The porcelain industry in Dehua has a large scale and wide distribution in the past dynasties. It is truly spectacular. From densely populated city gates to remote mountain villages, from fields to mountains and dense forests, ancient porcelain pieces and porcelain can often be found. The ruins of the ancient porcelain kiln, the white porcelain pieces with bright flowers, are like stars scattered in the world, like pieces of white jade inlaid on the earth, embellishment of the verdant and green mountains and countryside even more beautiful. A total of 238 kiln sites have been discovered in the county from the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing and the Republic of China. Ancient kiln sites are distributed in 18 towns and villages in the county, among which the "Qudou Palace Dehua Kiln Site" (including the Xunzhong Kiln Site) has been discovered. In 1988, the State Council promulgated the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council in 1988. Dehua began to produce and use ceramics as early as the late Neolithic primitive society. By the late Tang Dynasty, the porcelain industry in Sanban and Sibin areas of Dehua had begun to develop. At the end of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the ceramic monographs "Ceramic Method" and "Pictures of Meiling" appeared.

Song and Yuan Dynasties

With the development of overseas trade through the systematic engineering of Quanzhou Port commerce, Dehua porcelain was sold overseas and became an important commodity on the "Maritime Silk and Porcelain Road". In the Northern Song Dynasty, Dehua kilns, represented by Wan Bang Lun Kiln, used porcelain making techniques including color wheel making, molding and welding. The dragon kiln produces large quantities of celadon, blue-white porcelain, and white porcelain. The shapes of the vessels are mainly bowls, plates, cups, saucers, bottles, cans, pots, boxes, washbasins, and vases. A small amount of black-glazed tea bowls are fired. The decoration methods are mainly carving, scratching and printing. The surface of the porcelain is decorated with lotus petals, peonies, clouds, banana leaves, twining flowers, strip patterns, chrysanthemum petals, sunflower patterns, wheat ears, curly grass and other patterns. These products are found in Japan, Philippines, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and other places. By the Southern Song Dynasty, porcelain kiln firing technology had been developing rapidly. The white porcelain fired had a large shape, thin body, moist glaze, high whiteness and strong light transmittance, which had reached a very high level. At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Dehua porcelain kilns were greatly improved, and a "chicken cage kiln" appeared between the dragon kiln and the class kiln, which was easier to control the firing flame. Since the beginning of the Song Dynasty, the old technology of reduction firing has entered the stage of using the new technology of oxidation firing. The Song and Yuan kiln ruins of Qudou Palace were excavated in 1976. The slope is 57.1 meters long and there are 17 kiln rooms. More than 800 production tools and more than 6,790 complete and incomplete porcelain specimens were unearthed. The discovery of this kiln, especially the unearthing of a large number of exported porcelain, is of great significance to the study of the firing scale, firing technology, kiln development of the Dehua Xue Yuan Dynasty, the development of the social economy and material culture at that time, and the economic and cultural exchanges and trade between China and foreign countries. The exchange is of great significance, and at the same time it fills the gap in the Dehua Long Kiln in the past.

Ming Dynasty

Dehua porcelain industry entered a new period of development. The overall development level in terms of object modeling, firing technology, product quality, production varieties, craftsmanship, decorative arts, etc. is far above that of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The porcelain sculptures represented by He Chaozong are world-famous and are known as treasures of "Oriental Art" and "the most precious treasure in the world". The unique "Ivory White" (Jianbai Porcelain) has a milky white glaze, like fat and jade, and an elegant tone. It is known as the representative of Chinese white porcelain and enjoys the reputation of "Chinese White" and "Pearl of the International Porcelain Circle". In particular, the porcelain sculptures of Taoist figures are lifelike in shape, elegant in style, and have unique artistic charm. They have reached the pinnacle of the ancient craftsmanship and technology achievements of Dehua Kiln. In the Ming Dynasty, Dehua kilns also had new innovations. For the first time in the country, semi-downflame kilns with large firing capacity, fuel saving and easy control of the firing flame appeared. This form of kiln spread abroad and had a huge impact on the progress of international porcelain kilns. In the Qing Dynasty, Dehua underglaze blue and white porcelain competed for beauty, and blue and white porcelain replaced Jianbai's active and important position. The patterns of blue and white are rich, and the content of the paintings is based on a wide range of materials, including historical stories, figures and ladies, production activities, social customs, animals, flowers and fruits, landscapes and religious decorations. The picture is bright, quiet and elegant, the brushwork is simple and rough, the composition is simple and stretched, and full of life. It shows the network of colors of folk kilns that are either quiet and elegant or rich and gorgeous, ushering in a new era of Dehua kiln colored porcelain. It is as popular abroad as the colorful porcelain daily utensils and furnishing utensils that emerged in the Qing Dynasty.

After the late Qing Dynasty

With the decline of the feudal dynasty and foreign invasion, China's urban and rural economy suffered serious damage, and the Dehua porcelain industry declined. However, a few folk artists such as Su Xuejin and Xu Youyi persisted in the porcelain making industry, inherited traditions, and were innovative in the difficult years, and their works still received high praise. In 1915, Su Xuejin was the first to create porcelain plum blossoms, which won an honorable mention at the Panama International Exposition.

Later, Xu Youyi's porcelain sculptures such as "Mulan Joins the Army", "Guan Gong" and "Guanyin" won gold medals at international and national expositions held in the UK, Japan and Nanjing respectively. In 1930, master Xu Youyi and his apprentices made a specially made porcelain sculpture "Five Hundred Arhats" for Xianyou Longji Temple. It has various shapes and lifelike movements. It is also the first treasure in the Chinese porcelain world.

