Sonata Sonata is a form, that is, a meter for writing music. That is, a relatively fixed frame is used to frame the big structure of music, so that music with a certain fixed form has a relatively regular shape, which is beneficial to the listener's understanding and appreciation. Music is invisible and intangible. What do you think of this framework? This depends on three elements: repetition, change and contrast. As long as you grasp these three points, you won't be confused when listening to music. As music is fleeting, musicians must repeat some melodies and rhythms to deepen our impression. But simple repetition is undoubtedly very boring, so we must change it. This is mutation. The most common variation is to change the rhythm, harmony and timbre on the basis of preserving the melody. Add decorative sounds and other means to change the effect and artistic conception of music (after listening to Animal Carnival, a cheerful March was greatly slowed down and turned into a turtle, which made people laugh). Complex variation is chaotic, everything has changed, of course, some characteristics of the prototype have been retained, otherwise it would not be variation. Contrast adds a dramatic element to music. The different effects of two kinds of emotions and music have appeared one after another. Then we can discuss the sonata form. Sonata form is a large-scale musical form. Since Bach, with the development of Haydn and Mozart and the perfection of Beethoven, it has become an indispensable structure of large-scale music such as symphony, sonata, concerto and chamber music ensemble, which is generally used in the first movement (Allegro), so it is also called "sonata-first movement form" or "sonata-allegro" form. Take the first movement of Tchaikovsky's Pathetique as an example. The exhibition department put forward the theme of the campaign. Usually there are two themes here to achieve the effect of contrast. A theme is a piece of music. Don't be intimidated by these nouns. These two themes are called the main theme and sub-theme, or simply the theme and sub-theme. The theme uses the main theme, and it is often written quickly, powerfully, heavily and rudely ... In short, I hope I can hold you down with one hand. If the main theme is major, minor is subordinate; If the primary key is minor, the minor part is a coordinate key (major). Subtitles are often written as gentle as songs, which makes people feel pity (remember the element of "contrast"). In order to increase the complexity of music, it seems that the composer is not a straw bag:) Sometimes there is an introduction at the beginning of the presentation department; Writing a piece of music between the subtitles is often called "connecting part" or "inserting part"; Add a tail after the subtitle, which is called the "ending part". The "end part" here is the "end" of the presentation part, not the "end" of the whole sonata. In the first movement of Pathetique, it was originally a bassoon (greenfir? :-& gt； ) deep and gloomy music is the introduction; The next fast and restless melody is the theme. After repeated changes, a heartwarming melody appeared: 3 2 1|6 5 3 5 1. 6|5- ......................................................................................................... Finally, the music of the presentation department ends with a calm ending. On the basis of presenting two themes, the Development Department has added many new things, which are called "development" in some jargon and "perfunctory" in our old novels by China. In grief, the development department seemed very urgent and impulsive, and ended the development department after several ups and downs. The copy department, as its name implies, is to put the theme subtitles (. If the main theme is major, both themes of the reproduction department use the main theme; If the main theme is minor, the main part uses the main theme and the auxiliary part uses the same main theme (major). Sometimes the copy department is very concise, omitting the introduction and insertion. The ending is often added to the tail. The sad copy department is complete. First, the melody of the theme is strongly reproduced, then variations are made, and even the connection between the theme and the subtitle is reproduced. Then put the subtitles, you can notice that its timbre is different from that of the projection department. By the way, "