Viewpoint: The four main points of the fixed investment plan will give you the answer in the article.
Some time ago, some users asked me if Ruiding Investment could be sold, saying that she had encountered some unexpected situations and needed the money in the near future.
In this case, I suggested that she look at the status of the fund account. If it is profitable, it is nothing more than earning less, and selling has little effect. But if it is a loss and it has to be sold, it will change from a floating loss to a real loss.
Because the market is at a low point at present, the floating loss will definitely come back in the long run, but the real loss will not come back, which is a pity.
If you don't want to be disturbed by unexpected situations, the best solution is to make a plan before buying a fund.
So how to make a fixed investment plan?
For a long time, the most frequently asked question about the fund's fixed investment is: "How to build a position, when to add a position, and when to make a profit?" In fact, these are all important parts of the fixed investment plan.
Although the fixed investment plan varies from person to person, there is no one-size-fits-all action, but in general, the following four points can be summarized:
1 First, we need to know his investment risk preference.
How did you know? There is a way.
When we buy a fund for the first time, we need to fill in a "risk assessment" on any platform, and then you can know what kind of risk preference you have.
Generally speaking, risk preference can be divided into four categories from low to high: conservative, steady, enterprising and radical. The more aggressive investors are, the higher the risk they can bear.
There is a saying in the stock market: seven losses, two draws and one gain, indicating that most people in the stock market are losing money. Therefore, whether it is a fund or a stock, I hope that everyone will not concentrate on pursuing high returns, but learn to "protect capital" first, apply investment knowledge to practice, and invest within their own capabilities.
2. Determine the amount of funds that can be fixed.
The fixed investment here refers to the "total fixed investment".
This must be clear, just like a soldier going out to fight and knowing how many weapons he has. We often refer to the money invested as our own "bullets", so you must know which "bullets" you can control. In this way, when making investment decisions, we can have surplus grain in our hands and not panic in our hearts.
The money invested by the fund must be money you can't use up in 2-3 years, that is to say, even if the money is wasted temporarily, it won't have any impact on your life.
In short, it can be a part of your savings for many years or 30%-50% of the remaining funds every month, rather than the money that may be used for emergency at any time.
The example at the beginning of the article is that I didn't sort out my investable funds, which caused the mismatch of investment liquidity. In other words, all the money that is not used for the time being is invested, leaving no emergency funds, which is likely to cause losses.
3. It is necessary to have a good rhythm of opening positions, making fixed investment and adding positions.
When we know how much money we can make a fixed investment, we can choose a fixed investment method that suits us. Generally, there are two types: "Jiancang+Fixed Investment" and "Direct Fixed Investment".
Let's take a look at the way of "opening positions+fixed investment": in the first step, you can take out about 30% of the total amount to open positions; The second step is to set a fixed investment date, and the rest of the money will be invested monthly or weekly. According to the past data, there is little difference between weekly investment and monthly investment, so you can choose according to your actual situation.
If you plan to adopt the method of "direct fixed investment", that is to say, you can start weekly investment and monthly investment directly without opening a position.
It should be noted here that no matter which method is adopted for fixed investment, after the date and amount of fixed investment are determined, as long as the P/E ratio of the fund is within a reasonable range, it is necessary to insist on fixed investment.
For example, students who make a monthly fixed investment can set the fixed investment time on the second day after the monthly salary is paid; Students who vote for the week can refer to our small experiment and make a fixed investment every Wednesday to avoid the problem of tangled time.
Let's talk about when to add positions, how to add positions, and what are the methods of adding positions.
In fact, there is no conflict between jiacang and fixed investment. Adding positions means that when there is a "black swan" incident or other unexpected situations in the market, you can buy in batches. Otherwise, just invest normally.
Moreover, there is no need to prepare an extra sum of money for adding positions, and the money for adding positions is also included in the total amount mentioned in our second point. So how do you specifically arrange the amount of additional positions?
First of all, if you want to increase your position, you should be prepared to imagine how much it may fall in extreme cases, how much it will rise when the bull market comes, and how to deal with it so as not to be at a loss.
Secondly, my suggestion is to plan in advance which money will be used to add positions, such as 20% of the total amount, and then divide the money into 5- 10 shares, and add one share every time there is a big drop.
The first method is to increase the position with reference to the index. For example, the current Shanghai Composite Index is 3,000 points, and you predict that it will fall to 2,400 points at most (the lowest Shanghai Composite Index in recent years is 2,440 points). So you can divide the money for adding positions into six parts, and add positions once every fall 100.
Another method is to refer to the account yield and increase the position at the time of loss. For example, -3%, -6% and -9%, the more you lose, the more money you can add.
However, no matter which method you use to add positions, you should pay attention to the interval of adding positions, which is generally more than 10 days.
4. Choose the appropriate profit-taking method
Knowing how to buy is only half of the investment, and knowing how to sell is more important.
Generally speaking, there are three ways to make a profit:
The first type: target take profit. For example, when the profit/kloc is-0/0% or 20%, the profit rate can be set by itself, the small principal can be set higher, and the large principal can be set lower. The "take profit point" varies from person to person, and everyone can choose according to their actual situation. This profit-taking method is usually used in a bear market.
The second type: valuation take profit. You can refer to the reasonable valuation interval given by Chopin's daily valuation data. When the fund's valuation of the underlying index reaches the upper limit of the reasonable range, it can start to take profits, and when the upper limit is 10%, it will all take profits.
The third type: the bull market takes profits. There are two methods here: one is "moving average method" and the other is "descending proportion method". The "moving average method" is to select a moving average line. For example, once the index falls below the 60-day line, it will be resolutely sold. The "falling ratio method" is to determine a "falling ratio" first, assuming 8%. Once the index falls more than 8% from the highest point, it will be resolutely sold. Please note that the ratio of 8% is not fixed, and it can also be 10% and 15%. The specific proportion varies from person to person according to your risk tolerance.
For example, the P/E ratio of CSI 500 Index has exceeded the reasonable range. You want to sell it, but you are worried about selling it too early. You can make a plan. If you think it may increase by 20% in the future, you can sell it for half now. If it goes up by 10%, it can be sold for another quarter. If it goes up by 10%, all the rest can be sold.
Of course, these profit-taking methods can also be used together.
Finally, we can optimize our fixed investment plan regularly, because the plan is not static, and you can optimize it every once in a while according to the actual situation.
This article turns to Bin Xu to talk about investment.