Generally, the "Four Famous Jade" in China refers to Hetian Jade produced in Xinjiang, Xiuyan Jade produced in Liaoning, dushan jade produced in Nanyang, Henan and Turquoise produced in Yunxian County, Hubei Province.
(1) Hetian jade is mainly distributed in the northern slope of Kunlun Mountain, which stretches for 1,5 kilometers from shache-Tashkurgan, Hotan-Khotan and Qiemo counties in Xinjiang, with 9 producing areas. Hetian jade is mainly composed of tremolite-actinolite, and contains a small amount of diopside, serpentine, graphite, magnets and other minerals, forming different colors such as white, turquoise, black and yellow, most of which are monochromatic jade, and a few are variegated. Jade is semi-transparent, and after polishing, it has a greasy luster, and its hardness is between 5.5 and 6.5 degrees. Hetian jade is sandwiched in rocks with an altitude of 3,5 meters to 5, meters. After long-term weathering, it is stripped into fragments of different sizes, which collapse on the hillside and then flow into the river after being washed by rain. When the river dries up in autumn, the jade pieces collected in the river bed are called seed jade, and those mined in the rock stratum are called mountain material. The earliest jadeware made of Hetian jade has been found, which comes from the tomb of Fu Hao in Yin Ruins. After the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Hetian jade gradually became the main jade material, collecting seed materials, and mining mountain materials only in the Qing Dynasty. Jade Mountain, the "Dayu Water Control" carved in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, weighs 1,7 Jin, that is, it was taken from Mileta Mountain.
hetian jade's economic value is evaluated on the basis of purity of color and texture. Its main varieties are:
white jade: containing tremolite above 95%, with white color, pure, delicate texture and moist luster, which is a high-quality variety among Hetian jade. In the prosperous periods of jade-making in Han Dynasty, Song Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, great attention was paid to the selection of materials, and high-quality white jade was often carved as a "heavy weapon".
suet white jade: the top grade of white jade, pure and delicate in texture, containing 99% tremolite, and its white color is as subtle as coagulated fat. Jade material with the same weight has several times the economic value of white jade. Sheep fat white jade was highly praised in Han Dynasty, Song Dynasty and Qing Qianlong period.
Blue white jade: There is no significant difference between the texture and white jade, only the jade color is white with faint turquoise, which is a third-class jade material in Hetian jade, and its economic value is slightly lower than that of white jade.
sapphire: it is called sapphire with light blue, turquoise and gray. It is even in color, fine in texture, containing tremolite 89% and actinolite 6%, with oily luster and abundant reserves. It is the main variety of jade collection or mining in past dynasties.
topaz: the matrix is white jade, which has been infiltrated by iron oxide in surface water for a long time to form a yellow tone in the cracks. According to the color change, it is named as: dense wax yellow, chestnut yellow, okra yellow, yellow flower yellow, egg yellow and so on. Dense wax yellow and chestnut yellow are extremely rare, and their economic value can reach sheep fat white jade. In the Qing Dynasty, topaz was homophonic for "emperor" and extremely rare, and its economic value once exceeded that of white jade with suet.
sugar jade: iron oxide permeates tremolite to form red skin shells with different shades, with deep red as "sugar jade" and "tiger skin jade" and white with pink as "powder jade". Sugar jade often forms a two-color jade material with white jade or plain jade, which can be used to make "pretty jade". The snuff bottle made of sugar jade shell seed material is called "gold wrapped with silver" and should be able to increase its value.
black jade: tremolite with graphite and magnet is black. Most of the black jade is gray or gray-ink jade with black stripes, and it is named "Dark clouds, light ink, golden sable whiskers, beauty temples, etc.". Pure lacquer ink with dense black spots is more valuable than other black jade varieties. Black jade has a waxy luster, so it is not suitable for carving patterns because of uneven color. It is mostly used to make utensils inlaid with gold and silver wires.
jasper: It is produced in Junggar jade mine, also known as Tianshan jasper. It is grayish green, dark green and dark green, with pure dark green as the top grade. The quality with black spots, black spots or jade ribs is one notch worse. Jasper contains more than 85% tremolite, with delicate texture, translucency and oily luster, which is a mid-range jade.
(2) xiuyan jade, which is produced in Xiuyan, Liaoning Province, China, is a land with beautiful scenery, rich products and rich atmosphere. After thousands of years of natural evolution, it has condensed the essence of the sun, the moon and mountains for thousands of years, thus generating a world-famous national treasure-xiuyan jade.
Xiuyan jade is one of the four famous jade in China, which can be roughly divided into two types. One is old jade (also called Hemo jade), which is a precious rough jade with simple texture and dark green color. The other kind is nephrite, which is solid and moist, delicate and round, mostly green, among which pure white and golden are rare treasures.
Xiuyu jade is produced under the vein of abundant earthly spirits, and it has absorbed the essence of heaven and earth and the aura of nature in the course of thousands of years, so it has great value in geomantic omen besides its collectible value.
Because modern people live in buildings, the reinforced concrete of modern buildings separates the breath of nature from the magnetic field, which makes the distance between human beings and nature more and more distant. If you can put a beautiful piece of jade in your home, it will not only play a pleasing ornamental value, but also bring natural flavor to your home, supplement the natural magnetic field indoors and adjust the indoor feng shui climate.
"Righteousness is in memory, and evil can't be done". There are beautiful jade in the house, and evil can't be invaded. Wearing a piece of beautiful jade will add a natural force.