1. housekeeping gene: refers to a kind of gene to be expressed in all cells, and its products are necessary to maintain the basic life activities of cells. For example, tubulin gene, protein gene related to DNA replication, enzyme related to ATP production or protein gene and ribosome protein gene.
Second, there is no housekeeping gene.
Although these genes are not expressed in all cells, they play an important role in specific periods or cells, leading to various diseases and even death after mutation.
1. Growth and development genes: genes that control long hands, long arms, long internal organs and long heads. This genetic mutation is either fatal or abnormal.
2. Genes that control basic life activities. Exercise, digestion, circulation, reproduction, nervous system, endocrine system, respiratory system and urinary system all have their own specific genes translated into specific protein at work. Mutation or lack of them will lead to disease and even death. For example, genes of enzymes related to the digestion and transformation of three major nutrients (protein, fat and sugar), protein transporters related to the channels controlling substance transport, receptor proteins of senses such as vision, hearing and taste, synthetic genes of hemoglobin and synthetic genes of various hormones.
Of course, not all genes in these eight systems are conservative. For example, the genes that control eye color are different between different races.
3. Unknown gene. This gene has not been studied, but its function is very important. For example, human beings learn genes related to cognitive memory, and the results after mutation can be imagined.
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