive forestry in suitable areas with conditions, accelerate the construction of various timber forests and other commercial forest bases, increase the effective supply of wood and other forest products, and reduce the pressure of ecological construction.
9. Carry out the nationwide voluntary tree planting campaign and develop social afforestation in various forms. Constantly enrich and improve the form of voluntary tree planting, improve the coverage of school-age citizens to fulfill their obligations, and improve the actual results of voluntary tree planting. Voluntary tree planting should be managed territorially, and the registration system and assessment system of voluntary tree planting should be established and improved in rural areas with towns as the unit and cities with streets as the unit. Further clarify the responsibility scope of departments and units for greening, implement the division of labor responsibility system, and strengthen supervision and inspection. The green passage project should be planned as a whole with road construction and river channel regulation, rationally arranged and accelerated. Urban greening should combine beautifying the environment with enhancing ecological functions, and gradually improve the level of construction. Encourage the army, social organizations, foreign businessmen and the masses to afforestation, and form a multi-subject, multi-level and multi-form afforestation pattern.
Fourth, optimize the forestry structure and promote industrial development
1. Accelerate the upgrading of forestry industrial structure. Adapt to the changes in ecological construction and market demand, promote industrial restructuring, optimize resource allocation, and accelerate the formation of a new pattern of forestry industry development based on forest resource cultivation, driven by intensive processing and supported by scientific and technological progress. Encourage intensive management to develop raw material forest and timber forest bases. Actively develop wood processing industry, especially deep processing industry, extend the industrial chain, realize multiple value-added, and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of wood. We will give prominence to the development of new and famous economic forests, eco-tourism, bamboo and rattan flowers, forest food, cultivation of precious tree species and medicinal materials, domestication and breeding of wild animals and other emerging product industries, and cultivate new forestry economic growth points. Give full play to the advantages of China's vast territory, abundant biological resources and labor force, and vigorously develop characteristic export forest products.
11. Strengthen the guidance and regulation of the development of forestry industry. According to the market demand, resource conditions and industrial base, we should pay close attention to the development planning of forestry industry, formulate industrial policies, guide the healthy development of the industry, and avoid low-level redundant construction. Encourage the cultivation of brand-name products and leading enterprises, promote the business form of companies with bases and bases connected with farmers, and accelerate the development of forestry industry. Support the development of various professional cooperative organizations, improve the socialized service system, cultivate and standardize forest products and forestry factor markets, allow farmers to meet directly in production and sales of wood, broaden farmers' access to the market, and enhance the vitality of forestry industry development.
12. Further opening up forestry. Make full use of domestic and foreign markets and resources to accelerate forestry development. In view of the weak forestry foundation and heavy construction tasks in China, it is necessary to increase the intensity of introduction and focus on introducing funds, resources, improved varieties, technology and management experience. Efforts will be made to expand the scale of foreign capital utilization in forestry and encourage foreign investors to invest in afforestation and develop forest products processing industry. Formulate policies conducive to expanding the export of forest products, improve the export promotion mechanism of forest products, and improve the international competitiveness of China's forest products. Adhere to the "going out" strategy and strengthen overseas forestry development. Actively carry out forest certification work and integrate with the international community as soon as possible. Take effective measures to strengthen the protection and export management of China's germplasm resources and prevent the introduction of foreign pests. Conscientiously implement relevant international conventions and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation in the field of ecological protection.
5. deepen the reform of forestry system and enhance the vitality of forestry development
13. further improve the forestry property rights system. This is an important basis for mobilizing the enthusiasm of all sectors of society for afforestation and promoting the better and faster development of forestry. It is necessary to strictly protect the property rights of forest property owners in accordance with the law and safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. If the ownership is clear and the forest right certificate has been issued, it is necessary to earnestly safeguard the legal effect of the forest right certificate; If the ownership has not yet been issued, it should be issued as soon as possible; The ownership is unclear or controversial, we should pay close attention to clarification or mediation, and issue the ownership certificate as soon as possible. After returning farmland to forests, relevant procedures should be handled in time according to law.
The designated hilly land shall be used by farmers for a long time without compensation, and shall not be forcibly recovered. All the trees on the hilly land shall be owned by the farmers. For those who have not yet been afforested, measures should be taken to afforest within a time limit.
The responsibility mountain subcontracted to households should keep contract relationship stable. After the last round of contracting expires, if the original contracting practice is basically reasonable, it can be directly renewed; If the original contracting practice is obviously unreasonable according to law, it can continue to contract on the basis of improving the relevant practices. In the new round of contracting, a written contract must be signed, and the contract period shall be implemented in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. If the contract has been renewed, but it is less than the statutory contract period, it may be extended to the statutory period after performing the relevant procedures. Farmers who are unwilling to continue the contract can be returned to the collective economic organization for further disposal.
For the mountain forests that are still managed by the collective, we should treat them differently, give guidance by classification, and actively explore effective management forms. Where the masses are satisfied and in good operating condition, joint-stock cooperative forest farms and joint-stock forest farms should continue to maintain the stability of their business forms and constantly improve them. For other concentrated contiguous forestland, the form of "dividing shares into mountains and profits into forests" can be adopted to gradually clarify property rights to individuals. For scattered forest land, the ownership and use right of forest land can be transferred to individual management after reasonable pricing. For barren hills and wasteland suitable for forest, the business entity can be directly determined by subcontracting to households, bidding, auction and other forms, or the business entity can be determined in an appropriate way after the collective unified organization and development; For barren hills and wasteland suitable for afforestation, the right to use a certain period of time can be transferred to competent units or individuals for development and operation free of charge through public bidding, but it must be afforested within a time limit. No matter what form it takes, it must go through the democratic decision of the members of the collective economic organization, and the members within the collective economic organization enjoy the priority to operate.
14. accelerate the rational transfer of the right to use forests, trees and woodlands. On the basis of clear ownership, the state encourages the rational circulation of the right to use forests, trees and woodlands, and all kinds of social subjects can participate in the circulation through contracting, leasing, transfer, auction, negotiation and allocation. At present, it is necessary to focus on promoting the circulation of the right to use barren hills and wasteland suitable for forest owned by the state and the collective. For the state-owned barren hills and wasteland that are suitable for afforestation and whose operators are unable to do so for a while, they can also be provided to nearby troops, production and construction corps or other units for afforestation according to the relevant provisions of the state, and the trees planted are owned by the foresters. The right to use forests, trees and woodlands can be inherited, mortgaged, guaranteed, invested in shares and used as the capital contribution or condition of joint ventures and cooperation according to law. Actively cultivate the standing tree market, develop forest resources assets evaluation institutions, promote the rational circulation of trees, and mobilize the enthusiasm of operators for investment and development.
it is necessary to standardize circulation procedures and strengthen circulation management. Earnestly do a good job in various services of circulation, handle the registration formalities of ownership change in time, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties. In the process of circulation, we must resolutely prevent the phenomenon of deforestation, changing the use of forest land, changing the nature of public welfare forests and the loss of public assets. It is necessary to effectively strengthen the post-circulation