Gafur

Overview

By 27, the Italian light aircraft carrier "garibaldi" will be 22 years old, and will soon

retire from service. The new aircraft carrier just launched in Italy will replace "garibaldi" as the new main battle force of Italy.

when the new ship

Gafur

with the number C552, which started construction in 21 and was launched in Genoa in July 24, entered service in 27, it will become the second-generation main battleship of the Italian navy

that can be used in actual combat. The first generation is the "Giuseppe garibaldi

" aircraft carrier (C551), which started service in 1985. The total length of the ship is only 18 meters, with 55 crew members, and the displacement is only two-thirds of the invincible

class, so it is called the smallest aircraft carrier in the world. Its endurance is 7 nautical miles /2 knots. Its flight deck is straight-through, with a length of 173.8 meters and a width of 3.4 meters. The front end of the deck is tilted up by 6.5 degrees. It can park six AV-8B Harrier II vertical take-off and landing planes or six SH-3D Neptune helicopters. The hangar is located under the flight deck, with a length of 11m, a width of 15m < P > and a height of 6m, with a total area of 1,65m2, and can park 12 AV-8Bs or 12 Neptune.

the displacement of the Italian navy's "garibaldi" aircraft carrier "Count Gafur" is more than twice that of the "Gabodi" class aircraft carrier (the displacement of the "Count Gafur" aircraft carrier is

26, tons, while the displacement of the "garibaldi" class aircraft carrier is 13, tons), and the new aircraft carrier was launched

in 2. The new aircraft carrier is also expected to be < P > used for supporting troops and for the supervision and adjustment of peace-keeping and humanitarian operations.

construction process

on November 22, 2, NAVARM company and Italian pan-ancona shipyard signed the contract for the construction of Italy-Italy national aviation research center. The contract amount is about 1.75 trillion lire, of which

14 billion lire is used for comprehensive logistics support. The Italian navy also actively introduced advanced technology and cooperated with many parties. Many well-known European arms companies are involved: alea Underwater System < P > Company is responsible for developing countermeasures components and launching systems, and French Ship Construction Bureau is responsible for developing classification < P > and tactical software. Marconi Sonar System Company is responsible for the development of underwater acoustic sensors and detection subsystem. As early as the beginning of 1998, the Italian National Defense Commission approved the plan to build a new multi-purpose < P > aircraft carrier. The Italian navy has high expectations for this new aircraft carrier, requiring that the new aircraft carrier

be more advanced than the garibaldi, with a larger operational radius, and be able to take off and land the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) ... However, due to the budget reduction of the Italian navy, the plan of the new aircraft carrier

was forced to be delayed for about one year. Due to the limitation of funds, the size, volume and displacement of the new aircraft carrier have become smaller. For example, the original design length of the ship was 236.5 meters, and now it is less than p>16 meters < P >; The original planned standard displacement was 22,29 tons, and the full-load displacement was 26,66 tons. < P > Now it is also 2 tons less. It was originally planned to equip the middle of the aircraft carrier with a double hull, but now it has also been cancelled < P >; The living room area is also smaller than originally planned.

Gafur's bow has adopted a new method of sectional construction. Two shipyards of Pan-ancona Shipbuilding Company undertake its construction work respectively, one is responsible for the construction of the 7-meter-long bow, and the other is responsible for the construction of the bilge and stern. Later, it moved to outfitting in Genoa, northwest Italy < P >. Even though Italy now has docks and outfitting docks that meet the requirements, with the development of modern science and technology, the improvement of design ability and the enhancement of technological level, more and more countries, including the US Navy, are very willing to use the divisional and segmented construction method when building large and medium-sized warships. This is because, by building

in sections, shipyards don't need to invest too much money to build expensive facilities such as docks and outfitting docks, and some shipyards don't have much lifting capacity, which can meet the lifting requirements of segmented aircraft carrier

hull structures or other combined components. More importantly, the segmented construction can

speed up the construction progress, and can use different sites and multiple groups of people to build at the same time, and quickly assemble and weld them in a shorter time. Sectional and segmented construction also helps to reduce the fatigue of personnel, facilitate over-detailed inspection, improve the construction accuracy, and thus ensure the improvement of overall quality. When

happens, the segmented construction will also bring some disadvantages, such as the requirements of the welded joints between segments are higher than those of other parts, otherwise the overall construction quality will be seriously affected.

