atmosphere
In 2005, Jiangmen maintained a good level of air quality, and the daily excellent and good rate of air quality reached 97.0%. The annual daily average values of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and inhalable particulate matter are 0.043 mg/m3, 0.026 mg/m3 and 0.069 mg/m3, respectively, which all meet the national secondary standards. Among them, the annual average of sulfur dioxide was basically the same as that of the previous year, and the annual average of nitrogen dioxide and inhalable particulate matter decreased by 38. 1% and 14.8% respectively. The average annual dustfall is 4.97 tons/km2/month, which meets the recommended standards of Guangdong Province, and is 13.3% lower than last year. The main pollutants in urban air are sulfur dioxide and inhalable particles.
Acid rain pollution in urban areas is still serious. In 2005, the average pH of precipitation was 4.9 1, and the acidity was 0.18ph. Higher than last year. The frequency of acid rain was 69.7%, a decrease of 10.3% compared with the previous year.
The development of history
Jiangmen City is named "Jiangmen" because it is located at the intersection of Xijiang River and its tributary-Pengjiang River, and Yandun Mountain in the south of the Yangtze River faces Penglai Mountain in the north of the Yangtze River. Jiangmen was Xinhui County before the city was built. As early as the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368- 1388), a fair was formed here. /kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century, Jiangmen market flourished due to commerce and trade, and gradually became the trade center of the Pearl River Delta, where most of the goods in the middle and lower reaches of the Xijiang River were distributed. 1904, Jiangmen was opened as a foreign trade port, and Jiangmen North Street Customs was established, which was one of the eight customs in Guangdong. Western modern industry and culture have also been introduced and developed. 1925 Jiangmen is designated as a provincial city. 193 1, cancel the municipal organizational system and return to Xinhui county. 1949 10 Jiangmen was liberated on October 23rd. 195 1 year 1 month Jiangmen was changed to a provincial city. Later, it was successively under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Central Administrative Office, Zhaoqing District and Foshan District. 1983 Jiangmen has been designated as a prefecture-level city under provincial jurisdiction, and a new system of city governing counties has been implemented, which governs seven counties, namely Xinhui, Taishan, Kaiping, Enping, Heshan, Yangjiang and Yangchun. 1988, Yangjiang and Yangchun were separated and Yangjiang City was established. From 1992 to 1994, five counties have been removed from counties to set up cities, which are managed by Jiangmen City. In September 2002, Xinhui was divided into districts and merged into Jiangmen City. Xinhui, Taishan, Kaiping, Enping and Heshan are called "Wuyi" at home and abroad.
Jiangmen has a long history and culture, which has nurtured many famous figures, including Chen Baisha, a famous philosopher and educator in the late Ming Dynasty. Liang Qichao, the representative of modern reformists; Chen Shaobai, the pioneer of the democratic revolution; Feng Ru, the first pilot in China; Famous overseas Chinese leader Situ Meitang, etc. There are many scenic spots and historical sites here, including Yutai Temple in Xinhui in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cha'an Temple on the coast where thich nhat hanh observed astronomy in the Tang Dynasty, and the ancient battlefield of Yamen in Xinhui in the Yuan Dynasty.
administrative region
Jiangmen has jurisdiction over three county-level cities, namely Pengjiang District, Jianghai District and Xinhui District, and four county-level cities, namely Taishan, Kaiping, Enping and Heshan. By the end of 2002, there were 73 towns in the city, 15 sub-district offices, 1423 villagers' committees and 22 1 residents' committees.
Xinhui, Taishan, Enping, Kaiping and Heshan are commonly known as Wuyi. Jiangmen Wuyi is one of the famous hometown of overseas Chinese. Jiangmen Wuyi is home to 3.6 million overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, including 210.6 million overseas Chinese and 654,380+0.5 million compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. In addition, there are returned overseas Chinese and their relatives. Overseas Chinese are distributed in five continents 107 countries and regions.
