1. General requirements for construction site laboratories

Each construction unit and resident supervision team should establish independent construction site laboratories in accordance with the requirements of the contract agreement and relevant documents of the transportation department. At the same time, the headquarters Establish a central laboratory to guide and supervise the work of all laboratories. According to the requirements of relevant documents of the Provincial Department, in order to meet the needs of engineering testing and testing, each construction site laboratory should have corresponding technical strength, instruments and equipment, environmental conditions and management levels, and have a certificate of qualification issued by the Quality Supervision Station of the Provincial Department of Transportation. The specific The requirements are as follows:

A) Test and inspection personnel

① Familiar with the standards, specifications, procedures of transportation construction engineering test inspections and the principles, performance and operation of instruments and equipment, etc., and have certain knowledge Experience in testing and testing of transportation construction projects and good professional qualities.

② There should be no less than 2 professional test and inspection technicians, and a corresponding number of skilled workers.

③The technical person in charge should have the title of engineer and have more than 3 years of experience in testing and testing.

④ Test and inspection personnel should hold certificates to work.

B), the work and management system should be sound, and various rules and regulations, operating procedures, measurement certificates (copies), etc. should be posted on the corresponding walls. Mainly include:

(a) Work procedures and quality management

(b) Job responsibility system

(c) Laboratory instrument and equipment management system

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(d) Safety and health system

(e) Sample, data and file management system

(f) Relevant test and testing standards, specifications, procedures and technical documents etc.

C) Testing items and main instruments and equipment

(1) Subgrade engineering

(a) Testing items: soil standard compaction test, soil Liquid plastic limit test, soil screening, lime effective calcium oxide and magnesium oxide determination, lime dosage, roadbed compaction, rebound deflection, flatness, etc.

(b) Main instruments: standard compaction instrument, 100g liquid-plastic limit joint tester, subgrade density testing equipment (sand filling cylinder, etc.), simple chemical analysis equipment (burette and glass dish, etc.) , balances (one ten thousandth analytical balance, etc.), soil sieves, ovens, road deflection meters, three-meter rulers, levels, theodolite (total station), etc.

(2) Pavement sub-base, base layer

(a) Test items that must be done: standard test for lime soil mix ratio, standard test for lime gravel mix ratio, standard impact test Real, soil liquid plastic limit test, lime soil compressive strength, lime gravel compressive strength, lime dosage, lime available calcium oxide and magnesium oxide content, lime soil density, lime gravel density, gravel screening, collection Material crushing value, lime gravel thickness, etc.

(b) Main instruments: standard compaction instrument, 100g liquid-plastic limit joint tester, base layer compactness testing equipment (sand filling cylinder, etc.), simple chemical analysis equipment (burette and glass bottle, etc.) , balance (one ten thousandth of a balance, etc.), lime soil pressure tester, test mold, standard curing room (box), specimen forming equipment, demoulding device, oven, aggregate crushing value meter, pavement material strength tester , standard gravel sieve, stripper, level, theodolite (total station), etc.

(3) Asphalt surface layer

(a) Required tests and inspection items: penetration, ductility, softening point, Marshall stability, asphalt content, screening , mud content, slender flat particle content, crushing value, hydrophilic coefficient, density, anti-skid performance, rebound deflection, surface layer thickness, etc.

(b) Main instruments: asphalt penetration, ductility, softening point tester, asphalt mixture Marshall tester, asphalt mixture extraction instrument, asphalt pavement anti-skid performance testing equipment, standard screen (square hole), aggregate crushing value index tester, asphalt mixture Marshall specimen compaction instrument, asphalt mixture mixer, oven, continuous flatness meter, three-meter ruler, deflection meter, pavement core Drilling rig, constant temperature water bath, level, theodolite (total station), etc.

(4) Structural Engineering

(a) Required test items: sand and stone screening and mud content, needle-like particle content and crushing value, cement Standard tests for concrete mix proportions (mixture properties), compressive strength of cement concrete, slump, conventional tests of cement: setting time, volume stability, mortar strength (new standard), tensile test of steel, cold bending test and welding process testing, etc.

