First, the main contents of the project review and defense. The project evaluation adheres to the principles of scientificity, advancement and feasibility, and adopts quantitative evaluation indicators or a method combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Knowing the content of project review defense can make the defense targeted, focused, foster strengths and avoid weaknesses, and improve the pass rate of defense. The main contents and indicators of project review and defense can be divided into: 1. Whether the basis for setting the topic is sufficient; 2. Whether the research is significant or universal, and whether the application prospect is broad; 3. Whether the analysis of domestic and international research status is clear; 4. Whether the project design is scientific and the technical route is clear; 5. Whether the starting point of innovation belongs to the advanced level at home and abroad or the general level; 6. Whether the academic ideas are clear and whether the academic viewpoints are novel; 7. The research method is advanced, novel or general; 8. Whether the expected research results are expected to win prizes; 9. Whether the working conditions are available and whether the task can be completed; 10. Whether the applicant's research ability, team structure, technical level, time and arrangement meet the project requirements; 1 1. Whether the budget is appropriate and reasonable. The preparatory work before the defense mainly includes the following points: (1) In-depth novelty retrieval, further understanding of the current situation of this project at home and abroad, further novelty retrieval on the basis of the original project, understanding which problems have been solved and which problems have not been solved within the scope of this topic, what is the current situation, level and development trend at home and abroad, what technologies and ways to solve problems should be adopted, and what scientific value, social benefits and economic benefits are there, so as to provide sufficient materials and economic benefits for the defense of this topic. For some unsolved problems after novelty retrieval, you can send a letter to your brother units or experts for investigation. Only by fully grasping the first-hand information related to defense can we establish the defense objectives and formulate a reasonable defense plan. (2) As we all know, the innovation and advantages of this project should conform to the principles of innovation, scientificity, progressiveness, necessity, feasibility and efficiency, which is related to whether the level of the project is at a high starting point, whether it has high quality, whether it meets social needs and whether it can produce greater benefits. The innovation of the subject is the life of the project. When preparing materials, we should focus on the innovation and advantages of the topic, clarify and master the innovation and advantages of the topic, and be aware of it when defending. (three) the defense report, the content should focus on scientific research topics. To solve a scientific and technological problem, we should draw up specific objectives, design implementation plans and methods and measures, complete the resource conditions (human, financial and material) needed for the topic selection, and make a good design plan. On the basis of fully preparing the text, report the topic according to the review content and the defense reporting procedure. Reports should be as focused, easy to understand, concise, meaningful, reasonable, detailed and flexible as possible. You can refer to the following skills when reporting and replying: 1. Get to the point, highlighting the topic theme is innovation, which is the most novel viewpoint and view. Going straight to the point can make the finishing point, and it is also the place that can impress the judges the most. The theme may be a new technical route or a new experimental method. 2. Quote the classics and conduct multi-party argumentation around the theme. The respondent should consult the materials and study the literature. Only by reading extensively and deeply understanding the theme of the defense can we write and tell profound content, so that the judges can recognize it after listening to the defense and finally pass the defense. Of course, due to time constraints, multi-party arguments should be arranged as a whole, with key and in-depth references. 3. Improving the starting point, thinking ahead and setting up a research topic are the basic requirements of scientific research level, and content innovation is the fundamental condition for setting up a scientific research topic. Forward thinking is innovation, which is manifested in the topics that have not been studied by predecessors or others, the further development, supplement or revision of the topics that have been studied by predecessors or others, and the innovative research that combines the new progress of foreign science and technology with the reality of China to fill the gaps in China. 4. Scientific comparison, the most effective way to show strength and enhance persuasiveness is to compare with examples or data to give the judges a clear impression. The types of comparison include technical measures comparison, technical route comparison, technical strength comparison, digital comparison, quality comparison and function comparison. Only scientific comparison can show the level, stimulate the imagination of the judges and win the recognition of the subject defense. Practice has proved that the same scene, the same judge, due to different defense skills, its effect may be very different. Therefore, only by mastering the skills of topic defense can we ensure the smooth passage of topic defense.