carrying AV-8B aircraft, the ship is 244 meters long and 39 meters wide, which can accommodate 1,21 people and has a cruising range of

7, miles. The impressive member of the aircraft carrier "Gafur", Carlo? President Champi of Azeglio said: "Imagine that this ship is stationed in the offshore waters, dealing with emergencies, and forming a fortress of free trade, trading and relations among ethnic groups, which aroused everyone's praise and aroused everyone's respect." The head of state also said that there was no hidden intention to use the aircraft carrier in the Italian navy in the future. Naval forces equipped with aircraft carriers can become commandos for key tasks in European Union military operations.

The new aircraft carrier was named "Gafur" to commemorate Italy's most famous state activist

and Prime Minister-Gafur in the 19th century. During his administration, he devoted himself to the unification movement in Italy, and in p>1861, he ordered the formation of the Royal Navy. It is for this reason that Italian President Ciampi suggested

that the new aircraft carrier be named "Gafur". The navy's naming of the aircraft carrier fully reflects

' s respect for the ancestors of the motherland. In addition, Gafur, in 1861, prepared to create the Board of Directors of Shipping < P >. The host of the launching ceremony of the new ship is the chairman of the Gafur Foundation.

Italian Fen Canteri Shipbuilding Company began to build an aircraft carrier in the summer of 21, which will be completed and delivered to the navy in p>27. When launching, the welding work of the front end of the bow projection will be completed at Muggiano Shipyard in Zia, Raspe, the northwestern Italian city. A tricolor flag of 7 meters was arranged to make up for the lack of a navy coat of arms.

performance

the maximum speed of Gafur aircraft carrier is 28 knots, and it can carry out the air mission of flying

aircraft in harsh windless environment. 7 miles of independence, equivalent to about 18 days of sailing, allows long-distance

away from work. For example, the aircraft carrier can sail to the Persian Gulf with 5% deck fuel (about 33 miles from taranto

).

Gafur is a military ship, but its crew will get a comfortable environment like home. According to the available

cabin capacity, provide high-quality accommodation and high-quality service for each person. Officers and

officers use single rooms or double rooms, and below sergeants use four rooms. The common area is only used by members of the Navy < P > Marine Corps, and is designated for special needs and brief orders.

Gafur can carry and execute all aircraft equipped for naval forces. EH 11, NH

9 and SH 3D helicopters, AV-8B aircraft, not to mention the future F-35 joint combat attack aircraft

. The flight deck extends from the front end of the bow, and the take-off runway is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ship and the sloping deck (ejection springboard), thus ensuring the possibility of taking off when the aircraft is under maximum load.

hangars are evenly distributed to accommodate 12 helicopters or 8 fighters. The transportation between the hangar and the flight

deck is completed by two 3-ton elevators, and two 15-ton elevators are used to transport

ammunition. It uses an all-pass flight deck, the bow of which is equipped with a skid board, and there are six straight lift landing areas on the deck, which can take off and land EH-11 medium-sized helicopters; The main features of the flight deck are:

22m x 34m (6,8m2), the take-off lane is 18m long and 14m wide, the slope deck

has an inclination of 12, there is a synthetic aperture radar platform protruding out, and the parking area for 8 aircraft

is located beside the runway, which can park 12 helicopters EH-11 or 8 AV-8B/.

the most striking feature of the superstructure is its high operational flexibility. It can perform all

functions of an aircraft carrier, and can also transport wheeled vehicles and tracked vehicles for military or civilian use. The hangar is

134 meters long and 21 meters wide, about 2,5 square meters. Can be partially or completely used for carrying wheeled vehicles or tracked vehicles. Commando members are transported by air, and troops and air operations are deployed according to the overall use of the loadable cabin. Vehicles that can be carried include:

1 light vehicles (off-road vehicles VM) (bridges over 522 linear meters) or 5 communication vehicles (amphibious crawler landing vehicles 7,8 large armored wheeled or tracked vehicles VCC

Dart) (bridges over 423 linear meters) or 24 heavy vehicles (6 tons of main battle tanks) (super

). The ship can also carry four LCVP large-scale landing craft, and there are two 6-ton ro-ro springboard on the stern and side of the ship, which can be loaded and unloaded quickly. It can be said that the ship has < P > extraordinary amphibious combat capability.

the ship's weak point is its fire defense capability, which has been listed as the key content to be solved.