(b) Main instruments: sand and stone standard sieve (round hole), needle and chip gauge, oven, vibration table and mixing equipment, slump cylinder, test mold (10 pieces), 2000KN press, standard curing room; 1000KN or 600KN universal testing machine, cement standard consistency meter, cement slurry mixer, planetary mortar mixer, shaking table, boiling box, standard curing box, level, theodolite (total station ), two-meter ruler, three-meter ruler, stone crushing value tester, crushing index value tester, etc.

Regulations on test and testing items: (1) The compaction degree of all roadbed and pavement projects shall be tested using the sand filling method; (2) Each soil sample and different soil sources shall be tested and drawn at the specified frequency. Lime soil compaction curve and ash dose attenuation curve for dose 1-12.

D) Environment

The environmental conditions of the construction site laboratory should meet the requirements of its work tasks.

(a) The test room should be set up in a room with a brick-concrete structure. The floor should be paved with cement, the walls should be simply painted, and a solid and flat test console should be built.

(b) The test room should be clean and tidy, and the testing equipment should be placed for easy operation and should be reasonably classified according to their functional requirements to avoid mutual interference.

(c) The indoor lighting is good, the pipes and wiring are neatly arranged, and safety management measures are in place.

2. Resident Supervision Group Laboratory

The task of the Resident Supervision Group Laboratory is to effectively supervise, inspect and control the materials, processes, and construction quality of each project. , to ensure that the quality of each project meets the requirements of relevant regulations. In addition to independently conducting re-inspections, the resident supervision group laboratory should also effectively supervise, inspect and manage the personnel, equipment, test methods and data management of the contractor's laboratory. To this end, the resident supervision team should establish an independent construction site laboratory in accordance with the requirements of the construction site laboratory. At the same time, it should also conduct the following tests in accordance with the requirements of the project progress:

(1) Verification test

Verification testing is the pre-qualification of materials or commercial components to determine whether they can be used in engineering.

The verification test shall be carried out in accordance with the following requirements:

a) Before ordering materials or commercial components, the contractor shall be required to provide the manufacturer’s product qualification certificate and test report, if necessary. Supervisors should also conduct on-site investigations to understand the production equipment, processes and product qualification rates of stone manufacturers, and take samples for testing. It is strictly prohibited to allow unqualified materials or commercial components to enter the construction site.

b) After materials or commercial components are transported to the site, sampling tests should be carried out according to the specified batch size and frequency. Unqualified materials or commercial components are not allowed to be used in the project, and the contractor must be supervised to transport them to the site within a time limit. outside.

c). During construction, random sampling tests and inspections of compliance of materials or commercial components used in the project should be conducted.

d) Supervise and inspect the storage, stacking, custody and protective measures of various materials at any time.

(ii) Standard test

Standard test is a pre-construction data collection on the inherent quality of each project. It is the scientific basis for controlling and guiding construction, including various Standard compaction test, aggregate gradation test, mixture ratio test, structural strength test, etc. It should be carried out in accordance with the following requirements:

a) Before the start of each project, the contractor should complete the standard test first and submit the test report and test materials to the resident supervision team within the contract or within the time specified in the contract. For laboratory review, the resident supervision engineer shall send test supervision personnel to participate in the entire process of the contractor's test and conduct effective on-site supervision and inspection.

b) The laboratory of the resident supervision group shall independently conduct parallel review (comparison) tests at the same time or after the contractor conducts standard tests, and report the test results to the central test along with the contractor's test results. The laboratory will then conduct a review test and approve it.