Comprehensive strength
Guided by Scientific Outlook on Development, Jiangmen City has implemented four strategies: strengthening the city by industry, enriching the city by foreign capital and private capital, invigorating the city through science and education and improving the environment. The national economy has developed rapidly, healthily and harmoniously, and its comprehensive strength has been continuously enhanced, ranking among the "Top 100 Comprehensive Strength Cities in China". In 2005, the city's GDP reached 8021600 million yuan, an increase of 65.438+02.7% over the previous year, and the growth rate reached a new high of nearly 65.438+00 years. The general budget revenue of local finance was 465,438+63 million yuan, an increase of 19.69%, reaching a new high of nearly 12. The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size was 310.478 billion yuan, an increase of16.44%; Investment in fixed assets reached 23.746 billion yuan, up by18.64%; The total retail sales of consumer goods in the whole society reached 30.982 billion yuan, an increase of 65.438+02.3%, and the total economic output ranked among the top in the province. In recent years, Jiangmen has made great efforts to draw a grand plan, and the urban and rural areas are changing with each passing day. It has successively won the titles of "China Excellent Tourist City", "National Garden City", "National Sanitary City", "National Model City of Environmental Protection" and "Guangdong Civilized City". Jiangmen today has a prosperous economy, beautiful environment, harmonious society and prosperous career.
high-technology industry
Jiangmen actively promoted scientific and technological progress, and its independent innovation capability was significantly improved. In 2005, there were 58 high-tech enterprises/kloc-0, and 452 high-tech products were developed, with an output value of 47 billion yuan, an increase of 23.53% over the previous year. In recent years, Jiangmen City has continuously increased investment in scientific research and achieved fruitful results in scientific and technological undertakings. Jiangmen Sanjie and Xinhui Meida have established postdoctoral workstations respectively. "Xinhui Jinguzhou Private Science and Technology Park" is listed as a key private science and technology park by the Ministry of Science and Technology. Heshan New Material Industrial Park and Xinhui Textile and Chemical Fiber Industrial Park were awarded the titles of "Jiangmen New Material Industrial Base of National Torch Plan" and "Jiangmen Textile and Chemical Fiber Industrial Base of National Torch Plan" respectively. Enterprises such as chemical fiber, coating, needle printer, motorcycle engine and automobile manufacturing are in the leading position in R&D and achievement transformation.
Foreign economy
Jiangmen's superior investment environment and excellent government services have attracted overseas investors. Since the reform and opening up, the city's accumulated actual utilization of foreign capital has exceeded $654.38+0 billion. In 2005, the actually utilized foreign capital was $6160,000, an increase of 17.33%. In the whole year, foreign direct investment from nearly 50 different countries (regions) was made in Jiangmen, and 52 foreign-invested enterprises were approved in the city, with a total investment of more than US$ 6,543,800+million. In recent years, the quality of foreign capital utilization in Jiangmen City has gradually improved, and large-scale projects such as Golden Eagle Paper, PetroChina Bibi and Modi Cigarette Paper have been introduced one after another. Among the world's top 500 enterprises, 22 large groups and consortia, including the United States, Britain's BP, Japan's Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Switzerland's ABB, France's Danone and South Korea's Hyundai, have successively invested in Jiangmen to develop their business.
Overseas Chinese sentiment
The history of Wuyi people going abroad can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. Tang Xizong worked for six years (AD 879), and new people followed Arab businessmen to Sumatra. Since then, groups of Wuyi people have made a living overseas. Jiangmen City is one of the key hometown of overseas Chinese in China, and it is also called the three major hometown of overseas Chinese with Chaoshan and Minnan areas. According to the latest overseas Chinese survey, there are more than 3 million overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan living in Wuyi, Jiangmen, covering five continents 100 countries and regions, most of which are located in North America and Central America. Overseas Chinese have thrived overseas and made their own contributions to the prosperity of their host countries. Among them, a large number of outstanding politicians, diplomats, entrepreneurs and scientists have emerged, such as Canadian Governor Wu and American governor of washington Locke.
