Shanghai

The Development History of the Automobile Industry

In 1901, two Oldsmobile cars appeared in Shanghai for the first time, becoming the first city in China to use cars. . In the mid-20th century, the main means of transportation in Shanghai's modern transportation were trams, trolleybuses, and double-decker buses. In the 1940s, there were 30,000 motor vehicles in Shanghai, and Shanghai was known as the "Automobile Expo of All Nations". In early 1937, the China Automobile Manufacturing Company was established and assembled the first Benz-type China 2.5-ton diesel automobile.

In 1951, Shanghai Bus Repair and Manufacturing Factory (later Shanghai Automobile Engine Factory, Shanghai Bus Factory) trial-produced the 1000 type trolley bus. In September 1957, Shanghai Automotive Decoration Factory (later Shanghai Automobile Factory) trial-produced the first Type 58 off-road vehicle. On September 28, 1958, the Shanghai Automobile Assembly Plant trial-produced the first Phoenix car, achieving a "zero" breakthrough in car manufacturing in the Shanghai Automotive Industry.

In 1964, Phoenix sedan was renamed as Shanghai sedan, and by 1975 it had an annual production capacity of 5,000 vehicles. Since 1978, Shanghai's automobile industry has seized the opportunity of reform and opening up, accelerated development, and built Shanghai's pillar industry and one of China's important automobile industry bases. Shanghai Automotive Industry selected Germany's Volkswagen as a joint venture partner, and on April 1, 1983, the first Santana sedan was successfully assembled. On March 21, 1985, Shanghai Volkswagen Co., Ltd. was established. On March 1, 1990, Shanghai Automobile and Tractor Industrial Associated Company was renamed Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation, focusing on the development of the sedan industry. In 1996, Shanghai Volkswagen established an annual production capacity of 300,000 cars. It supports domestic demand for cars and has made a huge contribution to China's automobile development. On December 26, 2007, after the merger of SAIC and Nanjing Automobile Group, SAIC became China's largest automobile group, achieving an annual production and sales of 2 million cars, becoming the "aircraft carrier" of China's automobile industry.

During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, Shanghai's car ownership increased by nearly 50%, while the number of private cars increased from 410,000 in 2005 to 1,029,300 in 2010. By the end of 2010, every 100 urban households in Shanghai owned an average of 17 family cars. From January to July 2012, a total of 189,928 vehicles were registered in Shanghai, a year-on-year increase of 5.83%. Among them, a total of 117,362 domestically produced cars were registered, a year-on-year increase of 5.94%.

Beijing

The development history of the automobile industry

Beijing’s automobile industry is one of the earlier local automobile industries in China. In 1953, in order to supply Changchun No. 1 Automobile Manufacturing Plant and Luoyang No. 1 Tractor Factory, Beijing established the first batch of parts manufacturing plants. Trial production of complete vehicles began in 1958. In the 1960s and 1970s, it successfully developed light off-road vehicles and The light-duty truck has filled the gap in the domestic automobile market, made great contributions to national defense construction and national economic development, had a huge impact on the domestic automobile market, and established the important position of Beijing Automobile Industry in China's automobile industry.

In the 1980s, Beijing Automotive Industry established a joint venture with foreign companies to establish Beijing Jeep Automobile Co., Ltd.; introduced American Jeep Cherokee and Isuzu N-series light trucks; established Beijing Station Wagon Co., Ltd. and successfully went public. It is at the forefront of the national automobile industry in terms of opening up to the outside world, transforming mechanisms, introducing technology, absorbing foreign investment and utilizing social capital. In the 1990s, Beijing Automotive Industry implemented cross-regional economic alliances through asset reorganization and established Beiqi Foton Vehicle Co., Ltd., which is unique in the country. At the beginning of the 21st century, Beijing's automobile industry entered a new stage of development. It expanded its joint venture with Dai Ke Company and jointly produced sedans with South Korea's Hyundai Motor Company. It achieved the signing of the contract in the same year, production in the same year, profit in the same year, and achieved good economic results. benefit.

Chongqing City

The development history of the automobile industry

When it comes to China’s automobile cities, Chongqing is definitely an important city worthy of writing in thick ink. Here, China's first jeep was driven, and it is now China's largest mini-car production base. Today, Chongqing's automobile industry is no longer satisfied with local development. It has already extended its tentacles to various parts of the country and even overseas.

Judging by the year, Chongqing really started to develop its automobile industry in 1965. It has gone through 47 years of ups and downs and has developed into a large-scale automobile city with a complete range of categories.

In 1965, Chongqing established the Sichuan Automobile Manufacturing Plant (now Chongqing Hongyan Automobile Co., Ltd.), Chongqing Automobile Engine Factory (now Chongqing Cummins Engine Co., Ltd.), Qijiang Gear Factory, Chongqing Auto Parts Manufacturing Factory (now Chongqing Kafu Auto Parts Manufacturing Co., Ltd.), Chongqing Hongyan Automobile Spring Factory (now Chongqing Hongyan Axle Factory), Chongqing Oil Pump Nozzle Factory and Chongqing Heavy Vehicle Research Institute (now China Automobile The China Automotive Industry Corporation Chongqing Branch, formed by the Industrial Corporation Chongqing Automobile Research Institute), thus opened the curtain on the development of Chongqing's automobile industry.

