At present, with the deepening and breadth of supply-side structural reform, the operating environment and regulatory policies faced by commercial banks are undergoing major changes. Due to the change of macroeconomic situation, the change of customers' financial needs and the tightening of capital adequacy supervision, integrated operation has gradually become an important choice for the transformation and development of commercial banks in China.
It is imperative to speed up comprehensive management. The Fifth National Financial Work Conference emphasized that serving the real economy is the bounden duty of finance, the purpose of finance and the fundamental measure to prevent and control financial risks. At present, China's economy is at the speed shift node, structural adjustment node and power conversion node, and the supply-side structural reform will profoundly affect the development of the financial industry. Comprehensive management has become an important weapon for banks to seize market opportunities, meet customer needs, serve the real economy and help transform and upgrade the economic structure.
The ongoing supply-side structural reform also requires commercial banks to provide higher quality comprehensive financial services. In the process of industrial upgrading, the financial needs of enterprises are more complex and diverse, which requires commercial banks to provide a package of financial services linked by investment and loan, including equity financing, bond financing, fund financing and bill financing. For example, in order to support strategic emerging industries, high-tech industries and innovative industries, it is necessary to design financing schemes linked to investment and loans, and coordinate more complex contract systems and risk control arrangements; Supporting small and micro enterprises requires innovative mortgage credit methods; With the construction of the "Belt and Road" and the acceleration of international capacity cooperation, domestic enterprises have an increasing demand for comprehensive financial services such as overseas mergers and acquisitions, cross-border financing, exchange rate hedging and financial consulting.
At the same time, the internal driving force of the comprehensive operation of the banking industry is also increasing. Under the new economic normal, the profit model that relies solely on the traditional deposit-loan spread is unsustainable, and banks are facing problems such as narrowing the spread, diverting deposits, decreasing the attractiveness of credit financing, and difficulties in asset allocation. Traditional banking business is difficult to grow, and the contribution rate of non-bank financial business to profits is in a period of rapid growth.
For commercial banks, integrated operation means that in order to better meet the needs of customers and adapt to the market situation, commercial banks run non-bank financial services such as securities, insurance and asset management in addition to traditional banking services. Under the regulatory environment of our country, the integrated operation of commercial banks mainly deals with non-banking businesses such as securities, insurance, funds, leasing and trust in the form of subsidiaries.
In recent years, China has accelerated the liberalization of interest rates, exchange rates, capital controls and industry restrictions, basically completed the marketization of interest rates, and made substantial progress in the marketization of exchange rates and the internationalization of RMB. In order to seize the historical opportunity of social financing structure and regulatory policy changes, driven by "great synergy, great asset management and great transaction", commercial banks are accelerating the construction of integrated financial service platforms and steadily promoting integrated operations. In particular, large commercial banks have initially established a comprehensive business framework, and their subsidiaries have developed well, and the synergistic effect has gradually emerged.
At present, many commercial banks are involved in investment banking, trust, securities, insurance, funds, leasing and other businesses. Through the division system, wholly-owned subsidiaries, shareholding or holding subsidiaries, etc. And directly or indirectly participated in the operation of money market, credit market and capital market, established stable financial ties, provided customers with "one-stop" financial services, reduced the channels of financial innovation in the same industry, reduced the financing costs of enterprises and individuals, and effectively improved the efficiency of serving the real economy.
Comprehensive service ability is the core index to measure the operating level of financial institutions under the new normal, and commercial banks generally regard comprehensive operation as the key area of transformation and development. According to statistics, by the end of 20 16, 17 banks had fund licenses, 22 banks had lease licenses, 7 banks had insurance licenses, 9 banks had overseas investment banking licenses and 4 banks had trust licenses. The comprehensive operation platform of large commercial banks is becoming more and more perfect, and the types of licenses and service functions are basically perfect.
The synergistic effect of comprehensive management began to appear. Take China Everbright Bank (4. 150, 0.02, 0.48%) as an example. On 20 15, the bank established a comprehensive financial service mechanism for corporate business-the big asset business platform, and set up two-level institutions for comprehensive financial services and supervision and coordination committees for big asset projects at the head office and branches to integrate credit, investment banking, asset management, interbank and leasing businesses. By using the collaborative mechanism of big asset platform and rich product service system, as of the end of September this year, the balance of public assets business of Everbright Bank exceeded 3 trillion yuan.
With the deepening of supply-side structural reform, in order to revitalize the real economy, commercial banks should continue to further promote integrated operations and provide more comprehensive and comprehensive financial services for the real economy. In the process of supporting the supply-side structural reform and the revitalization of the real economy, commercial banks should continuously improve their comprehensive financial service capabilities, including actively docking the 13 th Five-Year Plan, the strategy of "four major sectors" and the construction of "three major support belts", giving full play to the advantages of subsidiary licenses and functions, strengthening the comprehensive marketing and comprehensive services of parent and subsidiary companies, providing comprehensive financial service solutions across markets, institutions and currencies, and actively supporting the implementation of major national strategies and key projects.
Strengthening product innovation is the focus of comprehensive management of commercial banks. Commercial banks should innovate on the basis of traditional advantages, sort out and optimize existing products, constantly improve the innovation system and accelerate the development of intermediary business; Strengthen customer demand analysis, sort out and analyze customer information of company, retail and financial market business, and refine comprehensive financial service solutions; Study and support the service modes and schemes of technology-based enterprises, "going out" enterprises and customers in the field of non-standardized infrastructure construction, and comprehensively use capital market, internet finance, supply chain finance, PPP mode, investment and loan linkage, and government guidance funds to reduce risks and expand the scope of services.
To establish the core advantages of integrated management, it is necessary to deepen the linkage mechanism between parent and subsidiary companies and give full play to the strategic synergy effect. IT is necessary to speed up the collaborative construction of the group and build a group management structure with business, finance, personnel, capital, risk and IT operation as the pillars. Strengthen the group's integrated sales, break through the defects of line division and functional fault, and form network collaboration among lines, domestic and foreign companies, parent companies, subsidiaries and subsidiaries. Deepen the cooperation linkage mechanism between parent and subsidiary companies, promote functional integration, complementary advantages, information exchange and resource sharing among group members, and realize the integration of group strategic objectives, corporate culture and comprehensive financial services.
It can be predicted that with the deepening of financial reform and the continuous opening of China's capital market, the comprehensive operation ability of banks will face higher challenges, and the comprehensive operation transformation of the banking industry will be further promoted.