Basic information
Chinese name
Virginia
zone
1 10784 square kilometers
Foreign name
Virginia Federation
Human population
7,769,089 (2008)
Another name
Virginia
Belonging area
United States of America
famous scenic spot
Eccroft auditorium, endless cave castration
geographical position
North latitude 36 31'to 39 37'
Outline the paragraph of folding editing.
Virginia, the state emblem of Virginia.
Virginia emblem
Virginia, officially known as the Commonwealth of Virginia (English) and abbreviated as Victoria in Chinese, is a state in the eastern United States and one of the thirteen States when the United States was founded. The Chinese translation of "Virginia" first appeared in the Republic of China.
The range of Virginia lies between 36 31'and 39 37' north latitude and between 7513' and 83 37' west longitude, and its northern part is adjacent to Washington, D.C., the political center of the United States. The state is one of the birthplaces of the United States of America, with dense population and developed economy. In 2008, the total population of Quanzhou was more than 7.7 million, and the total GDP reached 397 billion US dollars.
geographical position
In shape, Virginia is like a triangle, with the east side bordering the Atlantic Ocean and the terrain sloping from west to east. There are steep Appalachian Mountains and Blue Ridge Mountains in the west, with fertile valleys in between. Mount Rogers is 1746 meters above sea level, which is the highest point in the state. The central part is the piedmont plateau, and the western part is the Blue Ridge Mountains.
To the east is the waterfall line. To the east of the waterfall route is a coastal plain with many rapids and rapids. Four tidal rivers, Potomac River, Lapahannock River, York River and James River, flow eastward into chesapeake bay, dividing the plain into three peninsulas: North Neck Peninsula, Middlesbrough Peninsula and Virginia. The southern part of Delaware Peninsula across the sea also belongs to the state. It is connected with the port city of Norfolk by a cross-sea highway. This passage consists of four artificial islands, two long bridges and two undersea tunnels, also known as tunnel bridges, with a total length of 28 kilometers. The project is magnificent and looks like a rainbow from a distance, extending to the end of the sea and sky, which is extremely spectacular.
Historical folding
The state is one of the oldest states in the United States.
1607, Britain established its first North American colony in Jamestown, a coastal city. Therefore, the state has the nickname of "Old Dominion State". It was named "Virginia" to commemorate the contribution of Queen Elizabeth I to the development of British colonialism (Elizabeth I was never married, so she was called "Queen Virginia").
1774, senator Virginia suggested convening the first continental congress.
1775, Virginia George Washington became the commander-in-chief of the rebel army in North America 13 colony.
1776 On July 4th, the Second Continental Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence drafted by Thomas Jefferson, the representative of Virginia. Among the 42 presidents of the United States, 8 are Virginians: George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, james madison, james monroe, william harrison, john tyler, Zachary Taylor and Woodrow Wilson. Therefore, Virginia is also called "the hometown of the president".
178110/0/0 19, the British surrendered to the United States and France in Yorktown, and the War of Independence ended.
1788 On June 26th, the state ratified the federal constitution and became the 10 state to join the federation. Virginia suffered the most in the Civil War. This is the outpost of the Confederacy, and Richmond is the capital of the Confederacy, so it has become the main battlefield. Many tragic wars took place in this area.
Law and government folding
In colonial Virginia, some free people were elected as lower-level members. Their collective organization was called the House of Commons, which together with the government meeting formed the Virginia Federal Parliament. Virginia Federal Parliament, founded in 1629, is an ancient legislative body in the Western Hemisphere, which is still playing its role. The Pew Research Center in the United States ranks contemporary governments by three indicators: efficiency, influence and infrastructure. Virginia and two other states have received the highest rating twice.
Starting from 197 1, the government actions in Virginia must follow the seventh amendment to the Virginia Constitution, which guarantees equality before the law and is a judicial system with a solid legislative foundation and uniform implementation standards. Referring to the structure of the federal government, the Virginia government also implements "separation of powers", namely "legislation", "administration" and "justice". The Virginia Federal Parliament exercises legislative power, and the members of the Legislative Committee are composed of 65,438+000 members of the State House of Representatives and 40 members of the State Senate, all of whom make laws for the Virginia Federation. The federal parliament has the right to choose judges and apply laws, and its power is greater than that of the administrative organs. Governors and deputy governors are elected independently every four years. According to state law, the governor can not be re-elected, but can run for election every other term; The deputy governor and the attorney general may be re-elected. Virginia has the oldest judicial system in the United States, from the high-level Virginia High Court and Court of Appeal to the low-level ordinary district courts and circuit courts, which are all composed according to strict judicial levels.
Virginia Code is a written law, and the system composition of the code is examined and approved by the legislature of the state federal parliament. The Virginia Police Department is the largest law enforcement agency in the state; The state legislature police station is the oldest police station in the United States. The Virginia National Guard consists of 7500 army soldiers of the Army Guard and 1200 air force soldiers of the Air Force Guard. 1982, Virginia began to restore the death penalty system. So far, the death penalty has been executed according to law 103, ranking second in the United States. Virginia's "total crime risk rate" is 28%, which is lower than the American average.
Political folding
In the last century, Virginia changed from an agricultural and politically conservative continent to a more urbanized, diversified and politically enlightened American state. Before 1970, Virginia was still politically divided, with racial barriers and many political parties. At first, African-Americans were deprived of their political rights, and their right to participate in politics could not be guaranteed. Until Virginia passed civil rights legislation in the mid-1960' s, other ethnic groups, especially Hispanics, also enjoyed the right to immigrate and vote according to law, which made Virginia's ethnic minorities play an increasingly important role in political elections. Due to the free migration of population, regional differences have played a great role in Virginia's political life. In response to * * * and the party's "southern strategy", the agricultural population in the western and southern regions turned to support * * * and the party; Cities and fast-growing suburbs (including northern Virginia) have become the domain of the Democratic Party. Democrats advocate the establishment of trade unions, thus putting pressure on parts of southern Virginia.
Political influence, especially in several towns where universities are concentrated, such as Charlemagne, Blacksburg and Heber in the southeast.
The political power of Virginia's political parties changes alternately. Former Governor Tim Kaine is a Democrat, while current Governor Bob McDonald and Deputy Governor Bill Berlin are Republicans. In 2005, Republican Robert McDonald was elected attorney general of Virginia with 360 votes. Before taking office, his campaign votes were recalculated and rechecked according to law to ensure accuracy and fairness. In the state legislature election in 2007, the Democratic Party regained control of the state Senate, reversed the majority of seats in the House of Representatives, and reduced the number of seats to eight. The Virginia election in 2009 will elect the representatives of the next state government and the House of Representatives. Traditionally, the election time in Virginia is usually held in wakefield Town at the same time as the annual sunshade sedan chair rally.
Since the federal election in 2006, the Democratic Party has undoubtedly been successful. In the Senate election in Virginia in 2006, Jim Webb, a Democrat, won more popular support than the current * * * and the party, and he has a very close relationship with the people. In 2008, after mark warner, the former Democratic governor, replaced John Werner, a retired senator, both seats in the U.S. Senate in Virginia were occupied by the Democratic Party. Virginia has 1 1 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives, including 6 seats for Democrats and 5 seats for Republicans. In the 2008 US presidential election, Virginia voted for barack obama of the Democratic Party; In the previous 10 presidential election, Virginia supported * * * and party candidates. In the future presidential election, Virginia may be regarded as an indecisive state in voting, and its votes may be voted for the Democratic Party and its own party.