As a kind of official document style, the content of the opinion involves major and urgent problems in real work, and it should be fully demonstrated. The following is a sample essay on official documents that I have compiled and recommended for you, for reference only.
Model essay 1 on official documents
In order to accelerate the transformation of government functions, encourage and guide social investment, and improve the supply capacity and efficiency of public products and services, According to "Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Innovating Investment and Financing Mechanism in Key Areas to Encourage Social Investment" (Guo Fa [2 _] No.6), "Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Guiding Opinions of the People's Bank of the Development and Reform Commission of the Ministry of Finance on Promoting the Cooperation Mode of Government and Social Capital in the Public Service Field" (Guo Ban Fa [2 _] No.42) and the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance and other departments on promoting the cooperation between government and social capital (public? PrivatePartnership (hereinafter referred to as "PPP") mode, we now put forward the following implementation opinions on promoting the cooperation mode between government and social capital in this city:
1. Basic principles
(1) Transforming functions and equal cooperation
Firmly establish equality consciousness and cooperation concept, clarify the boundary between government and market, and promote the division of labor and cooperation between government and social capital. The government is responsible for policy formulation, development planning, market supervision and guidance services, and social capital undertakes project construction, operation and maintenance. The government has changed from a direct provider of public products to a collaborator of social capital and a supervisor of PPP projects.
(II) Risk sharing and benefit sharing
In principle, commercial risks such as project design, construction and operation shall be borne by social capital, legal and policy adjustment and minimum demand risks shall be borne by the government, and force majeure risks such as natural disasters shall be borne by both parties. On the premise of satisfying public welfare functions or services, a reasonable return on investment mechanism should be established by granting franchise rights, verifying price and fee standards and reasonable financial subsidies. To strengthen project cost monitoring, we should not only fully mobilize the enthusiasm of social capital, but also prevent unreasonable profit-making or interest transfer.
(III) Compliance with laws and regulations, openness and transparency
Establish a contractual concept, adhere to mutual benefit and strict performance. Incorporate the cooperation between government and social capital into the legal track, establish and improve the institutional system, protect the legitimate rights and interests of all parties involved, clarify the requirements of life cycle management, and ensure the standardized implementation of the project. Implement sunshine operation, improve system design in project selection, scheme review, partner determination, price management, exit mechanism, performance evaluation, etc., to ensure scientific decision-making, standardized procedures, open process and clear responsibilities in project implementation. Fully disclose important information of government and social capital cooperation projects in accordance with the law, protect the public's right to know, and form effective supervision and restraint on all parties involved.
(4) Scientific evaluation and public benefit
When selecting a project, we should fully evaluate and demonstrate it, and make a comparative analysis with the traditional direct construction and operation mode of the government, so as to ensure that after adopting the PPP mode, the government's policy objectives, social objectives, operational efficiency and technological progress of social capital can be organically combined, which can obviously improve service quality and efficiency, reduce project cost or user cost, promote competition and innovation of social capital, and realize public interests.
(V) Ability demonstration, doing according to one's ability
For projects that the government contributes, pays or provides financial subsidies, and undertakes or has expenditure responsibilities, it is necessary to do a good job in demonstrating the financial affordability. When defining the project income and risk sharing mechanism, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the government's risk transfer intention, payment method and market risk management ability, and do according to one's ability to reduce the unnecessary financial burden of the government.
(6) Pilot and steadily push forward
Encourage the competent departments of the industry to adjust measures to local conditions and explore modes that meet the characteristics of the industry. Priority is given to some projects with transparent pricing mechanism, relatively large investment scale, flexible price adjustment mechanism, relatively high degree of marketization, long-term stable demand and certain cash flow, and they will be gradually and comprehensively promoted on the basis of summing up the pilot experience.
II. Basic Framework
(I) Scope of Application
The PPP model is mainly applicable to public services and infrastructure projects that the government has the responsibility to provide and are suitable for market-oriented operation. Among them, franchising projects in energy, transportation, water conservancy, environmental protection, municipal engineering and other infrastructure and public undertakings shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state and this Municipality.
(II) Mode of operation
1. For newly-built business projects with clear charging basis and user fees that can completely cover the investment cost, the government can grant franchise rights and adopt the modes of construction-operation-transfer, construction-ownership-operation-transfer, etc. to actively promote the natural monopoly industries to gradually implement franchise.
2. For the newly-built quasi-business projects whose users' fees are not enough to cover the investment cost, and some funds or resources need to be subsidized by the government, we can adopt the modes of build-operate-transfer, build-own-operate, etc. through measures such as granting franchise by the government plus some subsidies or directly investing in shares.
