1, the harm of drinking fake wine
Like the fake wine reported in the news above, not bad. They just buy bulk liquor and blend it with clear water. After drinking it, it won't do much harm to the human body.
But there is also a fake wine made of industrial alcohol. Its main component and harm come from methanol. Alcohol, also known as wood alcohol and wood alcohol, is a colorless, transparent, volatile and flammable liquid. Acute methanol poisoning is not a common disease in clinic, but it usually manifests as life poisoning or acute occupational poisoning caused by fake wine, which has the characteristics of sudden group poisoning. If it is not handled properly, it will have a high mortality and disability rate, which will bring serious harm to the poisoned person.
Methanol can be absorbed by human body through respiratory tract, skin and digestive tract. Methanol is absorbed quickly after oral administration, and the blood concentration can reach the peak in 30-60 minutes, which begins to produce toxic effects. Most people's initial symptoms of poisoning appear at 12- 24 hours after eating. Because people who take it by mistake will not realize the possibility of methanol poisoning, and its early symptoms are headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, lethargy and disturbance of consciousness, which is difficult to distinguish from drunkenness, so it is difficult to diagnose it early. Although the absorbed dose of methanol can be reduced by gastric lavage and catharsis in theory, once obvious toxic encephalopathy and visual impairment occur, it is often not the early stage of poisoning, and the opportunity to remove methanol from the digestive tract is lost.
People will be poisoned if they ingest 5 ml of methanol, which is one of the main components of industrial alcohol. Methanol is oxidized to formaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and formaldehyde dehydrogenase in vivo, and then formic acid is generated. Formic acid can inhibit the oxidation and phosphorylation of human retina, making it difficult to synthesize adenosine triphosphate. As a result, it will cause cell degeneration of retina and even turn into optic atrophy. Generally speaking, 5 ~ 10 ml of methanol can be poisoned and 30 ml can be fatal.
2. How to distinguish fake wine?
(1) taste recognition
High-quality liquor is colorless and transparent, and the aroma of methanol is similar to that of alcohol, but slightly softer. It also tastes like ethanol. Liquor should be colorless and transparent. If the aroma and taste meet the sensory requirements, it is a good quality wine. If there is abnormal fragrance or smell, it may be inferior wine; If the fragrance is light, the tail is bitter and tasteless after drinking, mostly because there is too much water and insufficient alcohol. (2) Visual recognition
Before visual recognition, a recognition step can be added before visual recognition: sniffing.
Pick up the bottle, put the joint between the bottle cap and the bottle mouth near the tip of the nose and smell it carefully. If there is a strong or fragrant smell of wine, it is fake. Maotai liquor has a special maotai flavor. If you have a keen sense of smell, you can smell Maotai residue on the bottle mouth or even on packaging materials such as cartons and cartons. (By the way, a slight leak in the bottle mouth can't be judged as fake wine. There is also the possibility of leakage of genuine wine, but the probability of leakage of wine is very small. )
(3) Packaging identification
According to the identification of packaging materials, the bottle of Moutai is a milky white glass bottle, sealed with a big red thread twisted anti-theft aluminum cover, with five white words "Kweichow Moutai" on the top, and the bottle mouth has no internal plug. The whole bottle of wine is wrapped in high-quality square leather paper, and the color box is packed: the outer packaging color box is made of imported white paper and corrugated. The font and color on the box are consistent with the trademark and the back sticker.
Fake "Maotai" is sealed with different shades of red rubber caps, some are transparent without words, and some are fake "Maotai". The bottle cap is white and red. The cover also has different wall patterns, including yellow broken aluminum cover and plastic broken yellow aluminum cover. There are several kinds of inner plugs, such as spiral type, belt waist line and flat top. The outer packing box is made of unqualified and inferior leather paper or other materials.
3. How to judge grain wine?
The first way to identify grain wine: the wine brewed by real traditional grain is fragrant but not choking, slightly bitter but not astringent. The aroma of grain, wine and wine is obvious, which is obviously different from that of alcohol blended wine. Pure grain brewed liquor has pure and full smell, while alcohol blended liquor has a very pungent smell. Pure grain wine tastes soft, and it does not dry mouth, choke throat, head or feel uncomfortable after drinking.
The second way to identify grain wine: put a drop of white wine in the palm of your hand, then cross your hands so that the two palms touch each other and rub hard for a few times. If the wine smells fragrant after heating, it will last for a long time; The liquor blended with alcohol not only smells strange, but also stays for a short time and soon loses its taste. (Alcohol will add perfume additives)
Method 3 of identifying grain wine: the most effective and accurate identification method at this time. Use sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda. Put the liquor to be tested in a test tube according to the ratio of 50: 1 caustic soda, or use a cup that we can heat at home at ordinary times, and then boil it in hot water for a few minutes. If it is grain-brewed liquor, the liquor in the test tube will turn yellow. If the color is very light, it means that the pure grain wine is impure and contains alcohol blending ingredients. Don't change the color of pure alcohol blended wine, because inferior liquor is blended with alcohol and spice sweeteners, and there will be no chemical reaction when it encounters caustic soda.
Alcohol blended wine will cause throat irritation, nausea, heartburn, burning sensation, dry mouth, thirst and head injury due to alcohol problems, while pure grain and wine are fragrant but not choking, slightly bitter but not astringent, not choking, not dry mouth, not facing the head, not uncomfortable after drinking, and will wake up quickly after drunkenness, with little stimulation to the human body.