The specific content of the 2007 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology is the discovery of the principle of using embryonic stem cells to introduce specific genetic modifications. The research direction is to use embryonic stem cells to introduce specific genetic modifications; the relationship with biochemistry and cell biology is to enable human beings to

Fully understand human genes.

The specific content of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology is the discovery of the human papilloma virus that causes cervical cancer and the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus. The research direction is the discovery of viruses; the relationship with biochemistry and cell biology is to make people aware of

Virus.

The 2007 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology was won by three medical scientists, Mario Capecchi, Martin Evans, and Oliver Smith, for their discovery of the principle of introducing specific genetic modifications using embryonic stem cells.

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The 2008 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology was won by three medical scientists, Harald Zur Hausen, Fran?oise Bar-Sinoussi, and Luc Montagny, for their discoveries leading to

Cervical cancer is caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is found in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was established according to the will of the late Swedish chemist Alfred Nobel to recognize outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine in the previous year.

The Nobel Prize is an award provided by the fund established by Nobel's will and is selected by four institutions every year.

It was first awarded on December 10, 1901, the fifth anniversary of Nobel's death.

In his will, Nobel stipulated that the prize should be awarded to "the person who has made the greatest contribution to mankind during the previous year" in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace.