Fiat owns 50% of the company, but the company can operate independently of Fiat. Ferrari cars are mostly hand-made, so the output is very low. The annual output is only about 4,000 vehicles, and the company is headquartered in Modena, Italy.
Enzo, founder of Ferrari Motor Company? Ferrari said that his favorite racing car is the one he hasn't built yet, and his greatest success is the one he hasn't realized yet. The Italian, known as the "father of racing", has been passionate about cars since he was a child. /kloc-When he was 0/3 years old, he finally persuaded his father and started his own solo driving history. The roar of the engine on the racetrack and the thrill of the race made him more and more brave. He drives an Alpha? Romeo galloped the field and won many battles, and was praised as the "knight" of the racing team by his teammates. He went from racing to forming a racing club, and finally founded his own car company. Ferrari is now called "Red Lightning".
Ferrari history
The early stage of the company's history must be related to the founder Enzo? Ferrari was linked, and he maintained a strong influence on the company until 1988 died. After that, Luca? Di？ Montezemolo 199 1 joined Ferrari at the end of the year, and he joined Enzo? The principle of innovation and courage advocated by Ferrari has proved its strength and brought Ferrari's success to an unprecedented height that it never dreamed of.
Enzo? Ferrari 1898 was born in Modena, Italy in February, and 1988 died in August at the age of 90. He used to be a racing driver of Fiat. Encouraged by Fiat, he founded Scuderia Ferrari Company in viale Trento, Modena on 1929 to help his partners participate in racing activities. Does the company use Alpha? Romeo game to 1938, Enzo? Ferrari joined Alfa? Romeo company, become the racing manager of Alfa Coase department. 65438+September 0939, Enzo? Ferrari left Alfa? Romeo Company established Auto Avio Costruzioni Ferrari Company on the original site of Ferrari Team Company. The new company provides services for companies such as Air Rome, Piaggio and Riv, and its main business is to manufacture machine tools, especially hydraulic power grinders.
After leaving Alfa, Ferrari soon began to develop two samples of an 8-cylinder 1500 cc racing car, which was called an 8 15 convertible racing car, although it agreed to abide by the non-competition clause of not manufacturing cars in its own name for four years. It took part in the Mille Miglia competition of 1940.
The outbreak of World War II brought all motor racing activities to a standstill. Ferrari's factory was moved from Modena to Maranello in 1943. Although the factory was bombed in February 1944, 1 1, 1945, the manufacture of the hydraulic grinder was not interrupted.
As soon as the war ended, they began to design and manufacture the first Ferrari racing car 125 Sport, which was a 1500cc 12-cylinder engine racing car. Racer Franco Cortese took part in the race in Piacenza on May 1947+0 1 and won two weeks later. Since then, Ferrari has won more than 5,000 victories in track and road races around the world, creating the legend of Ferrari today.
In order to cope with the growing market demand, Enzo? Ferrari sold 50% of its shares to Fiat Group in 1969, and Fiat Group held 90% of its shares in 1988. Nevertheless, due to highly specialized production, Ferrari has always maintained a completely independent operation.
1977, Carrozzeria Scaglietti, a famous expert in automobile body design and manufacturing, joined Ferrari. Since 1950s, he has been designing chassis and body for Ferrari GT sports car.
1997, Fiat gave 50% shares of Maserati to Ferrari, a legendary automobile brand rooted in Modena, which was acquired by Fiat in 1993. 1999, Ferrari completely took over Maserati.
Maserati is a sports car manufacturer with a long history, a symbol of Excellence and nobility for a long time, an undisputed star in Italian racing history and Ferrari's earliest rival on the track. Under the management of Ferrari, it embarked on the road of revival, and its automobile series and factory facilities were completely updated. With the completion of the renewal process, Maserati returned to the direct management of Fiat Group in April 2005.
By the end of 2006, Ferrari had won 65,438+04 Formula One drivers' championships, 65,438+04 Formula One teams' championships, 65,438+04 manufacturers' world championships, 9 24 Hours of Le Mans races, 8 Mille Miglia races, 7 Targa Florio races and no less than 65,438+092 Formula One races.