Overseas Chinese and compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao have a glorious tradition of loving their country and their hometown. They have built a large number of public welfare undertakings such as schools, hospitals, nursing homes, kindergartens, theaters, libraries, bridges, highways, water supply projects and the Overseas Chinese Federation Building. Also set up a fund to support students and respect the elderly. They have benefited the whole village and played a positive role in promoting our reform, opening up and socialist modernization.
With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, especially with the further adjustment of China's industrial structure, governments at all levels have issued a series of preferential policies to optimize the investment environment and enhance the confidence of foreign investors to come back to invest. Jiangmen Wuyi hometown of overseas Chinese has become a hot spot for overseas Chinese and foreign investment. Up to now, 25 countries and regions have invested in the hometown of overseas Chinese in Wuyi, Jiangmen, including Hongkong, Macau, Taiwan Province, Japan, South Korea, the United States, Singapore and France. , involving more than 20 industries and thousands of products. The main industries are textiles, chemicals, machinery, electronics, communication equipment, plastics and products, building materials, leather and products, food, wood and agriculture. The joint investment of overseas Chinese businessmen and foreign businessmen in Wuyi, Jiangmen has had a chain effect. A number of large consortia, large enterprises, large trading companies and multinational companies have successively invested in Wuyi. At present, 13 of the world's top 500 enterprises have settled in Jiangmen, and overseas Chinese-funded enterprises have become a new force that cannot be ignored in the economic construction of overseas Chinese hometown.
Jiangmen is a city with many foreign exchanges. It has established sister-city relations with cities in many countries, such as Riverside City in the United States, and receives a large number of tourists from the United States, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, Spain and other places every year.
Jiangmen Wuyi is also a window from which China's excellent culture and traditions spread all over the world. At the same time, the vast number of overseas Chinese have also brought back excellent cultures and advanced technologies from all over the world to China, building a bridge of friendship, economy, trade, science and technology between China and foreign countries, and making great contributions to the development of China and the host country and to world peace.
Famous specialty
Orange, orange, orange
Citrus, tangerine and orange are the main cash crops in Jiangmen, and the famous variety is Xinhui Dongjia Sweet Orange (Slipper), which is sweet and fragrant. Xinquanda red tangerine (tea branch tangerine), with rich juice and red skin color, is the "dried tangerine peel" in traditional Chinese medicine and has the special effect of relieving cough and transforming qi. New Year orange is generally listed in the Lunar New Year, which means auspiciousness and is favored by people. In recent years, Xinhui sweet orange (Yangshan orange) has been popularized. The harvest period is from winter to around, and it is big, juicy and sweet, which is deeply loved by people.
lychee
Ma Yuan Zaoguo, a famous early-maturing litchi in Jiangmen, was first listed in March of the lunar calendar. It is famous for its early listing, large fruit shape, crisp meat and sweet taste. In addition, the middle and late maturing variety is Sophora japonica branch, and a large number of excellent varieties such as glutinous rice paste and cinnamon have been introduced in recent years.
Banana, plantain
The main varieties are bananas with rich fragrance and tender meat; Sweet mountain fragrance with tender meat and short taste; Bananas with slightly larger fruit shape, sweet and sour taste are harvested everywhere, but the harvest is the biggest in autumn.
watermelon
West Claw in Zhaiwu Town, Heshan is the most famous. The soil in this town is suitable, and Ji Nong has introduced excellent varieties such as Dahongbao and seedless West Claw. Cool and sweet, it can relieve summer heat and quench thirst. It goes on the market in large quantities every summer.
Fruit sugarcane
There are two main kinds of fruit sugarcane: purple and green. The early-maturing variety "March 8th" is purple, which was harvested by farmers in August. The late-maturing variety "Black-skinned Sugarcane" has short internodes, thick stems and short fibers, and is particularly brittle to eat. Green-skinned sugarcane is the most famous "corner-headed meat sugarcane", with long internodes and sweet blue juice, which can be listed from late autumn to Qingming every year.
arrowroot
Pueraria lobata is a root vegetable, which is planted in spring and harvested in winter and contains a lot of starch. Jiangmen people use it to make soup, cook rice and raise starch to eat. Pueraria lobata also has the medicinal effect of cooling and lowering blood pressure, and can be used as a medicated diet. Among them, Pueraria lobata, which is produced in Shi Chong, Yan 'an and the urban area of Heshan Yunxiang, has a particularly good quality, and is famous for its rich starch, little fiber and sweet taste.