3. according to the actual situation of the project, the completed infrastructure or existing public services can be promoted by commissioning operation, transfer-operation-transfer, reconstruction-operation-transfer and management contract.
encourage pilot projects in infrastructure and public utilities, encourage new projects and completed projects to advance simultaneously, and encourage innovation in the operation mode of PPP projects.
(III) Implementation Procedures
The relevant industry authorities are responsible for the promotion of PPP projects. The industry authorities are responsible for the preliminary demonstration and implementation plan of PPP projects, and the relevant expenses are included in the annual budget. The development and reform department and the financial department take the lead, and jointly with the housing and urban-rural construction management, land and resources planning, environmental protection and industry authorities, etc. according to their respective responsibilities, conduct a joint preliminary review of the implementation plan, among which: the development and reform department takes the lead in reviewing the industry access and project feasibility of the project; The financial department takes the lead in the value-for-money evaluation of the project and the demonstration of financial affordability. The government at the same level reviews the implementation plan of PPP project. After the implementation plan of PPP project is approved, the competent department of the industry or the unit authorized by the government is responsible for partner selection, project contract signing, project implementation, process supervision and project acceptance.
(IV) Implementation plan
The implementation plan of PPP project mainly includes: partner selection method, project investment plan and financing plan, project preliminary work, construction and operation method, capital investment method, income and return, project handover, force majeure and legal change, contract cancellation, liability for breach of contract, dispute resolution method, and other matters that each party thinks should be agreed upon. At the same time, the implementation plan should clarify the core issues such as economic and technical indicators, business service standards, investment budget composition, investment return mode, price mechanism and financial subsidies.
(V) Partner Selection
After the PPP project implementation plan is reviewed and approved, the competent department of the industry or the unit authorized by the government will comprehensively evaluate the project in accordance with the Bidding Law of the People's Republic of China, the Procurement Law of the People's Republic of China and relevant regulations, and the principles of "openness, fairness, impartiality, merit-based and high efficiency".
(VI) Responsibility for performance
The PPP project contract is signed with the partner by the competent department of the industry or the unit authorized by the government. By the competent department of the industry or government authorized units in conjunction with relevant departments according to the characteristics of the industry, research and put forward the contract model. The model contract refers to the Guiding Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission on the Cooperation between Government and Social Capital (No.2724 [2 _] of the Development and Reform Commission) and the General Contract Guide for Cooperation Projects between Government and Social Capital (2__ version), and the Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Printing and Distributing the Operation Guide for Cooperation Mode between Government and Social Capital (for Trial Implementation) (No.113 of Caijin [2 _]) In the contract, the responsibilities, rights and obligations of both parties should be clearly stipulated, and prohibitive clauses should be added, such as not promising fixed returns and government guarantees.
(VII) Return mechanism
PPP mode is a life-cycle cooperative relationship established in the fields of infrastructure and public services, and social capital obtains a reasonable return on investment through user fees and necessary government subsidies. The return mechanism follows the principles of reasonable income sharing, reasonable risk sharing, and practical consideration of reasonable income of social capital.
(VIII) Price mechanism
In accordance with the principle of "cost compensation, reasonable income, resource conservation and social affordability", strengthen the supervision and examination of investment and service costs. Actively promote the price reform in the field of public services, and speed up the rationalization of the price mechanism of public services. According to the project operation and performance evaluation results, improve the public service price adjustment mechanism. Industry authorities should speed up the formulation of industry cost regulation, continuously strengthen management, clearly define the content, standard and scope of enterprise cost expenditure, and straighten out the working mechanism and evaluation procedure of cost regulation. Improve the cost supervision and examination system, further clarify the composition items, verification methods and standards of pricing costs in various fields, improve the system and procedures of pricing, price adjustment supervision and examination and regular supervision and examination, timely disclose information such as cost changes and public service quality in project operation, and improve the transparency of pricing and price adjustment.
(IX) Supervision System
The competent authorities of the industry should formulate industrial technical standards and technical specifications for public products or services in different fields, and strengthen the quality supervision of public products or services. Establish a life-cycle performance management mechanism that sets performance goals in advance, tracks performance during the event, and evaluates performance afterwards. In accordance with the requirements of keeping promises in good faith, strengthen the construction of credit system, strengthen the self-discipline of social capital, establish an independent, transparent, accountable and professional PPP project supervision system, and form a supervision mechanism with the participation of government supervision departments, investors and the public.
