Stock is a kind of securities issued by listed companies, which can be listed and traded. There are two ways to make money by holding shares in a company: one is that when the company is profitable, there will be dividends and rights issues. The other is the so-called capital gain, which is sold when the stock price rises to obtain the price difference in the middle. Now you need to open an account in a securities company to speculate in stocks. When buying and selling stocks, you can buy 100 shares, and the handling fee includes commission and stamp duty. T+65,438+0 trading is implemented, that is, the stock cannot be sold until the next trading day. During the period after 17, the market fluctuated greatly. Looking at the Shanghai Composite Index alone, it fell by more than 200 points today. Most stocks are falling, but the trading volume is small, and investors are still reluctant to sell. Fund is a kind of collective investment, risk diversification and expert financial management. For example, if you buy a large-scale selection of Huaxia, it is equivalent to handing over the money to Huaxia Company for management, and the corresponding fund manager will invest it in some high-quality stocks, bonds, bank bills and other products to obtain income. Then after the fund company collects a certain management fee, the remaining profits are distributed according to its share. The strategy of buying funds is different from that of stocks. It should be said that the sooner you buy a fund, the better. You don't have to care too much about the net value of the fund. You should mainly care about the medium and long-term return rate and dividend frequency of the fund. Funds are generally divided into two categories: open and closed. Open-ended ones can be redeemed, but they cannot be traded in the secondary stock market; Closed positions cannot be redeemed but can be bought and sold in the secondary market. In addition, there are ETFs and LOFs with both advantages, such as SSE 50ETF, Huaxia Blue Chip, Boss Theme and so on. Warrant is actually an option, which is a right certificate issued by a listed company with its corresponding stock as the subject matter. Generally divided into call warrants and put warrants, one is bullish and the other is bearish, and T+0 trading is implemented, with one hand 100 shares. For example, WISCO CWB 1: the warrant code is 5800 13, the underlying securities WISCO shares (600005), the warrant category is call warrants, the latest exercise price is 9.9 100 yuan, and the latest exercise ratio is1:1.000. The termination date of existence is April-16, 2009, the start date of exercise is April-10, and the termination date of exercise is April-16, 2009. If you buy WISCO CWB 1 now, you will get a right: -65438+ before April 2009. And people who speculate on warrants rarely hold the exercise date, and generally earn the difference and leave. It should be noted that warrants are particularly risky. First, the price can be reduced to zero or increased several times. Second, if you still hold the warrants on the exercise date, and the underlying share price is lower than the exercise price, then the warrants in your hands will become a piece of waste paper. For put options, if the underlying stock price is higher than the exercise price, it will become waste paper and worthless. Futures, futures provide more investment space, and its essence is forward contract trading. When you buy and sell futures, you are actually buying and selling futures contracts of corresponding varieties. Compared with other investment products, futures have the following characteristics: 1, margin trading. 65438+ 10,000 can do more than 65438+ 10,000 transactions, depending on the variety. 2. Two-way transaction. You can go long or short. Both ups and downs can make money. 3. buying and selling. Trading is very flexible, you can sell it if you buy it, unlike stocks that have to wait until the next trading day. For example, natural rubber 080 1 contract, the latest price in the futures market is 2 1595 yuan per ton. 5 tons of natural rubber, then the total contract value of purchasing primary rubber 080 1 is 2 1595*5= 107975, and the down payment is 1 1%. Then you only need to pay 1 1877.25 yuan to make the transaction. If the price rises to 2 1895 a few minutes after you buy it, you will earn 5*300= 1500. On the contrary, if you fall, you will lose so much. However, futures can be sold first and then bought. That is to say, when you think that the market outlook will fall, you can sell and open positions at a high level, and buy and close positions at a low level after the fall to earn the difference. Unlike stocks, you can only watch them fall.