Ferrari's legendary prancing horse logo has a heroic origin. Francesco Baracca, an Italian pilot who won high honors in World War I, first adopted the logo as a personal badge and sprayed it on the fuselage of an airplane.
After the war, Baraka's parents entrusted Enzo with this symbol of prancing horse. Ferrari, Ferrari put it on the yellow (Modena color) shield background as a symbol of the team.
The legendary "Ferrari red" was originally only the color assigned to Italian cars by the International Automobile Federation at the beginning of last century, as the special color for these cars to participate in the grand prix.
Ferrari's red
In many parts of the world, some colors have only one symbolic meaning. In football, orange stands for Dutch football and blue stands for Italian football. In the automobile world, it is easy for a technological innovation to write down a brand. Turbocharging technology can make people write down Sic Bo cars; L6 engine is the pride of BMW; Four-wheel drive represents the glory of Audi; Luxury car is synonymous with Rolls-Royce; Off-road vehicle is synonymous with Land Rover; F 1 is synonymous with Ferrari. If you want to find a color to quote a brand in the automobile industry, then it must be the red Ferrari! If F 1 is the best advertising form of Ferrari, then red is the color that best represents the sportsmanship! In contrast, the clubs with the largest number of fans in China are Manchester United and AC Milan. These two excellent teams are also popular! Ferrari was the only team that participated in the first F 1950 race. Ferrari's nearly 100-year history also has its trough. In the 1960s, Ferrari was almost sold to Ford Motor Company. Enzo Ferrari insisted on staying red. Today, Britain's Rolls-Royce has long been the property of the German national treasure Sagittarius; Italy's Lin Baojiani is already the pride of the Germans. Ferrari has always supported it and has become the proudest color and ideal in Italy. Compared with Stuttgart in Germany and Detroit in the United States, Modena, an Italian town that produces Ferrari, is unknown, but its red color is unique in the world! Rolls-Royce is the top masterpiece of luxury cars; Land Rover is also a well-deserved champion of off-road vehicles. But what they have created is only a perfect car culture. In rally and road races, they have no domineering attitude. But Ferrari has always been pursuing a realm of integration of people and cars. In the 20th century, Italy made red to the extreme. It's even hard to say whether Ferrari is a sports car or a racing car. Almost every Ferrari can become a road race participant without modification! Ferrari's direct rivals are Lamborghini and Porsche, but their competition with Ferrari is more psychological satisfaction. If Lamborghini is rock music and Porsche is country music, then Ferrari is classical music. Now is a century advocating environmental protection, but the green car made by Honda team F 1 has left a funny joke, but it is not the fault of Honda team. Nowadays, many off-road vehicles are also pursuing high horsepower, which should not be. Ferrari doesn't have a series of off-road vehicles, and it doesn't aim for more horsepower. In the heart of every car fan, there is also a dream about the event or design. And red has always been the dream of every Ferrari fan. Germany and the United States are places that every racer wants to stay, and Italy is the place that all designers are willing to go in the end.
/kloc-The Renaissance in the 0/6th century swept Europe from Italy, and centuries of humanistic Renaissance accumulated in every inch of the Apennine Peninsula, including Milan, Rome, Turin, Florence and Venice. Lamborghini, Ferrari, Maserati, Alfa Romeo, Fiat ... These exciting names were born from this land. Italy's strategy of conquering Europe and the world has been sublimated from force to art.
In Italy and even the whole world, Lamborghini is very strange. It was born mysteriously and unexpectedly launched one amazing supercar after another. Lamborghini best represents the 2700-year history of Rome. Rome, the city of seven hills, was built in a difficult place, and its expansion and attack were condensed in the blood at the first moment. Lamborghini is a natural enemy of Ferrari and destined to be a strong opponent of all super sports cars in the world. It is a demon, but it is not here to ravage the world. It is Satan because it has gone the other way. It is a rare work of art in the world, and Gandini, the most famous Italian designer, devoted his life to it. Every corner and every line is so perfect that it silently interprets Lamborghini's almost primitive beauty. Not many people can have it because it is incredibly expensive. It is high above, breathing the thin air in the sky and attracting the admiration of the ground.