(iii), process test

Process test is based on the provisions of the technical specifications. Before starting construction, the subgrade, pavement and other sub-projects that need to pass pre-test before formal construction can be carried out. Conduct process tests in advance, and then comprehensively guide construction based on the test results. The process test shall be carried out in accordance with the following requirements:

a) The resident supervision engineer shall require the contractor to propose the construction plan and implementation details of the process test and review them.

b) There should be two or more sets of plans for the mechanical combination, personnel allocation, materials, construction procedures, pre-embedded observation and operation methods of the process test, so that selection can be made through the test.

c) The resident supervision engineer should supervise the entire process of the contractor's process test and make detailed records. Important process test center laboratories should send personnel to participate.

d). After the process test is completed, the contractor shall submit a complete test report, which shall be reviewed by the resident supervision engineer. Important process tests shall be reported to the chief supervisory engineer for approval.

(iv), Sampling test

Sampling test is to check the actual inherent quality of various projects during the implementation. The content should include the physical properties of various materials, earthwork And other filling construction density, strength of concrete and asphalt mixture, etc. are measured and tested. Sampling tests shall be carried out in accordance with the following requirements:

a) The resident supervision engineer shall inspect the contractor's various sampling frequencies, sampling methods and test processes.

b) The laboratory of the resident supervision team should independently conduct sampling tests at the specified frequency to verify whether the contractor's sampling tests are true and reliable.

c) When the side station supervisor, professional supervision engineer, or resident supervision engineer has questions about the construction quality or materials and makes requests, the contractor may be required to conduct re-sampling tests and verification tests. The laboratory of the resident supervision team will also be conducted when necessary.

(v), Acceptance test

The acceptance test is to evaluate the actual inherent quality of each completed project. The following requirements should be followed:

a) The resident supervision engineer shall dispatch supervision personnel to effectively supervise the frequency, sampling method and test process of the drill core sampling tests conducted by the contractor.

b). The resident supervision engineer shall review and approve on-site the test plan, equipment and methods of the loading test or other testing test items carried out by the contractor in accordance with the requirements of the technical specifications, and conduct on-site inspection and supervision of the implementation of the test; Evaluate the test results.

(3) Strict inspection of material quality

Strict inspection of material quality is a basic and extremely important part of ensuring the quality of the project. The contractor should consciously choose the source of materials To ensure the quality of materials, the resident supervision team should strengthen strict supervision and control of incoming materials and do a good job in sampling and inspection of project materials. The specific methods and regulations are as follows:

(i), cement

a), logo

The cement bag should be clearly marked: factory name, production license number, Variety name, code, label, packaging year, month, day and serial number. The cement name and label should be printed on both sides of the packaging bag. Portland cement and ordinary cement are printed in red, slag cement is printed in green, and volcanic ash and fly ash cement are printed in red. black.

b), raw material quality requirements

The cement brand and manufacturer used in the project should comply with the relevant document requirements of the Construction Office, and it should have the manufacturer's test certificate (warranty letter), Its physical properties and chemical composition comply with relevant national standards. If you have any doubts about the quality of cement, you can entrust the relevant unit to conduct analysis and testing of the constituent materials.

c), sampling method and sampling quantity

For cement entering the site from the same manufacturer, same quality, same number, and same production date, 100t will be considered as one batch (less than 100t) Treat as one batch) for acceptance, and take samples at least once per batch.

Cement samples must be collected equally from different parts of the same numbered cement at at least 20 sampling points. After the obtained cement sample is thoroughly mixed, it should be packed in a moisture-proof container with a weight of not less than 12KG.

d), general test items

Test items such as mortar strength (3d, 28d), stability, setting time, fineness, standard consistency water consumption, etc.

ii), cement concrete

(a) Raw material quality requirements

Coarse aggregate (gravel) should be hard, clean, uniform in stone quality, and strong in strength. High, the particles are approximately cubic, complying with relevant technical standards.

(b) Sampling method and sampling quantity

For every 500t of gravel coming into the site from the same material source and with the same grade (less than 500t, it will be treated as one batch). For acceptance, take at least one sample per batch. When sampling from the pile, the sampling parts should be evenly distributed. Select five different parts evenly distributed at the top, middle and bottom of the pile. Before sampling, remove the surface of the sampling parts, and then extract approximately 15 equal parts of stone from each part, mix them evenly, and form a set of samples. Not less than 60KG.