Persimmon stems are bitter.
Persimmons in duruan Town of Xinhui have bitter claws (also called Lei Gong chisel), short fruit shape, wide pedicel, chiseled fruit tip, green as jade, and thick and crisp meat. It is planted all year round, with the best quality in autumn and exported to Hong Kong and Macao. As long as the "Du Ruanqiu" brand is displayed, it will attract many people to buy it.
Jinshan huosuan
Jinshan Huogarlic is a local specialty of Kaiping City. It is planted in Changsha and Shuikou Town. It is a special garlic garden with thin meat and rich garlic flavor. Sow in 10 every year and harvest in March of the following year. After harvest, it is smoked with fire, so it is called fire garlic. Now Kaiping not only produces raw garlic seeds, but also processes them into sweet and sour garlic and other products.
Heshan red smoke
Heshan Hongyan has a long-standing reputation. The traditional variety is Niu Tongyan, also known as "Jin Zhongying", which originated in Yuantan area of Qingyuan City and was later popularized in Heshan. This kind of tobacco leaves is as narrow as ox tongue, hence the name "ox tongue smoke". The leaves are flat and red, the mesophyll is thick, and the smoke is mellow, which is the first-class raw material for processing "raw tobacco".
ginger
Yam mildew dried ginger is a specialty of Xinhui city, which was produced by Judas preserved fruit factory and enjoyed a high reputation before liberation. It is made of ginger through many processes. The finished product is square and granular, wrapped in paper into candy, spicy and sweet, loose and delicious, and it is a good gift.
Xinhui sunflower fan
Xinhui specialty sunflower fan is made of mallow leaves. Xinhui sunflower fan is famous for its special straight shape and fine processing, and was selected as a tribute in the Ming Dynasty. Now in addition to the general processing fan cooling, the finished product has been hand-made. On the fan, the landscape map is branded with electricity, and animals, flowers and birds are embroidered with colored silk. The fan handle is inlaid with bamboo, bones, ivory and so on. There are monochrome single-sided fans and color five-sided fans.
Liu Hua brand sugar
Liu Hua brand sugar is the product of Jiangmen Sugarcane Chemical Plant. Jiangmen Ganhua Factory was built in 1958, named after Yili, Zhou Enlai. Liu Hua brand sugar produced by this factory is famous for its uniform white particles and excellent texture, and it is sold in large quantities at home and abroad every year. In addition to raw sugar, the factory also produces "cube sugar" to meet the needs of the food market.
Three-truss tile kitchen knife
Three-truss tile kitchen knife is a traditional product in Jiangmen city. In the past, it was forged by hand, which was famous for its excellent steel and exquisite processing technology. Now it has developed into a big factory, producing all kinds of kitchen knives and stainless steel kitchenware series.
Shuikou sufu
Shuikou sufu is a specialty of Shuikou Town, Kaiping City, with a long history. It is made from tofu through fermentation, adding salt and feeding. It is characterized by crispness, moderate salinity and attractive fragrance. It is an excellent side dish with meals, and can also be used as a seasoning for cooking to make the dishes more delicious.
Sword flower
Qingxi Township, Yayao Town, Heshan is a famous hometown of sword flowers. Because the sword flower has the functions of clearing away heat and relieving summer heat and moistening dryness, it can be eaten raw or dried, and is generally used to cook pig bone soup. July and August are the harvest season every year, and a large number of flowers are available for listing.