Lamborghini supercar, which came to this world to challenge Ferrari, may one day change its mission when it was born, but its lifelong inheritance is absurd and unreasonable. Such a maverick sports car brand has been the focus of car chase and curiosity in the world for decades.
Friken? Lamborghini, the founder of Lamborghini supercar, is a car giant wearing a mysterious veil. The most elusive geek in sports car manufacturing keeps creating a series of life puzzles that are hard to guess.
April 28th, 2006 is an unforgettable day for all Lamborghini fans. Its founder, Fraken? Lamborghini was born in Ferrara near Bologna, a major town in northern Italy.
Friken? Lamborghini spent his childhood in the countryside. Attracted by the agricultural machinery and equipment that can be seen everywhere in the countryside, he decided to become a mechanic. The support of parents added a fire to Lamborghini's enthusiasm. Before entering the Italian Air Force, Lamborghini first entered the Institute of Mechanical Engineering in Bologna, where he received the most formal and rigorous training. This period of study will prove invaluable in the future.
At the end of World War II, Lamborghini was captured by the Allies and imprisoned in the beautiful island of Rhode Island in the Aegean Sea. After his release, Lamborghini returned to his hometown of Ferrara, where he devoted himself to converting general vehicles into agricultural vehicles. At that time, many people thought Lamborghini was taking risks, but his adventure was later proved to be successful. 1948 Lamborghini bought a workshop for processing agricultural vehicles and produced tractors here.
Italy badly needed agricultural machinery and vehicles after the war, so Lamborghini accumulated a lot of wealth, which also allowed him to indulge in buying Ferrari sports cars. At the age of 32, Lamborghini converted topolino)500cc sports car into 750cc, and participated in the world-famous mille mgila. Although Lamborghini quit halfway for mechanical reasons, it did not reduce the interest of Lamborghini onlookers. After that, letters inviting Lamborghini to help improve Ferrari's fun flooded in.
1959, Lamborghini's tractor output can reach 10 vehicles/day, second only to Italy's Fiat and ferguson. At this time, Lamborghini made diversified investment, entered the field of air conditioning and heating, and led a wave of optimizing after-sales service. Lamborghini had planned to set up an aircraft company, but Italian government officials refused to issue Lamborghini a license to produce helicopters.
The unhappy Lamborghini began his decades-long legend with Enzo Ferrari, the father of Ferrari. In the early days, Enzo Ferrari devoted all his energy to racing. General road cars are only used to make money to supplement the development of racing cars, so the pavement effect of civilian Ferrari is not very good. Many car owners are very dissatisfied with their cars, but they dare not complain because they may be forbidden to buy Ferraris.
Among Lamborghini's four Ferrari sports cars, his favorite Ferrari 250 broke down. He was anxious to find the service department of Ferrari sports car manufacturing company to complain about the gearbox problem, but he was given a cold shoulder. Angry Lamborghini personally visited Enzo Ferrari, and Enzo Ferrari's reply to Lamborghini was once again icy: I don't think I need a farmer to tell me how to make a car!
Lamborghini, who was aloof by nature, was laughed at by people he respected. How can he let go? Lamborghini sold four Ferrari sports cars that he regarded as treasures and staged a Huashan sword discussion that attracted the attention of the world super sports car industry. Lamborghini Second Empire is located in Sartre, only 15km away from Modena, the capital of Ferrari. Augusta? Bolognese, Santagata, is newly built. From the beginning of the opening of "Lamborghini Sports Car Manufacturing Co., Ltd.", Lamborghini has determined its only entrepreneurial purpose-vowing to fight against Ferrari and never give up until it reaches its goal!
Lamborghini is a persistent person. In order to name the world's top sports car after himself, he did not hesitate to lose everything. It is this passion for cars that constantly attracts talented designers to join his ranks.
