When an Internet user sends a text to another machine, TCP breaks the text into several small data packets, plus some specific information (can be compared to a packing list for shipping goods) so that the receiving machine can determine

The transmission is correct, and IP marks the relevant address information on the data packet.

Continuous TCP/IP packets can arrive at the same location via different routes.

There is a specialized machine, that is, a router, located at the intersection of the network. It determines the best transmission path for data packets in order to effectively disperse the various traffic loads of the Internet and avoid "congestion" caused by too busy a certain part of the system.

When the TCP/IP data packet arrives at the destination, the computer will remove the TP address mark, use the TCP "packing list" to check whether there is any loss of data during transmission, and on this basis, reassemble each data packet into the original text

this document.

If the receiver finds a damaged data packet, it requires the sender to resend the damaged data packet.

Extended information The lowest level IP protocol is a data-oriented protocol used in message switching networks. This protocol defines the format of data packets when transmitted over the Internet.

The IPv4 version is currently the most used. In this version, 32 bits are used to define IP addresses. Although the total number of addresses reaches 4.3 billion, it still cannot meet the needs of the rapid development of today's global network, so the IPv6 version came into being.

In the IPv6 version, the IP address has a maximum of 128 bits, "almost every grain of sand on the earth can be assigned an IPv6 address."

IPv6 is not currently popular, and many Internet service providers do not support IPv6 protocol connections.

However, it is foreseeable that in the future, with the help of IPv6, any household appliance may be connected to the Internet.

The upper layer is the UDP protocol and TCP protocol, which are used to control the transmission of data flow.

UDP is an unreliable data streaming protocol that only provides a simple interface between the network layer and the application layer.

The TCP protocol has high reliability. By adding additional information to datagrams and providing a retransmission mechanism, it can ensure that there is no packet loss, no redundant packets, and the order of datagrams.

For some applications that require high reliability, you can choose the TCP protocol; on the contrary, for applications that prioritize performance, such as streaming media, you can choose the UDP protocol.