(c) General test items

Sieving analysis test, apparent specific gravity test, bulk density test, needle flake content test, crushing index value test, etc.

2), fine aggregate

(a) Raw material quality requirements

The fine aggregate entering the site should be clean, hard, and meet the requirements of relevant technical standards .

(b) Sampling method and sampling quantity

For every 200t (less than 200t are treated as one batch) of fine aggregate from the same source and particle size class entering the site: For batch acceptance, each batch must be sampled at least once. When sampling from the pile, the sampling locations should be evenly distributed. Before sampling, remove the surface layer of the sampling site, and then extract approximately equal 8 portions of sand from each site and mix them evenly to form a set of samples. Not less than 10KG.

(c) General test items

Sieving analysis test, apparent specific gravity test, bulk density test, mud content test, etc.

iii). Sampling of concrete specimens for acceptance.

1) Concrete samples of different grades and different mix ratios must be taken separately. The samples should be taken at the outflow point of the mixer. Precast concrete is picked up from the delivery truck outflow point. A set of test pieces consists of at least three 150mm × 150mm × 150mm cubes, which are completed by the contractor under the guidance of the supervision engineer; if the supervision engineer deems it necessary, an additional three cubes will be added for re-inspection by the supervision engineer; used for strength prediction The number of cubes is determined by the contractor.

2) For general-volume structures (such as foundations and piers), at least 2 groups should be produced for each unit.

3) For continuous pouring of large-volume structures, at least 2 groups should be made every 80 to 200m3 or each working shift.

4). For each beam with a length of less than 16m, at least 1 group should be made, for 16-30, at least 2 groups should be made, for 31-50, at least 3 groups should be made, and for beams above 50m, at least 5 groups should be made. At least 2 groups of small components should be produced in each batch or work shift.

5). At least 2 groups should be prepared for each bored pile. If the pile length is more than 20m, at least 3 groups should be prepared. If the column diameter is large and the pouring time is long, at least 4 groups should be prepared. If the work shift location is changed, test pieces should be prepared for each work shift.

6) For small structures, at least 2 groups should be prepared for each building, each group or each work shift. When the raw materials and mix proportions are the same and mixed by the same mixing station, several or Combine several places to make 2 groups.

iv), sampling and testing of cement mortar and pebble concrete

Unless otherwise instructed by the supervising engineer, important and main masonry, different strength levels and different mix proportions For cement mortar and pebble concrete, 2 sets of test specimens are prepared in each work shift (for each set of specimens, six 70.7mm×70.7mm×70.7mm cubes are taken for the cement mortar, and three 150mm×150mm×150mm cubes are taken for the pebble concrete). cube). For general and minor masonry, one set of test pieces shall be taken for each working shift.

v), steel sampling method

Each batch of steel bars after entering the site (same variety, same grade, same cross-sectional size, same heat number, same manufacturer, same delivery time Choose any three steel bars from each batch (each 20t is a batch), and cut out a group of specimens from each group. Each group has 2 specimens. One specimen is used for the tensile test (yield strength, tensile strength and elongation); For cold deformation test; one test piece is used for weldability test.

vi) Sampling of welded joints

1. Flash butt welding: 300 welded steel bars of the same type are used under the same welding conditions (the same welder uses the same welding method in the same shift) Welding parameters) welding shall be counted as one batch; less than 300 welds within a week shall also be counted as one batch. Arc welding: 300 welded steel bars of the same type under the same welding conditions are considered as a batch, and less than 300 are also counted as a batch.

(1) Appearance: No less than 10 test pieces in each batch of 10 shall undergo visual inspection.

(2) Tensile test: 3 specimens in each batch are subjected to tensile test.

(3) Bending test: Take 3 specimens from each batch for bending test.

2. Arc welding joints

Tensile test: Cut 3 joints from each batch for tensile test.

