Analysis of food green supply chain management
Safety, enhanced welfare and mutual compatibility with the environment not only emphasize the optimal allocation of industrial resources, pay attention to food safety, but also include the concept of sustainable development Thought. Below I have compiled an analysis of food green supply chain management for you. You are welcome to read and browse.
1. The connotation of green food supply chain management
The concept of green supply chain management is constantly developing and improving. As for the exact definition of green supply chain management, there is still no clear idea in the theoretical circles. There is no unified expression, but the general point of view is to increase environmental protection awareness on the basis of supply chain management, and to implement "no waste, no pollution", "no bad ingredients" and "no side effects" throughout the entire supply chain. middle. Fully considering environmental issues, emphasizing data sharing among suppliers, closed-loop operation, embodying the idea of ??concurrent engineering, and making full use of modern network technology, it is a modern enterprise management model that meets the strategic needs of sustainable development of human society.
Experts and scholars have conducted some research on the food supply chain, but there are still few studies on the green food supply chain. The green food supply chain is a modern food supply model that comprehensively embodies food safety and quality, energy saving and consumption reduction, and environmental friendliness throughout the entire supply chain. Covering the production, processing, storage, transportation and sales of food raw materials, it can achieve full quality and safety control of food "from field to table", ensure safe and high-quality food supply, and promote the improvement of the international competitiveness and sustainable development of my country's food industry .
2 Constraints on the Development of Green Food Supply Chains
2.1 Lagging Transportation Infrastructure Construction
Although my country’s roads, railways, inland shipping and ocean shipping routes have been The speed and operating mileage have increased year by year and achieved world-renowned achievements. However, due to long-term debt arrears in the construction of transportation infrastructure, a national road transportation network with reasonable layout, complete functions, and convenience has not yet been formed. It is even impossible to talk about roads, railways, aviation and water transportation channels dedicated to food transportation. . In particular, the transportation infrastructure in some areas in the mainland is outdated and backward, construction planning is not in place, and capital investment is not implemented. There are also many places where the transportation layout has been unreasonable for a long time, and the construction speed is far from keeping up with the needs of development, resulting in frequent logistics obstructions in the green food supply chain, and even frequent disconnections in the green food supply chain.
2.2 The operation rate of special vehicles for refrigerated transportation of food is extremely low
Judging from the current loading, unloading and handling of perishable and fresh-keeping food in my country, whether it is loading and unloading ships, or loading and unloading trucks, Most of them are operated in the open air, rather than in accordance with the requirements of international food quality and safety standards such as ISO9001:2000 quality standard or safe food supply chain standard ISO22000:2005. They are operated in cold storage and insulation places, and cannot meet the food safety hazard control requirements of HACCP. . In addition, among the total amount of road food transportation in our country, the refrigerated transportation rate of perishable and fresh-keeping food is only about 20%. The remaining 80% or so of fruits, vegetables, eggs, meat, and aquatic products are mostly transported by ordinary box trucks, and even Transport directly by regular truck. Since the proportion of food transportation in my country using road refrigerated transportation is relatively low, the problems of high food loss and low efficiency have not been well solved. The entire logistics cost accounts for more than 70% of the retail price of food, which is much higher than the "highest cost of food logistics". The international standard of exceeding 50" of the total cost of food has greatly weakened the competitiveness of our country's food in the international market.
2.3 Port refrigeration equipment and refrigerated storage facilities are seriously insufficient
As a special commodity, food has high requirements for anti-corrosion, freshness, safety, etc. Therefore, the green food supply chain has evolved from a certain In this sense, it is the refrigeration chain, freshness chain and food safety chain.
However, due to the serious shortage of port refrigeration equipment and refrigerated storage infrastructure in my country and the lagging development, it is impossible to form a real frozen and refrigerated food supply chain. In reality, the so-called green food supply chain is at best a simple extension of the general commodity supply chain and cannot adapt to the increasing demands for food safety and the internationalization of food trade. An international food refrigerated logistics supply chain developer once admitted with emotion that due to the difficulty in finding suitable cold storage and other special food storage equipment at Chinese ports, his company had to store 85% of its frozen food in the past 20 years. Transported to Hong Kong or some Southeast Asian ports, the frozen food is then transferred and exported to mainland China in stages. Only 15% of the refrigerated food is directly transported to ports such as Shanghai and Dalian, which have relatively good port refrigeration equipment and refrigerated storage infrastructure. At present, there are still many problems and deficiencies in my country's food refrigeration and cold storage supply chain, which urgently need to be rapidly improved and continuously improved.
