1. Roger that

2. The meaning of "copy"-it is translated from the "copy" in the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property.

The first paragraph of Article 13 of the Trademark Law clearly stipulates: "A trademark applied for registration on the same or similar goods is a well-known trademark copied, imitated or translated by others. If it is easy to cause confusion, it shall not be registered and its use shall be prohibited."

As long as a registered trademark is copied from a well-known trademark, if it is easy to cause confusion, it will be banned from registration. Copying only needs to prove that the two are the same, and it is not necessary to prove that the prohibited trademark is copied from a well-known trademark, which reduces the burden of proof of the owner of the well-known trademark and is conducive to the protection of the well-known trademark.

It should be noted that both "reproduction" in English and "copy" in Chinese are different from another pair of words "copy" and "plagiarism". "Copy" and "reproduction" can only be concluded by comparing two trademarks, although there may be other prohibited trademarks. Plagiarism usually needs to prove that the banned trademark is copied from a well-known trademark, and there is no other channel to copy it, so it is easy to prove that the banned trademark is copied from other channels rather than from a well-known trademark, thus avoiding plagiarism charges.

Tomoshi

copy

reproduce

Based on the original art, scientific restoration and production are carried out. It is a comprehensive scientific and technical work. The purpose of reproduction is: ① to protect the original treasures with high artistic or historical value, which are often used and easily damaged, and to replace the original with enough copies for exhibition or use, so that the original can be properly preserved. (2) In case the original is damaged, the copy can also be used as valuable reference materials. The principle of reproduction must be faithful to the original, which is different from imitation and forgery. Imitation mainly imitates the artistic style and expression of the original work, which is not limited to the authenticity of the pen, and there are no strict requirements in terms of scale, material and modeling. Fraud can be divorced from the original, changed at will, or even fabricated completely out of thin air. Reproduction must be based on the original, not subjective. Its shape, size, content, lines, ornamentation, color, style, characteristics, and even damage and stains should be loyal to the original, and shall not be arbitrarily increased or decreased; The materials and workmanship should be the same as the original as far as possible. If you choose alternative materials, you need to ensure consistent texture. If you adopt new production technology, you should ensure the quality and authenticity. In order to avoid confusion between true and false, the replica should be marked with the replica logo after production; High-level copywriting should also convey the charm of the original.

China has a long artistic tradition and a long history of artistic reproduction. Many precious paintings and calligraphy treasures were originally copied for the needs of protection, appreciation and dissemination. For example, Preface to the Lanting Pavilion by Wang Xizhi in the Tang Dynasty, Copy by Gu Kaizhi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the Song Dynasty, and Picture of the Lady of the State of Guo You Chun by Zhang Xuan in the Tang Dynasty are all exquisite copies. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the development of commodity economy, imitation and imitation prevailed. During this period, many replicas loyal to the original appeared, which were not replicas in the full sense, but also had the nature of replication. In the 20th century, the study of cultural relics, natural history and archaeology gradually developed and copied into an independent scientific and technological project.

Because there are many kinds of works of art, the methods of reproduction are also different. As far as painting, calligraphy and bronze works are concerned, there are many methods for each category. The methods of calligraphy and painting copying are as follows: ① Manual copying method, that is, manual sketching and tracing with reference to original works or photos, which is often used in meticulous painting and heavy color painting. (2) Photographic reproduction, in which the original version of the original work is photographed, developed and printed on paper or silk coated with photosensitive materials, and then processed by hand, is suitable for ink calligraphy. (3) The Gulong plate method, that is, the fine Gulong plate is used for photographic reproduction, which is suitable for paintings and calligraphy with changeable strokes and rich ink layers, but the size is different from the original. (4) Woodcarving watermarking method, that is, comparing with the original, engraving and overprinting for dozens of times, can achieve a realistic degree, and it is mostly used for precious meticulous and colorful works. The main reproduction methods of bronze works are as follows: ① The traditional plaster mold casting method, that is, using the original device as a mold, making a model with plaster, melting the casting blank with raw materials, and then cleaning, polishing, etching, carving, coloring, aging and other treatments. (2) A new casting method of silicone rubber mold, that is, taking silicone rubber as the mold and pouring new synthetic substitutes, the replica made is fine in pattern and accurate in shape. Other artistic reproductions, such as sculptures, ceramics and jade handicrafts, mostly adopt traditional methods. As a special technology, artistic reproduction requires not only superb skills and rich work experience, but also corresponding historical knowledge and artistic accomplishment to make copies with both form and spirit.

download

Download, usually called "download", inputs information from the Internet or other electronic computers to electronic computers (as opposed to "upload"). That is to download the software, pictures, music, words and so on saved on the server to the local machine.

Broadly speaking, everything you see on the screen that doesn't belong to your local computer is obtained by "downloading". In a narrow sense, people only think that those operations that customize the local disk storage location of downloaded files are "downloads".

All major domestic portals and IT information stations have download channels. There are also some professional download stations, such as: Huajun Software Park Sky Software Station Pacific Download Center.

Many software download stations will use the word "down" in the domain name of their websites to show the functional nature of their "download stations", such as Huajun Software Park (www.newhua.com) and Pacific Download Center (www.pconline.com.cn/download/).

Well-known download software is as follows:

Netants, an old brand in China, gradually fell out of favor.

Flashget-the king of classics, the first in the world.

The first video streaming media download in China.

Thunder-a rising star, full of domineering.

Comet Bite-King of ——BT Download

The antonym of "download" is "upload"

Friendly reminder: after downloading, you must first use anti-virus software to kill virus, otherwise the system will be easily poisoned. Download software from authoritative download websites, and try not to download software from small websites.