Born in an official family, he once served as Le 'an County Magistrate, Lanshan County Magistrate, Qianshan County Magistrate and Chuzhou Magistrate. When you are an official, you are "benevolent." Later, he was dismissed for false accusation. After he became an official, he borrowed a garden in Nanjing, became the owner of the garden in his own name, and often went to Yangzhou to sell paintings. Have contacts with Li Shan, Jin Nong and Zheng Xie. Specializing in poetry, calligraphy and painting, good at plum, orchid, bamboo, chrysanthemum, pine and fish. He pays attention to the tradition of learning from nature and can be unique. His brushwork is vigorous, his knife method is simple and vivid.
It is listed as one of the eight eccentrics in Yangzhou. There are handed down "Wind Bamboo Map", "Fish Tour Map" and "Meme Map". The author of Plum Blossom House Poetry. He is good at drawing pines, bamboos, orchids, chrysanthemums, plums, miscellaneous flowers, insects and fish, and is also good at drawing figures and landscapes, especially plums. The works are free and unconstrained, full of ink and brush, careless and informal, which is intended to be between Ivy League, Bai Yang and Zhu Han.
Plum paintings are famous for their thin and hard stems and new branches, and their sides are curved. "Plum blossom means" is printed in the user's room, and the famous poem Shi Mei has a sentence "Don't blame for being frustrated". I also like to draw pine and bamboo in the strong wind. The work "Shi Neng" was edited by later generations, and there were only 26 poems, mostly scattered in paintings.
2. Chen Shigong (1555 ~ 1636) was a surgeon in Ming Dynasty in China. Xu Ruo was born in the thirty-fourth year of Jiajing (A.D. 1555) and died in the fifth year of Chongzhen (A.D. 1636) at the age of eighty. Jiangsu Donghai (now Nantong City) people. Chen Shigong has been engaged in surgical work for more than 40 years, cured a variety of intractable diseases and accumulated rich experience in treating diseases.
At that time, in feudal society, people paid more attention to internal medicine and despised surgery, because surgical medicine lacked detailed basic theory compared with internal medicine. Chen Shigong has deeply realized this point in his usual medical practice.
In order to make more people pay attention to surgical medicine and let more practitioners master methods and skills, regardless of his frailty in his later years, he wrote an important surgical medical work Authentic Surgery in the forty-five years of the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 16 17), which is a concentrated expression of his academic thoughts.
The book has more than 200,000 words and is divided into four volumes. From the source and diagnosis of pain to the most common diseases in surgery, from the etiology to clinical symptoms and characteristics, as well as the treatment methods of various diseases, indications and contraindications of surgery, from the morphology of various diseases to the composition of drugs, a detailed discussion was made.
Among them, there are many discussions about skin diseases and tumors. Regarding the disease of tumor, Chen Shigong believes that only by finding the tumor early can we find out the source of the disease, so as to treat it as soon as possible, and there may be a glimmer of hope for cure. In addition, lymphatic metastasis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma encountered in modern medicine are also discussed.
These studies and explorations are very precious, and they have certain enlightenment to modern clinical treatment. This book summarizes the experience of effective surgical treatment since the Tang Dynasty. Scientific and incisive, which can fully represent the great achievements of surgical medicine in Ming Dynasty in China, has high learning and research value.
Among them, the treatment and repair of mandibular dislocation completely meet the requirements of modern medicine and have been used ever since. After the publication of Authentic Surgery, it was widely circulated and spread to Japan and other countries. Over the past 300 years, there have been more than 50 versions, which have become classic works of Chinese medicine surgery.
3. Mao Xiang (16 1 1 April 27th-1693 12 February 3rd1), a writer in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, was born in Yangzhou, South Zhili. In the thirty-second year of Kangxi, he died at the age of eighty and married Mr. Xiao Gan privately.
Mao Xiang created a large number of works handed down from generation to generation in his life, including Poems of Park Chao, Poems of Yicha, Poems of Shuihui Garden, Memories Temple, Lonely Story of Han Bi, Poems of Sixty Years' Teachers and Friends, etc. Among them, The Memories of Mei Ying 'an is 4000 words, which recalls the touching love life between him and Dong Xiaowan, and is the originator of China's recollection.