3. Steel mechanical joints

(1) On-site inspection of steel mechanical joints is carried out according to the acceptance batch. Under the same construction conditions, the same grade, same type and same specifications of joints of the same batch of materials are used , 500 pieces will be regarded as an acceptance batch for inspection and acceptance, and less than 500 pieces will also be regarded as an acceptance batch. For each acceptance check, 3 specimens must be randomly selected from the structure for uniaxial tensile testing. (2) Appearance quality inspection of sleeve extrusion joints

② Randomly select 10 extrusion joints from each acceptance batch for appearance quality inspection. If the number of unqualified appearance quality is less than 10 of the number of random inspections, then The appearance quality of this batch of extrusion joints is rated as qualified;

② When the number of unqualified joints exceeds the random inspection data of 10, the batch of extrusion joints should be re-inspected one by one, and the extrusion joints that do not meet the appearance should be Take remedial measures; if remediation is not possible, a mark should be made;

③ Take 6 specimens from joints with unqualified appearance for tensile strength test. If the tensile strength of 1 specimen is lower than the specified value , then the batch of extrusion joints with unqualified appearance should be reported to the supervisory engineer for negotiation with the design unit, and the records should be recorded.

4. Sampling requirements

(1) Flash butt welding: The length of the tensile test piece is 500mm, and the joint should be located in the center of the test piece. The length of the butt-welded cold-formed test piece is 300mm, and the joint is located in the center of the test piece. During the (cold-bending test), the metal burrs and upsetting deformation on the pressure-bearing surface should be eliminated and flush with the surface of the base metal.

(2) Lap welding: The length of the tensile test piece is 500mm. Reinforcement bars with diameters above 25mm should be longer. Overlap in the middle of the specimen. Note that the overlapping section of the two connected steel bars should first be bent at an angle of about 915 degrees) so that the two steel bars after lap welding are in the same straight line.

(3) Sleeve cold extrusion (conical thread joint): The length of the tensile test piece is 600mm, and the joint should be located in the middle of the test piece.

vii), soil

a), soil sample requirements

The use of undisturbed soil or disturbed soil depends on the project object. For bridges, culverts, tunnels, retaining walls, natural foundations of houses and buildings, as well as excavation slopes, channels, etc., original soil samples should be taken; such as filled roadbeds, dams, borrow pits 9) or only soil samples Classification testers may take disturbed soil samples.

b), sampling method and sampling quantity

Soil samples can be taken from test pits, adits, shafts, natural ground and boreholes. When taking undisturbed soil samples, the original structure and natural moisture content of the soil samples must be maintained, and the soil samples must not be disturbed. When using a drill to collect soil, the diameter of the soil sample should not be less than 10cm, and a special thin-walled soil collector should be used; when digging undisturbed soil in a test pit or under the natural ground, an iron-walled soil collector with upper and lower covers can be used to open the soil sample. Lower the cover and buckle it on the soil layer to be removed. While digging the soil around the tube, press the soil tube until the tube is half full of soil samples. Then dig out the soil layer 9 at the bottom of the tube or swing it left or right to break). Take out the soil tube and turn it over. Cut off the soil sample in the tube.

If there are gaps around it, it can be filled with original soil, cover the lower cover, and seal the soil tube; when collecting disturbed soil, the surface soil should be removed first, and then the samples should be taken in layers using the quartering method. For saline soil, layered sampling should generally be conducted at vertical depths of 0-0.05m, 0.05-0.25m, 0.25-0.50m, 0.50-0.75m, and 0.75-1.0m. At the same time, the sampling season, time and temperature should be recorded.

The number of soil samples shall be taken in accordance with Table 3.0.1-1 of the "Highway Geotechnical Test Regulations" (JTJ051-93).

