Kuié

* Introduction to Penguin *

Captain Beaulieu of France (1620) called it a "feathered fish" when he first saw penguins that could swim and prey at the southern tip of Africa.

Penguin itself has its own unique structure: the density of penguin feathers is three to four times higher than that of birds of the same size, and the function of feathers is to regulate body temperature. Although penguins have basically the same feet as other birds, their bones are hard, short and flat. This feature, combined with the short wings of the paddle, enables penguins to "fly" underwater. The salt glands on the eyes can discharge excess salt. Penguins have flat corneas, so they can see under water and above water. Both eyes can transmit images to the brain for telescopic integration, thus producing telescopic effect.

Penguins are one of the cutest animals on earth. There are 17 species of penguins in the world, all of which are distributed in the southern hemisphere. There are about 8 species in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic regions, of which 2 species breed on the coast of Antarctic continent, and the rest are distributed on the islands between the coast of Antarctic continent and sub-Antarctic. Penguins often appear in large numbers, accounting for 85% of Antarctic seabirds.

Like ostriches, penguins are a group of flightless birds. Although penguins can't fly now, according to the data displayed by fossils, the earliest penguins can fly! It was not until 650,000 years ago that their wings gradually evolved into flippers that could swim in the water and became the penguins we see at present.

Its main food is small fish and krill.

Penguins usually live a long life, for example, emperor penguins can reach 20-30 years old.

There are 17 species of penguins in the world, which can be divided into 6 genera biologically.

[Penguin] A short-legged flightless waterfowl of the family Penguinidae, which lives in the southern hemisphere, walks upright, is clumsy on land, and is covered with short and hard scaly feathers. They mainly eat crustaceans, mollusks and fish. Penguins also have many stories in the process of being discovered. 1488, Portuguese sailors first discovered penguins at the Cape of Good Hope near South Africa. But it was the historian Pigafetta who first recorded penguins. 1520, he took Magellan's fleet and met a large group of penguins on the Patagonian coast. At that time they called them nameless geese. Most of the penguin species described in the early days lived in the south temperate zone. It was not until the end of18th century that scientists identified the names of six species of penguins and found that the species that really lived on the Antarctic ice sheet were in19th century and 20th century. For example, the emperor penguin is only named 1844, and the horned penguin is only named 1953. Penguins are obese, formerly known as obese birds. However, because they often stand on the shore and look out as if expecting something, people call this fat bird penguin.

The genus Impennes, also known as Penguinea, includes only the order Sphenisciformes and Penguinidae, including 6 genera 18 species of penguins. They are all marine birds that can't fly but are good at swimming and diving. The body feathers are scaly, evenly distributed on the body surface, with heavy bones and developed keel processes in the sternum. Penguin is usually regarded as the symbol of Antarctica, but most penguin species are distributed in the south temperate zone, and many of them are located in the Southern Ocean, South America and New Zealand. There are 6 genera 13 species of penguins nesting here, of which 2 genera are limited to Australia and New Zealand, and the largest penguin genus is also distributed in Australia and New Zealand. Ring penguins, the second largest genus of penguins, are mainly distributed in subtropical and tropical regions, even reaching the equator. There are only 2 genera and 4 species of penguins nesting in the coast of Antarctic continent, 2 genera and 2 species in sub-Antarctic, and only emperor penguins really overwinter in Antarctic continent. There are 18 species of penguins in the world, namely baiji, baiji, yellow-eyed penguin, Magellan penguin, Peruvian penguin, Galapagos penguin, emperor penguin, king penguin, Adelie penguin, Antarctic penguin, Papua penguin, Cape penguin, Cape penguin, Cape penguin, Keroni penguin and straight-crowned penguin.

Aptenodytes: There are two kinds. They are the biggest and most beautiful penguins. Emperor penguin, more than one meter tall and weighing more than 30 kilograms, is the only bird that overwinters along the coast of Antarctic continent and breeds in winter. Emperor penguins only lay one egg at a time. When they hatch, the male penguins put the eggs on webbed feet and cover them with their bellies. During this period, the male penguins stop eating and live entirely on fat until the young penguins hatch and lose weight 1/3. Emperor penguins, slightly smaller in size, longer in mouth and brighter in color, are mainly distributed in the Southern Ocean and sub-Antarctic regions, as far north as New Zealand.

emperor penguin

Pigos celis: There are three species. Papua penguins, also known as golden penguins, are distributed on the islands of the Antarctic Peninsula and the Southern Ocean. Adrian penguins, the largest number of penguins, can be seen in the Antarctic in large groups, wandering in the Antarctic waters with ice floes. Antarctic penguins, also known as hooded penguins, are mainly distributed in the Antarctic region and sometimes wander outside the Antarctic.

Papua Penguin Papua Penguin

Antarctic penguins

A crested penguin.

Eudyptes: Among penguins, there are 6 species with yellow crests on their heads. They are agile on land, and some species in New Zealand can enter the forest. Crested penguin, distributed in New Zealand. Single-horned penguins are distributed in the archipelago. Penguins with vertical crests are distributed in the waters around New Zealand. Cape penguins, distributed in macquarie island, Australia. Crested penguins are distributed in southern South America and the Southern Ocean. The crested penguins are distributed in the Southern Ocean and sub-Antarctic regions.

Megadytes: There is only one species, the yellow-eyed penguin, which is distributed in the South Island of New Zealand.

Yellow-eyed penguins have a big belly.

Eudyptula: There are two kinds, the smallest penguin. Penguins with small flippers, also known as fairy penguins, are distributed from Australia to New Zealand. Among them, penguins with small flippers on Philip Island in Australia land on time at 8: 05 pm every year from September to June, 65438+1October, which becomes a great spectacle. White-winged pterodactyl penguins distributed in the eastern South Island of New Zealand are sometimes incorporated into pterodactyl penguins.

Little penguin, a pterodactyl penguin

Spheniscus: Also known as ring penguins, there are four species, which are the northernmost penguins. Penguins, also known as spotted-billed ring penguins or black-footed penguins, are native to South Africa. Humboldt penguins or Hong's Ring Penguins live on the west coast of South America near Peru. Magellan penguin or MacKay ring penguin, found in southern South America. Penguins around the island are found in the Galapagos Islands near the equator.