Lotus pond head vegetable
Tanghe jackpot is a famous specialty in Hetang Town, Jiangmen City. Because of its unique production technology, moderate salinity, sweet taste, crispy and delicious, cheap and good quality, it is deeply loved by the public and sold at home and abroad.
Leek hotbed
Leek is a traditional local product in Baishi District, Jiangmen. Due to the exquisite technology of leek, the leek produced is tender and golden, and it is a hot commodity every time it goes on the market, which is deeply loved by consumers.
Magang goose
Magang Goose is a famous product in Magang, Kaiping. It has been raised for 100 years. Masteel is early-maturing and easy to raise, and its meat is fresh and tender, with a single weight of 10 kg.
Grassland insect
No matter how long you leave your hometown, you probably haven't forgotten two kinds of hometown dishes-insects and snails. Although insects are small, their mouths are full of meat, and they are rich in protein. And the taste is unique, fragrant and delicious, tender and delicious, and it is really a good dish to drink and eat. It also has the effects of nourishing yin, strengthening spleen, warming body and removing dampness. Insects are produced in the Pearl River Delta, and the southern reclamation areas of Xinhui and Taishan counties have the largest output. Insects only appear a few times a year, usually in the case of red clouds and drizzle and abnormal weather changes, and most of them start at each head (the peak of high tide on the first and fifteenth day of the lunar calendar). Once they appear, they are dense and float on the surface of the river. At this time, people fishing for weeds are really inexhaustible. In an hour or so, they can get 200 or 300 kilograms by meeting or cage, and more than 10 kilograms by bucket. The high tide, weeds gradually disappeared without a trace, so we had to look at the river and sigh! People who have experience in catching grass insects will gain a lot if they have a good grasp of the time and place where grass insects appear, good fishing gear and quick eyes. Grasshoppers live in the topsoil of paddy field at the junction of fresh water in Yuxian county and feed on rotten roots. It is shaped like a small centipede, about thirty or forty centimeters long. It is often said that centipedes have the most feet, but there are more insects and feet than centipedes. More interestingly, this insect can alternate red, yellow, green, blue and purple at any time, which is very vivid. Cook until it is pure egg yellow. Steam, stir-fry, pot, stew worms, anything is suitable. Steam the worms with ginger, onion, oil and salt, and steam them in a rice cooker. Stir-fried dishes and pot roast should be accompanied by pork brisket, vermicelli and other ingredients, but they are much more delicious than steamed ones. Is to stew the worms and dry them with charcoal kang, which is sweet and fragrant. And salty insects. Every year, every household sells dozens of kilograms, more than 100 kilograms, with salt. When eating, add some oil, onion and ginger to steam.
Therefore, in the past, eating worms, especially salted worms, was considered a bad dish. Snails taste delicious, too In the past, there were many snails in the paddy field, and it took half a day to pick them up and return home with a full load. When I came back, I knocked off the tail of the snail, fried it with garlic, lobster sauce and perilla, and invited some old friends to sit around, drinking wine and snails and laughing. This is really a pleasure. Insects and snails are too difficult to appreciate. Hotels don't have these two dishes to entertain guests, only when the poor entertain relatives and friends. The host said apologetically, "There is no food, only insects. Sorry. " Today, the world has changed. Maybe it's not so easy to find insects and snails. Things are rare and expensive. Now all the hotels have these two kinds of dishes, and the prices are not cheap. What used to be a poor man's dish is now a banquet for guests.
Seto powder
During the Mid-Autumn Festival, Seto powder was the staple food in the northern part of Enping County. Seto powder is easier to eat than to make. From material selection to production, the process is quite complicated, and it must be made by several families. First, choose the quality of October rice, and dry the rice noodles for later use. When making, the water is boiled, the rice flour is cooked (the ratio of rice flour to water varies with the quality of flour, and it is generally appropriate to make the rice flour moist), mixed with the raw flour, kneaded evenly to form a columnar dough, and kneaded with fingers. The qualified vermicelli is powder-free, soft and waxy, cool and smooth. The style is different, the taste is hard and mushy, and the unique flavor of Seto powder is lost.