When the contractor conducts soil investigation and testing, each type of soil in each borrow pit shall be sampled and tested once, and the investigation and test results shall be reported in writing to the supervising engineer for record; before embankment filling, , take samples for testing every 500m3 or when the soil quality changes.

c), general test items

When doing borrow pit survey tests, test items: (1) Liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, Natural consistency

(2) Particle size analysis test

(3) Moisture content test

(4) Density test

(5 ) Relative density test

(6) Soil compaction test

(7) Soil bearing ratio test (CBR) value

(8) Organic matter content Water volume and soluble salt content test

Before embankment filling, routine tests such as particle analysis, water content and compactness, liquid limit and plastic limit, organic matter content, bearing ratio (CBR), and compaction should be carried out. .

viii), lime

a), logo and quality

Lime powder can use kraft paper bags, composite paper bags that comply with GB9774 regulations, or woven bags that comply with SG213 regulations Bag packaging, the bag should be marked with: factory name, product name, trademark, net weight and batch number. The net weight of each bag of quick lime is divided into two types: 40kg and 50kg. The weight deviation of each bag shall not be greater than 1kg. The net weight of each bag of hydrated lime is divided into two types: 20kg and 40kg. The weight difference of each bag shall not be greater than 0.5kg and 1kg. When each batch of products leaves the factory, a quality certificate should be provided. The certificate should indicate the factory name, trademark, product name, grade, test results, batch number, date of manufacture, this standard number and description of function.

Lime should comply with the requirements of level III or above specified in Table 4.2.2 of "Technical Specifications for Highway Pavement Base Construction" (JTJ034-2000). Lime should be stored in sheds and can be protected from wind and rain. Lime should be placed in 7 days before use in the project, fully digest it into a powder that can pass through a 10mm sieve hole, and conduct the test according to the "Test Procedure for Stable Materials of Inorganic Binders for Long Highway Projects" (JTJ057-94).

b), sampling method and quantity

With 100t as one batch, bulk quicklime powder should be randomly sampled or sampled using an automatic sampler; 10 bags of quicklime should be randomly selected from this batch of products. The total quantity of bag samples shall not be less than 3kg. For bagged slaked lime, 10 bags of samples are taken from each batch of products, and 100g samples are taken from different positions in each bag. The total quantity is not less than 1kg.

c), General test items

Effective calcium oxide and magnesium oxide content, if possible, a fineness test of 0.90mm sieve can be done.

ix), fly ash

a), factory mark

The factory shall inspect batches of pulverized coal in accordance with relevant regulations and issue a factory certificate , its contents include:

(1) Factory name and batch number

(2) Certificate number and date

(3) Level and quantity of fly ash

(4) Inspection results

b), raw material quality

The total content of SiO2, AI2O3, and Fe2O3 in road fly ash should be greater than 70. The loss on ignition of coal ash should not exceed 20, and the specific area of ??fly ash should be greater than 2500cm3/g. Both dry fly ash and wet fly ash can be used. If dry fly ash is piled in open space, water should be added to prevent it from flying and causing pollution. .

c), sampling method and quantity

Conduct random sampling inspection on the quality of fly ash using 200 tons of supplied fly ash of the same grade as one batch

(1) Bulk ash sampling: Take 10 test portions from different parts, each portion is not less than 1kg, mix well, and shrink the test to twice the size of the test according to the quartering method (called the average test).

(2) Sampling of bagged ash: randomly select 10 bags from each batch, and take a sample of not less than 1kg from each bag, and use the quartering method to shrink the sample twice as large as the test sample (called average test).

d), general test items

Road fly ash is generally tested for the total content, loss on ignition, and specific area of ??SiO2, AI2O3, and Fe2O3 of fly ash; The general test items for coal ash concrete are fineness (45um square hole sieve residue), loss on ignition, water demand ratio measured once a month, sulfur trioxide content should be measured once every quarter, and moisture content test can be done if conditions permit.

