Fund, in English, refers to a certain amount of funds set up for a certain purpose. It mainly includes trust and investment funds, provident funds, insurance funds, retirement funds and funds of various foundations.
From the accounting point of view, capital is a narrow concept, which refers to funds with specific purposes and uses. The fund we are talking about mainly refers to the securities investment fund.
According to different standards, securities investment funds can be divided into different types:
According to whether fund units can be increased or redeemed, they can be divided into open-end funds and closed-end funds. Open-end funds are not traded on the market (as the case may be), but are purchased and redeemed by banks, brokers and fund companies, and the fund scale is not fixed; Closed-end funds have a fixed duration and are generally listed and traded on the stock exchange. Investors buy and sell fund shares through the secondary market.
According to different organizational forms, it can be divided into corporate funds and contractual funds. A fund is established by issuing fund shares to establish an investment fund company, which is usually called a corporate fund; The establishment of fund managers, fund custodians and investors through fund contracts is usually called contractual funds. China's securities investment funds are all contractual funds.
According to the difference of investment risk and income, it can be divided into growth fund, income fund and balanced fund.
According to the different investment objects, it can be divided into four categories: bond funds, stock funds, money funds and hybrid funds.
trust fund
Trust fund, also known as investment fund, is a collective investment model with * * * returns and * * * risks: it refers to pooling the unequal funds of most investors who are uncertain in society through contracts or issuing fund coupons (such as income coupons, fund shares and fund shares) to form a certain scale of trust assets, which are distributed by specialized investment institutions according to the principle of portfolio, and the benefits are obtained by investors.
The characteristics of trust funds: collective investment, expert management and expert operation;
Portfolio investment, risk diversification, asset management and asset custody are separated.
Enjoy the benefits, take risks, aim at pure investment, and have strong liquidity.