Stolhead is a big garden in Wiltshire, which was built in18th century. It embodies the picturesque style of garden design. It has a huge lake dotted with many classical features and Italian architecture. The garden is a beautiful place for walking. You can walk through the Woods along winding paths all year round, and you can see all kinds of scenery on the lake.
Story of Stolhead Many English aristocratic estates are their own world. Stoehead Manor is no exception. The manor covers an area of 2,650 acres, including Paladian Manor, stoughton Village, woodland, farm and garden. Located at the source of the Stoll River in Wiltshire, this manor was the property of Baron stoughton from 13 century to 17 14 century, and was later sold to the Hall family, who were wealthy bankers. The manor belonged to the family until 1946 was handed over to the national trust fund.
Shortly after Henry Hall got the manor, I demolished the original manor house and replaced it with a house in Palladio style that was popular at that time. The new manor was completed in 1725, which will become a treasure house of family books and art collections in the next 200 years. Henry Hall II inherited this property, stayed in Europe for a while and took part in a grand trip. This is part of the education of young gentlemen. He was inspired to build a revolutionary garden on the basis of the French and Italian landscapes he saw, especially in the form of these gardens seen in landscape paintings.
Before that, most gardens were designed according to the principles established in the Renaissance, emphasizing geometry and straight lines. This is especially obvious in the use prospect. This is a vision, with trees on both sides. Trees are often trimmed into hedges, and lawns can be used for riding or celebrating. Where the lines of sight intersect, there are usually ponds, fountains, statues or obelisks to mark this point, which can be seen along the horizon. Close to houses, these landscapes give way to gorgeous designs in squares or rectangular areas, which are trimmed with plants or colored gravel and called flower beds. Planting is limited, and more interesting plants are planted in flowerpots, arranged along different terraces and sidewalks. Its purpose is to apply accurate geometry to the natural landscape and complete the task entrusted by God to mankind, that is, the perfect imperfect world.
By the beginning of18th century, this method had degenerated into more and more gorgeous designs, and endless prospects and huge flower beds required a large number of gardeners. The time is ripe for change, and this change happened in Britain.
Alexander pope, born in 1688, is generally regarded as a poet, but he is also an enthusiastic gardener and owns a manor in Ham, Weicon Province. He was the first person to advocate a new gardening method, which included balance, not simple symmetry; Relatively modest, not showing off; The most revolutionary thing is the curve, not just the straight line. After geometry has ruled for so long, this idea is really revolutionary. In a poem, he also wrote: "Let nature never be forgotten, ask the genius here". In other words, he said, features should be respected and integrated into the design, not erased under the geometry. A garden should include expressing the natural characteristics of nature, not suppressing nature.
Pope has a gardener named William Kent, who looks for inspiration from art, and the inspiration comes from the dramatic paintings of natural scenery that were popular at that time. This means the end of linear rule, as another poet said at that time, which means the need to "show, design students and wave lines to win". This is a very radical idea, which is difficult to understand today. The use of curves and circular outlines has become the style of British landscape architecture. Because an important goal is to create pictures viewed from different angles, it is usually called picturesque. Historians have noticed that women began to play a more important role in society, and men's views softened by introducing more female principles, which led to the softening of the hard edges of early landscapes.
William Kent continues to design many important gardens, but although he has never worked in Stolhead, the gardens there are the epitome of picturesque style. From 1742, Henry Hall cooperated with architect Henry Flickcroft to build a garden that was almost unique at that time. It creates a series of decorative architectural landscapes that change as one walks through the garden-in fact, this is a private grand trip.
The center of storm Hyde Garden is a lake, which was stopped by a stream behind storm's village. Water flowed from the source of storm Hyde River and flooded a small valley. Earth dams and overflow openings can be seen at the end of the lake. A path surrounds the lake, approaching or leaving the lake from the lake, showing a series of different scenery from several favorable angles. The garden looks inward and seldom takes advantage of the wider landscape outside. It is designed as a complete internal experience to stimulate the memory, reflection and thinking of philosophy and life.
The only plant material used is trees. By cleverly planting patches and clustered woodlands, the scenery hides alternately and then suddenly appears. When moving around the lake, with the development of the landscape, there will be a series of surprises. This element of surprise creates a sense of narrative or order for traveling around the lake. Depending on the season, weather and occasion, the tour around the lake may be on foot, horseback riding or carriage.
/kloc-In the early 20th century, azaleas and azaleas were planted, laurel trees and other flowering shrubs were added by Hall's grandson, and when they bloomed, they became the characteristics of the garden. At the end of the 20th century, under considerable controversy, most of these later plants were removed to restore the original appearance and landscape of Hall's design.
The length of the walk around the lake is 1.5 to 2 miles, depending on the route. Hall's intention is to create a series of photos featuring various classical buildings to remind people of his trip in Italy. Friklov designed several temple-like buildings: the Ceres Temple built in 1744; Smaller replicas of the Temple of Hercules and the Pantheon built in 1754; And the temple of Apollo in 1765. There are all kinds of classic figures in these temples, such as Hercules and Flora. Latin inscriptions are usually placed at the entrance. Mastering Latin and Greek, and knowing classics and myths in detail are the main education of gentlemen.
From the house to the other side of the lake, there is a dark path leading to a cave area There are two caves with statues and pools. Grottoes were very popular gardens at that time, and there were grottoes in the gardens of alexander pope. These are the underground world, or unconscious, cool and shady places, which can avoid the hot summer.
Other features include the Great Cross of Bristol, a Gothic spire that is brought from Bristol to gardens, obelisks and Gothic villas or monasteries. This is a small stone house, which can often be found in other gardens of that period. Some homeowners even hired a person to live alone as a hermit, adding interest to the garden trip. Hall doesn't seem to have done so.
In the process of cheering in office, many landlords swept the village out of their manor or moved it away. In Stolhead, the village of Stolton was preserved, and as an obvious feature, it was somewhat beautified. Later, the Palladian Bridge at one end of the lake and the Alfred Tower on the nearby mountain were added. It is said that in 879, Saxon King Alfred the Great camped here before defeating the Danes and uniting the British tribes.
Under the influence of Sourhead, the fashion of landscape architecture swept across Britain. Its main practitioner is Lancelot's "ability" Brown, who developed a formula called improvement, and its style became the only way, informal possibility. He transformed hundreds of manors and created the "appearance" of many large English gardens.
Because Sourhead is such an independent world, its characteristics and activities have also been put forward as the prototype of contemporary theme parks.
Further interpretation of Oliver Garnett's Sourhead Landscape Architecture. This is a guide to the national trust fund.
Scenery and Historic Sites: 17 18 to 1838 British Culture in Stallhead is written by K. woodbridge (1970).
Stolheid has also discussed it in many books about the history of gardens and landscapes.
Practical information Storm Head Garden is located near Mill, Wiltshire. Mill is a small town in the east of Glastonbury, located in the south of Valminster.
The garden is open every day throughout the year, including all holidays except 65438+February 25th. Consult the National Trust for daily business hours, which change with the seasons. International Trust Fund .. /sour head/ number of times of opening/
Related YouTube Video National Trust Fund-Sourhead–1hour documentary