4. Strengthen construction site laboratory management

In order to improve the overall level of the construction site laboratory and ensure the standardization, accuracy, timeliness and legality of the data issued by the laboratory, we must better To give full play to the role of the laboratory in engineering quality control, all relevant units must strengthen the construction and management of the construction site laboratory, clarify responsibilities, and standardize operating procedures. The specific requirements are as follows:

1. The central laboratory is in command Under the leadership of the department, it provides business guidance and supervision to the entire construction site laboratory. As a testing and testing institution, it should provide timely, accurate and scientific data to the project management personnel, and provide opinions on the test data and problems that arise, as the basis for the director's decision-making. ; The resident supervision laboratory shall supervise and inspect the work of the contractor's laboratory, and promptly carry out re-inspection and acceptance of the project in accordance with regulations; the contractor's laboratory shall carry out the test self-inspection of the project in accordance with relevant regulations and report to the resident in a timely manner Supervision team.

2. In accordance with the procedures and methods of project supervision, the contractor should report the test self-inspection results to the resident supervision team, which will review and re-inspect them. At the same time, the resident supervisor summarizes the results of self-inspection and random inspection of the laboratory and reports them to the chief supervisory engineer. The central laboratory will summarize the random inspection results and report them to the chief supervisory engineer on a regular basis. Each construction site laboratory should establish and improve the project quality reporting system on ten days, monthly, and quarterly, so as to accurately and timely reflect the quality of project construction (see the attachment for the basic information form to be reported).

3. With excellent work efficiency, each construction site laboratory has advanced awareness of compaction and mix ratio tests, and can ensure and cooperate with project progress requirements. After the resident supervision team receives the contractor's test application, the central laboratory must go to the site to take samples and test within 24 hours after receiving the notice from the Construction Office.

4. The test equipment and instruments in each construction site laboratory should be submitted to the relevant government supervision departments for calibration. At the same time, they should be inspected regularly or irregularly, and inspection records should be kept and an instrument and equipment management ledger should be established. . The resident supervision engineer shall supervise the contractor's implementation.

5. Various testing and testing work in local laboratories should be carried out in accordance with national and ministerial-level industry norms, standards, procedures and other regulations as well as the relevant construction guidance documents of the Construction Office. If there are inconsistent testing standards and frequency requirements during implementation, the higher requirements should be followed based on the principle of ensuring project quality. The resident supervision engineer shall supervise the contractor to implement this.

6. Testing and testing personnel should undergo professional training, be familiar with corresponding test specifications, procedures and relevant technical documents, etc., and hold certificates to work; laboratory personnel must not change at will.

7. The test and inspection frequency is the contractor’s self-inspection frequency of 100, the resident supervision team’s random inspection frequency shall not be less than 20, and the central laboratory’s random inspection frequency is 6.

8. The sampling and inspection of the test should be carried out by the construction unit and sent to the laboratory under the witness of the resident supervision team or the central laboratory. The sampler and witness shall be responsible for the authenticity and representativeness of the sample.

9. When unqualified projects occur, each construction site laboratory should promptly report in writing to the person in charge of the construction unit, the resident supervision team, and the central laboratory; those that affect the progress of the project or have serious problems should be Report to relevant departments within 24 hours.

10. When the test results of the resident supervision team's laboratory and the test results of the contractor's laboratory differ beyond the allowable error, the result that is beneficial to the quality of the project should generally prevail. If the contractor refuses to accept it, the general headquarters will conduct a verification test, which shall be used as the basis for the director's approval or determination.

11. Test order forms, original records, test reports, etc. must be led by professional classifications and uniformly numbered, and designated personnel should be assigned to file and preserve the files in accordance with relevant requirements; the information should be filled in accurately and standardizedly, and no arbitrary alterations are allowed; The test data must be realistic, the data and conclusions must be accurate and reliable, and must have the signatures of the tester, auditor and the person in charge of the test technology. Any adverse consequences caused by errors in laboratory work shall be held accountable to the relevant units and parties involved.

12. Have a good test environment. The room should be clean and tidy. The testing equipment should be placed for easy operation and reasonably classified according to its functional requirements to avoid mutual interference. All rules, regulations, operating procedures, etc. are complete and posted on the wall as required.