The term welfare state was first put forward by William Temple, Bishop of York, in 1930s. He believes that a country should be built into a welfare country, not a fascist war country. At that time, Britain was in an arduous war with German fascists. The publication of the Beveridge Report marks the beginning of the British welfare state.

First, the origin of modern social security system in Britain

The first kind of mutual aid organization is charity organization, which is the oldest mutual aid and protection organization. 17 and 18 century combined with industrial production promoted the development of charity. With the improvement of industrialization, large-scale industrial production has replaced the production of handicraft workshops, and the function of charitable organizations to provide employment has gradually weakened. In the expenditure of charitable organizations, public welfare accounts for the main part, and poverty alleviation is only incidental. [2] The second kind of mutual aid organization is a friendly society evolved from the guild of the "Brotherhood" in the Middle Ages. The purpose is to help each other and maintain the lives of sick, elderly and meat-gathering members, and to raise independent funds through voluntary donations.

Second, the establishment of modern social insurance system in Britain

(1) Establishment of Social Security Team System in Britain

The Liberal Party won the general election with 1906. Neo-liberalism has become an important theoretical basis for the British government to formulate policies and laid the institutional foundation for the modern British social security system. Previously, Britain passed the Individual Unemployment Law, Workers' Compensation Law, Old Age Pension Law and National Insurance Law, and the Conservative Party was the main policy maker.

(2) The development of social security in Britain after the war.

Due to wartime needs, almost everyone in Britain found a job during World War I, thus achieving "full employment" for the first time in modern British history. During this period, the government provided subsidies to military families for the first time, with weekly allowances of 65,438+02 shillings, sixpence for wives and 2 shillings for children, and allowances for war widows and orphans. After World War I, due to strikes by workers and riots by demobilized soldiers, the British Parliament amended the unemployment insurance law twice to expand the insurance coverage. The newly insured workers did not take the payment of insurance premiums as a condition for receiving unemployment benefits, but became unemployment benefits. Therefore, during the world economic crisis, many workers were exempted from receiving unemployment benefits, but they still did not find jobs. After that, the British government decided to grant temporary relief to such unemployed people. After that, unemployment benefits were combined with unemployment.

Third, the trend of post-war British social security system.

The publication of the Beveridge Report drew a blueprint for the post-war British social security system. The World War II and the post-war Labor Party's ruling period were important periods for the reform and development of British social security system in the 20th century. 1948, Britain established a national relief system. Together with the family allowance law of 1945, the national insurance law of 1946, and the establishment of relevant administrative agencies, Britain finally established the welfare state system.