At the beginning of the new empire, Lamborghini recruited a large number of design talents from Ferrari and Maserati to form his team. These franchisees include Giotto Sarrini, the designer of the famous Ferrari 250gto, whose influence on Italian car in the 20th century was even higher than Enzo and Frecken. The reason why Bay Sarrini defected to Ferrari was that Enzo Ferrari refused to let him use the independent rear suspension. It has also been said that in 196 1 year, Enzo Ferrari fired Galdini, the business manager, without any reason, which led to the strike and resignation led by Bersars Lini and others. Many years later, Enzo Ferrari regretted letting Sarrini go. His 3.5-liter 360-horsepower v- 12 engine became Lamborghini's flag to challenge Ferrari.
Company souvenir
1973 Friken? Lamborghini wants to leave the empire he created himself, but Stani, Gandini and Broadcom have been famous for some time. Fraken? The most successful sports car in Lamborghini era came out. The birth of Contach seems to be the best farewell to Lamborghini.
Many people have explained why Lamborghini bid farewell to his beloved car factory. He didn't quit because of Contash's success, as everyone said. In fact, Lamborghini dedicated his half-life effort to others with sadness.
Lamborghini borrowed a large sum of money from the bank to participate in the development of the South American market, which could have brought him rich returns. Fate never announces in advance when it plays tricks on people. Latin American countries ordered tens of thousands of Lamborghini tractors, but due to the coup of 197 1, the debts owed were written off. Lamborghini had to sell his shares in order to repay the bank loan. 1973, Swiss businessman George Henry bought a 5 1% stake in Lamborghini. Lamborghini sold the remaining 49% shares to Rene Remo on 1974.
Friken? Lamborghini is old and tired of the ups and downs of life. He chose to live an idyllic and leisurely life in the grape-rich countryside in northern Italy. Shortly after Lamborghini retired, a new red wine was born in northern Italy. His name is Sanger di Mihura-bull's blood.
But Lamborghini will not bow so easily. Contash's orders have been uninterrupted for 20 consecutive years. As a super sports car, I have stood for so long in Lamborghini's most difficult period, and I have to give Lamborghini great support. In 1976, Lamborghini made several efforts to introduce silhouette-silhouette.
On the other hand, Lamborghini hopes to cooperate with BMW, and Lamborghini hopes to produce m 1 sports cars for BMW. This time, the German-Italian alliance finally aborted because of its distrust of BMW, and BMW chose a more stable automobile factory in Germany as its partner. After a long time, Lamborghini had to rely on the help of the Italian government to make a living. Rene Lemo wants to form a market alliance with De tommaso Automobile Company to explore the American market, but it has little effect. Nightmares continue to haunt Lamborghini, Friken? Lamborghini's successor made a mistake in management strategy. With the world-scale oil crisis, Lamborghini changed hands again.
1978, hubert hahne, a BMW racer and Lamborghini insurer, and raymond noima, a financier, bought Lamborghini. Soon, they were sold to zoltan Retty, a Hungarian-American. Under his persuasion, Lamborghini's creditor representatives George Mi Long and Alessandro Artest agreed to declare bankruptcy.
At this time, Lamborghini was invited to re-enter the mountain, and his former enterprise could be sold back to him at a discount. Lamborghini's stubborn personality is well known. He lost in Maicheng, so naturally he won't go back to clean up this mess today. He would rather watch his foundation empire collapse than start all over again. Lamborghini burned the last wooden bridge back to Boloheser.
1980, the Mimlam family bought Lamborghini at a price of 3.8 billion lira (3 million US dollars). Under the leadership of Milan, Lamborghini has made unprecedented great development.
At this time, Alfie Eli began to secretly carry out his "132" plan. Every successful work will not last forever, and Contash is no exception. Alfie Ellie is going to design Lamborghini's new flagship. There is no doubt that this will become another expensive investment of Lamborghini, and Milan will pay less money. At this time, Chrysler, far away from the other side of the ocean, turned its attention to Italy.
At this time, Chrysler was in charge of Iacocca, who had the reputation of "genius car salesman" in the United States. Energetic and impulsive, Iacocca was deeply attracted by Contash. "Like you, even your company will buy it." Fanaticism-the unchanging character of Lamborghini's owners in past dynasties. 1987 Iacocca spent $25 million on Lamborghini. Obtaining Lamborghini brand objectively improved Chrysler's world reputation.