Therefore, rubbing powder is the key process. After the water boils, put the powder trough on the pot, put benches at both ends, put the kneaded powder dough into the slot hole, plug it with a cork, then put one end of the wooden stick into the powder trough and the extrusion hole, and several people at the other end push it down hard, so that the vermicelli will be drilled out of the small hole at the bottom of the slot hole and lowered into the pot. After cooking, take it out, rinse it with cold water and take it out. When you eat, you can use boiling water to make soup, and when you mix it with soup, it becomes a unique glutinous rice flour. If you mix it with sugar to make wine, it will have another taste. Recently, someone used the old cylinder of diesel engine to refit the powder tank, and tightened the piston. Only one person was used to operate it, which was more labor-saving than the old powder tank. Everyone in the world wants to eat rice noodles, instead of following the crowd as before.
That's nice, you chicken
Zhu Hao, Zhu Mao and Julien Township, Shuikou Town, Kaizeng County have been making clay chicken toys for more than 200 years. Every Lunar New Year, vendors in Heshan, Taishan, Enping, Xinhui and other places will drive to purchase native chickens for new year sales. Mud chicken is simple in appearance and cheap, and is deeply loved by people. New Year's Day is Chicken Day, and a large number of mud chickens are on the market. For a time, mud chickens crowed everywhere, which really had the interest of "crowing all over the world" and brought people joy and joy. In Zhenhao and Zhumao villages, there is a legend that a rich man hired a long-term worker and was an orphan. The orphan keeps a rooster, and people and chickens are inseparable. Once, the orphan accidentally mixed two halves of black beans and soybeans, and the rich man asked him to pick them up in the morning. When the rooster crowed, all the chickens in the village gathered, and the orphan was very worried. The cock picks black beans and the hen picks soybeans. In less than an hour, the orphans picked them. On another occasion, a group of robbers plotted to rob a village, sent bandits disguised as chickens to sneak into the village as internal guards, and stipulated that the crow at midnight was a signal, and the attack was internal. Unexpectedly, just after this, the "chicken picker" hiding in the rich man's backyard alarmed the rooster, and the rooster crowed for a long time. In an instant, the rooster announced the dawn of the village. The "chicken chooses the guy" quickly strangled the rooster and lit the haystack.
When orphans heard each other's cocks crowing, they shouted to catch thieves. It was already late at night, and people didn't sleep. They heard each other's shouts and rushed to catch the "election chicken guy" as voices. When the bandits outside the village heard the commotion and knew that the plot was exposed, they hurried away. Later, the "chicken guy" confessed the truth, and the villagers were amazed and buried the rooster. The orphan rubbed mud into the rooster to mourn. When the villagers saw it, they also picked up clay chickens to win each other and passed them down from generation to generation. After several improvements, they have become more and more complicated. Push with your hands, giggle, blow with your mouth and crow. When it spread to other places, everyone loved it, and businessmen rushed to collect, sell and order it, so making local chicken gradually became the traditional sideline of the two villages. Make mud chicken, dig mud in spring, pound it with a mallet, put it into an iron mold to make a chicken head and a chicken tail, and dry it for later use.
There is a transverse membrane on the chicken's head, and there is a small hole in the transverse membrane, which is reserved for sentry duty. Make a bamboo whistle in your spare time, cut the small hedge bamboo into a few minutes, cut one end obliquely, insert a small leaf and blow it. In winter, the bamboo whistle is inserted into the cross mold of the chicken head, and then the chicken head and the chicken tail are connected with kraft paper, colored and oiled to obtain the finished product. There is a small hole in the front of the mud chicken head and a small hole on the left side of the tail. Blowing the tail hole with the mouth, the mud chicken can sing, and the shape and sound of singing are different from those of the real chicken. Hold down the tail hole with the thumb of your right hand and shake it frequently, which will make the hens giggle when they lay eggs and nest. The craftsmanship is amazing. No wonder overseas Chinese and compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao also like to take a few out as gifts for relatives and friends in their hometown.