In fact, the maturity of technological innovation in military and civil airports in the next few years has been evaluated

. The ship is divided into seven areas and equipped with a set of computer system to assist decision-making in case of emergency. The ship has selected anti-smoke concealed equipment, new standard breathable air station and relevant collector ring that can be filled with < P >, and sensitive intelligent smoke detection, which are used for the internal safety protection service of the basic equipment that is located in the off position, accessible and important.

the carrier aircraft landed on the ship, and the ship was also equipped with all necessary air pollution treatment (NBC, nuclear pollution, fine bacteria pollution and chemical pollution) systems and equipment. A set of degaussing < P > system installed to eliminate the magnetic field around the ship has completely realized automatic operation, so as to reduce the magnetic change generated by the ship itself and reduce the risk of mine attack.

In addition, the ship's other functional features include a hospital with three wards, monitoring patients in the hospital, X-ray and CT equipment, a dental clinic and a laboratory.

Gafur aircraft carrier is a SAAM/IT missile system developed by Eurosam, a European aerospace entity.

It is equipped with two "Sylver" eight-unit vertical launch systems to launch the Aster 15 missile, which is a key component of the Italian ship-to-air/anti-missile naval defense system. The warhead of Aster

15 missile weighs 13kg and has a range of 3km. The missile adopts data satellite link and active < P > radar self-seeking inertial navigation. In order to improve the maneuverability in the terminal guidance phase, the missile uses a direct thrust control system called "PIF-PAF".

the main detector of p>SAAM/IT missile system is empar g-band multifunctional phased array radar of Selex system integration company (formerly Alenia Marconi system company

), and at the same time

it completes monitoring, tracking and armed control tasks. In December 22, SAAM/IT missile system fired missiles from ships for the first time.

the ship is also equipped with two otomelara 76mm hypervelocity guns and three 25mm air defense guns.

combat system

aircraft elevator Selex system integration company is the main contractor of Gafur aircraft carrier combat system, and

it is responsible for completing the combat subsystems including RAN 4L three-coordinate D-band remote monitoring radar, RASS RASS 3X/

I shipborne radar, warning radar and friend-or-foe identification navigation system. Other

suppliers of combat systems include Elettronica, Galileo and Ot

o Melara.

Other combat systems include: mine detection sonar, two radar electro-optical fire control systems and an infrared search and tracking system of Galileo aviation SASS (Silent Target Search and Surveillance System).

defense system

the ship is equipped with two 2-barrel Oto

Melara/Selex SCLAR-H decoy rocket launchers suitable for 15mm or 118mm multi-purpose rockets. SCLAR-H is equipped with automatic soft kill < P > death protection to defend against the missile threat caused by the interference of enemy detection equipment before missile launch; To

and resist the bait of missile homing system during missile flight and target illumination.

The aircraft carrier Gafur is also equipped with two SLAT torpedo counter systems.

SLAT torpedo countermeasure system has been developed by EUROSLAT, which

consists of Italian WASS company, DCN company and Thales underwater television camera system company

.

electronic countermeasures (EMC) and electronic support countermeasures (ESM) systems have not been specifically described.

other names

the NUM aircraft carrier originally planned is going to use Luigi? Named after Einaudi, Luigi? Einaudi

was an Italian politician, and was the first

president of Italy from 1948 to 1955. Graduated from the University of Turin in 1895, Enaudi contributed economic articles to the authoritative newspaper "News Post < P >" in Turin. He is a very concerned economist. He has been a member of

Partito Liberale Italiano for life since 1919. In 1924, he became an opponent of fascism. Before 1943, Luigi? Inaudi has been teaching at the University of Turin. From

19 to 1935, his articles were also published in the Evening Post and Riforma

Social, during which he became the director in 198. On September 8, 1943, because of the occupation of

German army, Enaudi abandoned Turin and fled to Switzerland.

It is reported that NUM once wanted to use Andrea? Named after doria. Andrea? Doria was an admiral

Noyes and a politician. He was born in Neglia in 1468 and died in Genoa in p>156. Andrea? Doria's active and adventurous life made him one of the most important figures in Europe in the 16th century.