Lamborghini, under the control of Chrysler, launched the 25th anniversary edition of Contax at 1988. This Contash was written by Gandini, and 400 cars were sold. This is the last contact in Lamborghini's history. 1990, Contash withdrew from the historical stage. The dark age has come.
199 1 year, Ghost reached the peak of sales, and Lamborghini's balance sheet struggled to get rid of the deficit. After 9 1 year, the world economy was depressed again. Faced with the bleak reality, Lamborghini had to try another way, such as studying urban electric vehicles and marine engines.
1993 February, Friken? Lamborghini faded out of the world automobile industry at the age of 72.
Just this year, the world economy improved slightly. In March, Lamborghini launched Ghost vt, and in September, Lamborghini launched a special edition of Ghost se to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the factory. Just when everything began to improve, Lamborghini's owner had to change again.
1993165438+1At the beginning of October, Chrysler suddenly signed a contract with mega tech consortium, which belongs to Indonesian consortium setcdo, registered in Bermuda, and transferred Lamborghini's manufacturing plant and technical department to the other party at a price of 4 1 10,000 USD. At that time, Iacocca bought Lamborghini out of admiration, but now Chrysler sold it quickly after Iacocca retired, and quite a few people have a cold taste of tea.
1995 Tommy, the extravagant youngest son of former Indonesian President Suharto, bought 60% shares in Lamborghini, thus becoming the new owner of Lamborghini. Suharto was jailed for political and economic scandals after the financial turmoil in Southeast Asia, and Tommy was also sentenced to 18 months imprisonment in September 2000 for defrauding state property. In April 2002, Tommy again faced four charges of plotting to assassinate a Supreme Court judge. Any of the four charges may result in the death penalty. Among Lamborghini's former owners, Tommy may be the most tragic ending in his life.
1998, Audi signed an agreement with the shareholders of Lamborghini in London, and Audi purchased all the assets of Lamborghini. On the occasion of the 5th anniversary of Freken Lamborghini's death and the 35th anniversary of Lamborghini's founding, this unyielding bull finally found the toughest backstage: Volkswagen.
Bentley, Bugatti and Rolls Royce were also acquired by 1998 together with Lamborghini. The future of Volkswagen seems obvious: Volkswagen, Skoda and Bentley take the road of traditional brands; Lamborghini, Bugatti, Audi, Seat and other brands are the main series of sports cars.
1999, Volkswagen started the road of reviving Lamborghini Empire. In June this year, Volkswagen hired former Ferrari manager giuseppe greco as the new president of Lamborghini.
Mullah-Kantas-Ghost, these three themes run through Lamborghini's nearly 40-year history. Confrontation with Porsche and Ferrari will continue. With the strong financial and technical support of the public, will Lamborghini win?
In April 2002, Pei Gerecke revealed the plans of Lamborghini l 147 and l 140. Lamborghini may launch l 147 in September 2002. As for the name, l 140 will be launched at the 40th anniversary celebration of Lamborghini in 2003. Lamborghini's current designer is Federico Giorgetto, the son of George Giorgetto.
Lamborghini Gallardo 5.0 metric tons
The lowest quotation is 2.98 million yuan.
5.0L 500 HP v 10 6 manual 4300×1900×165438 2-door 2-seater sports car with a top speed of 309/km 0- 100 and an acceleration time of 4.2.
Lamborghini Gallardo SPYDER
The lowest quotation is 3.38 million yuan.
5.0L 520 HP V 10 6-speed automatic 4300×1900×1842-door 2-seat soft-top convertible, top speed 3 14/km 0- 100, acceleration time 4.3.
Lamborghini Murcielago 6.5 metric tons
The lowest quotation is 4.38 million yuan.
6.5L 640 HP V 12 6 speed manual 4610× 2058×11352-door 2-seater sports car with a top speed of 340/km 0- 100 and an acceleration time of 3.4.
Lamborghini Murcielago E-Grar 6.5 AT
The lowest quotation is 4.58 million yuan.
6.5L 640 HP V 12 6-speed automatic 4610× 2058×11352-door 2-seat soft-top convertible has a top speed of 340/km 0- 100, and the acceleration time is 3.6.