After the founding of New China

Dehua porcelain production gained a new lease of life. Especially since the reform and opening up, the county's porcelain industry has entered a new period of development. In 1999, there were more than 1,100 ceramic enterprises in the county, with more than 80,000 employees, and three major ceramic product systems: traditional porcelain carvings, Western craft porcelain, and daily-use porcelain were initially formed. A number of famous ceramic companies have also emerged, such as Jiamei Group, Guanfu Group, Shunmei Group, etc.! It has also caused many large companies to set up branches in the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom and other countries... In 1993, when Li Peng, Chairman of the National People's Congress, was the Prime Minister, he wrote an inscription titled Dehua Porcelain, Pearl of the Porcelain Country, which highly summarized the influence and status of Dehua Ceramics in the country. In March 1996, Dehua County was named the "Hometown of Chinese Ceramics" by the Rural Development Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council and other units. Since the reform and opening up, the people of Dehua have given full play to their four major advantages of mountains, abundant water, rich mineral resources, and beautiful porcelain, vigorously implemented the Dachengguan development strategy, and successfully created a path for economic development in mountainous areas. The county's national economy has continued to develop rapidly and healthily, and society has The business has made comprehensive progress. After being named the "Hometown of Chinese Ceramics" by the Development Research Center of the State Council in 1996, it was also named the "Hometown of Chinese Folk "Ceramics" Art" and "Chinese Porcelain Capital Dehua" in 2003. Nowadays, Dehua porcelain carvings are famous all over the world, and Dehua tea set production accounts for about 70% of the country's tea sets, which plays an important role in promoting Chinese tea culture. A powerful boost. The revolutionary site of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China

The revolutionary site of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China is located in Kunban Village, Shuikou Town. In 1943, when the Kuomintang die-hards launched a massive "encirclement and suppression" campaign against the revolutionary base areas, the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China moved from northern Fujian to central Fujian in order to accumulate strength for concealment. In December of the same year, Lin Dafan, secretary of the Central Fujian Working Committee, and more than 20 guerrillas came to Maocuo and Banli. From late January to February 1944, guerrillas from the provincial party committee came to Banli one after another. On the Dog-shaped Mountain in Niuliaokeng, Banli, 18 bamboo sheds were built and 2 playgrounds were opened. After the provincial party committee was transferred to Banli, several strongholds were established in Dehua Daxi, Yongchun and Nan'an Badu, etc., making it possible for northern Fujian, northeastern Fujian, Fuzhou, Yongtai, Datian and Puxian and southern Shanxi in central Fujian to Hui and other base areas were connected. During this period, Banli Village became the center of revolutionary activities in the province. The provincial party committee held a provincial party committee meeting here to study rectification documents. The Provincial Party Committee founded the publication "Tough Fighter". The counterfeit coins seized by the guerrillas during a surprise attack on Hanjiang Communications Bank in Putian County were also brought to Banli and sent by the provincial party committee to underground party organizations in northern Fujian, northeastern Fujian, and Fuzhou. I also used the radio to contact the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China once here. And organized the masses in Maocuo and Banli villages to fight against Ding and tax. The provincial party committee organs lived in Banli for 4 months, and in June 1944, they were transferred to Xianyou East Lake in three batches.

Qishantang Revolutionary Site

Qishantang Revolutionary Site is located in Maocuo Village, Shuikou Town. From the winter solstice of 1941 to mid-1949, the underground party in central Fujian launched a revolutionary struggle in Maocuo. Qishantang was one of the revolutionary strongholds in the Maocuo area. From May to December 1945, leaders of the Central Fujian Special Committee and Headquarters of the Communist Party of China led the guerrillas to be stationed here. On July 1 of the same year, a mass meeting was held in Qishan Hall to commemorate the 24th anniversary of the founding of the Party. It was also held here in September. A mass meeting to celebrate the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. In March 1949, the Xiande Working Committee of the Communist Party of China set up a command center in Qishantang to carry out activities of "raising funds for guns and arming the troops". Later, in response to the needs of revolutionary work, the Yongdexian People's Guerrilla General Headquarters was established to lead the Yongdexian People's Guerrillas. During the guerrilla struggle in the Yongdexian border area, a command structure was set up in Qishantang. The nature reserve is an important biodiversity gene bank, water source conservation area, ecological security barrier and biosafety island for rare wild animals and plants in Fujian Province. It is a reserve with relatively rich biodiversity per unit area in China. one. It was established in 1985, with a total area of ??13,472.4 hectares and a forest coverage rate of 93.4%. It is one of the earliest nature reserves established in Fujian Province.

There are 115 species of rare, endangered or endemic plant species in the reserve. There are 3 national Class I protected wild plants including water pine, southern yew, and ginkgo, 17 Class II national protected plants, and 27 provincial protected plants. There are 3 species of national Grade I protected wild animals: clouded leopard, yellow-bellied tragopan, and python; 36 species of National Grade II protected wild animals include white-bellied mountain eagle, tiger frog, and white pheasant. In 2004, it passed the review of the National Nature Reserve Review Committee and was upgraded to a "National Nature Reserve". Its main protection objects are the typical mountain forest ecosystems along the southeast coast, focusing on protecting the southernmost, largest and best-preserved Huangshan pine forest in mainland China, important insects, orchid plant resources and other endangered animal and plant species. The agricultural creative park in the national treasure Yunlong Valley Scenic Area was originally an abandoned field. After more than a year of continuous improvement of planning and design, it has been transformed into an agricultural creative park integrating agricultural sightseeing, science popularization and flower seedling cultivation base. Yunlong Valley Agricultural Creative Park covers an area of ??50 acres. In the vanilla cultivation area, a total of 13 kinds of herbs are grown, including lavender, perilla, rosemary, and mint.