The balance of income and expenditure of public institutions in a certain period is the balance, including "business balance" and "operating balance".

According to the accounting system of public institutions, "business balance" refers to the balance of income and expenditure of public institutions in a certain period, and "business balance" refers to the balance of income and expenditure of public institutions in a certain period.

The year-end closing process of public institutions is as follows: income and expenditure are transferred to balance, balance is transferred to balance distribution, and all undistributed balances after distribution are transferred to reserve. "Public funds" accounts for the non-limited net assets owned by institutions, mainly including accumulated surplus funds; For the "transferred funds", after the project is completed, it will be directly hedged with "special expenditure" and "transferred funds", and the balance of special funds retained by the unit will be directly transferred to "public funds-general funds"; The operating balance is the debit balance, that is, the loss is not carried forward.