(X) Exit mechanism
Establish the concept of equal consultation, share the project risks reasonably according to the principle of equal rights and responsibilities, and improve the dispute resolution and risk prevention mechanism. When designing the terms of the contract, it is necessary to clarify the key contents and exit paths such as exit arrangement, emergency and temporary takeover plan. In case of force majeure or breach of contract leading to early termination of the project, the competent department of industry or relevant units should take over in time to ensure the continuous operation of the project facilities and ensure that the interests of the public are not infringed. If one party constitutes a breach of contract, the breaching party shall bear the liability for breach of contract. After the project cooperation, the competent department of industry or relevant units should take over the work and properly handle the related matters such as asset handover.
iii. Safeguard measures
(1) Establishing a coordinated promotion mechanism for PPP projects
Led by the development and reform and financial departments, the coordinated promotion mechanism for PPP projects will be established in conjunction with the departments in charge of housing and urban construction management, planning of land and resources, environmental protection and industry, so as to ensure the implementation of various policies and measures and ensure the smooth promotion of PPP projects in this city. According to the characteristics of "two levels of government and hierarchical management" in this city, each region can formulate its own PPP project management measures in light of local conditions. Municipal industry authorities should supervise PPP projects before, during and after the event according to their respective functions, and do a good job in guiding various regions.
(II) Standardize supporting measures for PPP projects
Accelerate the establishment of supporting systems for promoting PPP projects in this Municipality, and timely study and issue supporting documents such as operating rules, performance evaluation management methods, project operation, supervision and exit management methods of this Municipality according to the actual situation, so as to strengthen project risk control and ensure the standardized and orderly operation of PPP work. Implement a diversified land supply policy to ensure the construction land of PPP projects. For projects that meet the catalogue of allocated land, land can be provided in accordance with the allocation method, and the allocated land shall not change the land use.
(III) Innovative financial support policies for PPP projects
Actively carry out research on diversification of construction funds and innovate financial services. All financial institutions should give full play to their policy-oriented functions, improve the level of financial services and provide financial support for PPP projects. In accordance with the principle of market-oriented operation, specialized cooperative institutions are introduced to attract social security funds, insurance funds and other social capital to participate in PPP project construction. Support PPP projects to raise construction funds by means of debt financing tools such as corporate bonds, project income bonds, corporate bonds and medium-term notes. Innovate credit services, study and develop innovative loan businesses such as charging rights, franchise rights, expected income from government purchase service agreements, and pledge loans for collective land contractual management rights, and guide financial institutions to increase credit support for social capital to participate in projects.
(IV) Strengthen the construction of PPP project implementation capacity
Pay attention to cultivating and introducing high-level professionals for PPP project implementation, do a good job in theoretical research and case analysis of PPP mode, organize various PPP project business training, and guide government departments and enterprise-related personnel to be familiar with the key points of the whole management process such as operation mode, operation flow and risk prevention and control of PPP projects. Introduce third-party forces, actively purchase intermediary services such as consulting, law and accounting, and strengthen the capacity building of PPP projects in this city. Actively build an information platform, build a PPP project repository and expert database, and improve the implementation level of PPP projects. At the same time, relying on the construction of the city's public credit information service platform, establish a credit list system for PPP projects, record the untrustworthy behaviors of relevant units and individuals during the implementation of PPP projects, and announce them to the public, so as to form a good environment for promoting PPP mode.
PPP is an important measure to innovate the investment and financing mechanism in key areas, which plays an important role in stabilizing growth, promoting reform, restructuring, benefiting people's livelihood and preventing risks. All regions, departments and units should proceed from the overall situation, further raise awareness, strengthen organizational leadership, improve working mechanism, earnestly perform their duties, and do a good job in overall planning, comprehensive coordination and implementation of PPP projects, so as to play a key role in investment in economic growth. The Municipal Development and Reform Commission and the Municipal Finance Bureau shall, jointly with relevant departments, strengthen supervision, inspection and follow-up analysis on the implementation of these opinions, and report major issues to the municipal government in a timely manner.
model essay 2 on official documents
In order to implement the spirit of the Party and the Third, Fourth and Fifth Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee and the relevant requirements such as Several Opinions of the State Council on Accelerating the Development of the Aged Care Service (Guo Fa [213] No.35) and Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Combination of Medical and Health Care and Aged Care Services (forwarded by Guo Ban Fa [2 _] No.84), Vigorously promote the innovation of financial organizations, products and services, improve and perfect financial services in the field of old-age care, increase financial support for the development of old-age care services, and promote the construction of social old-age care service system. The following opinions are put forward:
1. Fully understand the significance of doing a good job in financial services in the field of old-age care
(1) Accelerating the development of old-age care services requires innovative financial services. Currently,