2.4 The modern information technology platform for the green food supply chain has not yet been formed
Although my country’s food industry has made progress in recent years in the mechanization of the manufacturing process, automation of warehouse management, product brand promotion, logistics distribution and food safety Good results have been achieved in aspects such as control, but to this day, the application of modern logistics information technology and facilities in food supply chain logistics is still insufficient, and the level of informatization is low, especially the logistics that can reflect the level of logistics modernization. Information technology and equipment facilities, such as RFID, GPS, GIS, EDI, CRM, VMI, QR, ECR, CPFR, SCOR and other technologies, as well as agricultural products and food preservation technology, low-temperature refrigeration technology, cold chain design technology, intelligent warehousing and distribution technology The application of equipment and equipment in the food supply chain is relatively low, which has seriously affected the overall operational level and efficiency of my country's green food supply chain, and delayed the degree and speed of my country's green food supply chain to integrate with international standards. Due to the low informatization level of the food green supply chain, information in the food green supply chain is blocked, not transparent and smooth enough, and various links in the supply chain are often decoupled, resulting in unnecessary delays in food transportation and greatly increasing food safety risks. . The efficient operation of the food green supply chain cannot be separated from the sincere cooperation of all member units in the supply chain. Therefore, the core competition in the field of food circulation has developed into supply chain competition in automation technology, scientific logistics and distribution, and humanized services, that is, based on modernization, information It is an information war that can be used as a means to increase turnover rate, speed up market response, reduce security risks and strictly control costs. At present, my country is still very weak in the introduction and development of scientific and practical food green supply chain information management software. It cannot provide decision-makers with the ability to monitor the safety hazards and key control points of the food green supply chain and timely solve specific problems in the supply chain operation process. Strong information assurance.
3 Measures to implement green food supply chain management
3.1 Strengthen environmental governance of suppliers
The green food supply process puts forward higher requirements for suppliers . Not only must the evaluation objectives be adjusted based on the manufacturer's own resources and strategic purposes, but they must also fully reflect the manufacturer's strategic intentions. It should also be emphasized that suppliers and manufacturers agree on environmental protection in terms of corporate culture and operating philosophy, which is the basis for completing the strategic partnership between supply chain members. Farmers and food production companies must establish the concept of green logistics, continuously collect, organize, and store various green information during the logistics process, and apply it to logistics in a timely manner to promote the further greening of logistics. Integrate existing resources to build a green food supply chain. The food supply chain includes processes from seedling breeding to field management, agricultural and livestock product processing, preservation and circulation, market sales, and waste recycling. Carry out training on green agricultural product consumption technology for farmers, pass on green technology and information to them, apply advanced green logistics scientific research results to agricultural production in a timely manner, and improve the scientific and technological content of agriculture.
3.2 Establish and improve the profit distribution mechanism and supervision and management mechanism of enterprises at each node of the supply chain
Implementing green supply chain management, due to the adoption of new processes, new materials, new technologies, and technological innovation The increase in investment may increase the costs of enterprises in the short term. Therefore, in order to ensure that the interests of green enterprises are not damaged and to encourage the green development of other enterprises in the chain, a reasonable profit distribution mechanism needs to be established to ensure the rationality of profit distribution. Thereby improving the greenness of the entire supply chain. In addition, problems in any link in the supply chain will affect the entire supply chain, causing the green supply chain to break. Therefore, in order to ensure the overall performance and greenness of the supply chain, a scientific and reasonable green performance evaluation system (economic performance indicators, environmental performance indicators, social performance indicators) should be established and improved, and supply chain members should help, supervise, and supervise each other, and resolutely Eliminate companies that do not meet green requirements and the overall interests of the supply chain. All of the above require core enterprises to play their due important roles.
3.3 Strengthen information sharing among supply chain members
Members of information sharing must include not only members within the green supply chain but also consumers. Due to limited knowledge and limited time, it is impossible for consumers to effectively identify and identify the food they consume. Therefore, consumers should become important members of information sharing within the green supply chain. Moreover, the content of information sharing must not only include inventory information but also the sharing of other knowledge and information, specifically including the sharing of information related to green technology, information on green product functions, etc. It should also be noted that the means of information sharing must include not only formal communication but also informal communication.
3.4 Comprehensively strengthen government supervision and legal system construction
To carry out comprehensive management in depth according to the law, we must adhere to the word of strictness, target key varieties, key places and weak links, increase governance efforts, and maintain We will severely crack down on the high-pressure situation of food safety violations and crimes, hold criminals accountable for their crimes in accordance with the law, and increase economic penalties to resolutely eradicate cancers that affect food safety. Each food safety regulatory department must have a clear division of labor, close cooperation, and interconnection, establish and improve long-term mechanisms, and improve the food safety laws and regulations system, standard system, and technical support system. Increase investment, improve policies, and pay close attention to basic work and standardization. Implement the main responsibilities of enterprises, accelerate the establishment of incentive and restraint mechanisms, strengthen the construction of integrity systems, strengthen social supervision, and promote enterprises to improve food safety management. Further improve the comprehensive coordination mechanism for food safety supervision, promote the effective connection of supervision measures among various government departments and links, and plug supervision loopholes.
4 Conclusion
The modern development trend of the food industry requires food companies to accelerate the implementation of green supply chain management to protect the environment and promote the sustainable development of the food industry. Based on the position of core enterprises in the supply chain, food enterprises can design and produce green products according to market demand, and fully apply green environmental protection ideas from both the product and corporate environmental behavior aspects to ensure the realization of food green supply chain management objectives. When food companies implement green supply chain management, they must choose an appropriate green brand strategy based on the actual situation of the company; use environmental performance as an important criterion for evaluating suppliers and cultivate green suppliers; do a good job in the ecological design of the supply chain and improve resource utilization ; Develop strategic alliance organizations to enhance supply chain enterprises’ green technology innovation and application capabilities and risk control capabilities. This article conducts a preliminary analysis of food green supply chain management. However, the construction and implementation of food green supply chain is a complex system engineering, and many issues require further in-depth research.
References:
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