Mao Xiang created a large number of works in his life, such as Pre-Historical Records, Poems of Park Chao, Poems of Shuihui Garden, Memories of Mei Ying 'an, Lonely Poems of Han Bi, Poems Friends of Sixty Years, etc. Among them, The Memories of Mei Ying 'an is 4000 words, which recalls the touching love life between him and Dong Xiaowan, and is the originator of China's recollection.
The mammoth returns to Hubei, Qiao Singing, Landscape and Let Go are now in the Tiandu Building in Jinling.
4. Hu Yuan (993 ~ 1059) wing. China Northern Song Dynasty scholar. Pioneer of Neo-Confucianism, thinker and educator. Because he lives in Andingbao, Shaanxi Road, he is called Mr. Anding. From two years to the first year of Jiayou, he gave lectures at Taizi Zhongshe, Guanglu Temple Cheng and Tianzhangge.
Hu Yuan has been engaged in education all his life. He has taught in Taizhou, Suzhou Lake and imperial academy, Shi Jing for about 30 years, educated thousands of educatees and made great contributions to education.
Hu Yuan's educational thoughts and teaching methods are very distinctive and pioneering, and he is worthy of being a great master. His educational theory and achievements in educational practice have stood the test of a thousand years' history and are still shining. To sum up, there are roughly the following eight aspects:
Hu Yuan made it very clear at the beginning of "Records of Songzi County": "People who govern the world are talents, people who become talents in the world are educated, and people who educate are in schools." Starting from the political goal of "ruling the world", he revealed the internal relationship among talents, education and schools, and put forward his own unique views:
Hu Yuan believes that the key to governing a country well lies in talents, and talents should be cultivated through education. In his view, "learning from Confucianism" is to manage and engage in education with Confucius and Mencius; Second, popularize people's education; Third, local governors should run schools.
In feudal society, the people had no right, and the internal supervision mechanism of feudal regime was nominal. The political morality and cultural quality of officials at all levels are closely related to the quality of officials' management and the weight of people's burden. Cultivating real talents is of practical significance to the long-term stability of feudal society.
At the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, education was not prosperous and customs faded. At that time, the imperial examination system advocated flashy temperament and borrowed poetry. There was a general atmosphere of "striving for profit" in society, which ignored "education" and emphasized "taking scholars", and no schools were established in various places. In order to cultivate truly qualified talents for governing the country, Hu Yuan thought it necessary to establish a school of "diligent learning and practical learning", which was of progressive significance at that time.
5. Lv Dai (16 1-256) was born in Guangling Hailing (now Rugao, Jiangsu). During the Three Kingdoms period, Wu was an important minister and general.
Lv Dai, a county official, went to the south to avoid chaos. Appreciated by Sun Quan, he became an official of Sun Shi regime. In the 16th year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), together with Jiang Qin and others, he led the troops to quell the rebellion of Lu and Qin wolves and was awarded the corps commander Zhao Xin. In the 20th year of Jian 'an (2 15), Sun Quan marched into the third county of Changsha, defeated Ancheng and other four counties, and successfully settled the three counties. Later, Wu Miao and Longyuan rebelled and were promoted to Luling County.
In the first year of Yankang (220), Buzhi was appointed as the secretariat of Jiaozhou, which put down Wang Jin's rebellion between Guiyang and Mianyang, and was promoted to General Annan and Jiedu, and was appointed as the township head. In the fifth year of Huang Wu (226), Shi Hui rebellion was pacified, Lingnan was controlled, and Panyu Hou was sealed.
When he was the secretariat of Jiaozhou, he sent officials to "declare the country south" many times, and sent envoys to "Southwest" (Nanyang Islands) and many countries in Southeast Asia today, so that Fu Nan, Tang Ming and other countries sent envoys to pay tribute to Wu.
In the second year of Chiwu (239), he succeeded Pan Zhuo in handling official documents in Jingzhou and was in charge of Puyin with Lu Xun in Wuchang. After Lu Xun's death, Wuchang was divided into two, and Lv Dai led the right and was promoted to general. After Sun Liang abolished the emperor, he was promoted to Fu.
Lv Dai devoted his life to public welfare and made great contributions to Sun Wu. In the first year of Taiping (256), Lv Dai died at the age of 96.