As my country’s first heavy-duty vehicle assembly production base with a high starting point, Chongqing Hongyan Automobile Spring Factory (now Chongqing Hongyan Axle Factory) introduced French Bellier military vehicle manufacturing technology in the 1960s. In the 1980s, we introduced German MAN's heavy-duty axle manufacturing technology. In the 1990s, we became Austria's designated manufacturer of Steyr automobile axle assemblies. For decades, we have been at the forefront of the research and development and production of axle assemblies in the same industry. .

In May 1984, Changan Automobile Group signed an "Economic and Trade Cooperation Agreement" with Japan's Suzuki Motor Corporation, introducing mini cars that had never been heard of or seen in China at the time, and taking a step forward in the development of mini cars in China. pace; in 1985, in response to the domestic situation of "lack of heavy weight and lack of light", Chongqing Automobile Manufacturing Plant and Japan's Isuzu Motors Corporation jointly established Qingling Automobile Co., Ltd. to produce the most advanced light commercial vehicles in the country at that time. It was favored by the market; in 1991, the state approved Changan Automobile Group to introduce the design and manufacturing technology of Otto minicar from Japanese Suzuki Motor Company, thus ending the history of no car production in Chongqing.

On July 28, 2008, Alto, which carried many Chinese people’s automobile dreams, retired after producing more than 500,000 vehicles. As a result, three major automobile brands, namely Jinan Heavy Duty Truck, Shaanxi Heavy Duty Truck, Chongqing Heavy Duty Truck, FAW-Volkswagen, Shanghai Volkswagen, Dongfeng Shenlong, Chongqing Changan and Tianjin Huali (now Tianjin FAW Xiali) were formed in China. Industrial layout.

Hubei Province

The development history of the automobile industry

In 1969, the Second Automobile Manufacturing Plant, the predecessor of Dongfeng Motor Corporation, was established in Shiyan City, Hubei Province, marking the The birth of Hubei automobile industry. In the 1990s, the automobile industry in Hubei Province began to develop rapidly after a large-scale joint venture, and has achieved explosive growth in recent years.

At present, Hubei's automobile industry has formed a "three-legged" development pattern of Wuhan, Xiangfan and Shiyan. Among them, Wuhan has formed an industrial cluster under the leadership of Dongfeng's Shenlong, Dongfeng Honda and Dongfeng Passenger Car companies. "Car City" Shiyan is the largest commercial vehicle production base in China and one of the most influential special vehicle and parts production bases. Xiangfan's automobile industry has developed rapidly in recent years.

Hunan Province

The development history of the automobile industry

The development of the automobile industry in Hunan has gone through a long and tortuous process. In order to revitalize the automobile industry in Hunan, the Hunan Provincial Government has already In the early stages of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", the "Hunan "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" Automobile Industry Development Plan" was compiled, and the "Several Policy Opinions of the People's Government of Hunan Province on Supporting the Development of the Automobile Industry" and the "Hunan Province Automobile Industry Revitalization Implementation Plan (2009 -2011)" and other documents to increase support for automobile companies. After five years of development, Hunan's automobile production increased from 94,300 vehicles in 2005 to 214,500 vehicles in 2009, more than doubling in four years. In the field of cars, Hunan Province achieved production and sales of 75,000 vehicles in 2009, an increase of nearly 30 times in three years, and its proportion of the province's automobile production and sales has grown from less than 1% to 35% today. In 2009, the automobile industry's GDP accounted for more than 5% of Hunan's province's GDP, becoming a pillar industry in economic development.

Hebei Province

The development history of the automobile industry

“Chery in the south and Great Wall in the north” are the two flags of China’s national automobile industry. Hebei Automobile is mainly represented by Great Wall Motors. The six stages of Great Wall Motors confirm the development trajectory of Hebei Automobile.

The first stage: accumulation of original capital and laying a solid foundation (1990--1995)

The predecessor of Great Wall Motors is Great Wall Industrial Company, a collectively owned enterprise founded in 1984 , mainly engaged in the business of modifying cars and has no fixed products. In 1990 the company was in trouble. At that time, the company had only more than 60 employees and was heavily in debt. 26-year-old Wei Jianjun came to Great Wall Industrial Company alone. During the contracting process, he led the people of Great Wall to start a business with the spirit of "making a little progress every day". The company turned losses into profits that year and developed rapidly in five years, laying a solid foundation for future development. Base.

The second stage: formal production of pickup trucks to promote the development of the entire domestic industry. (1996--2000)

In 1996, Great Wall took the pickup truck that was not favored by the industry as its leading product. In the same year, the Deere series of pickup trucks was officially launched on the market. In 1998, Great Wall pickup trucks ranked first in terms of sales volume and output. After that, the production volume doubled year after year. In October 1999, Great Wall's 10,000th pickup truck rolled off the production line that year, pushing the sales of pickup trucks in China to a climax. At the end of the same year, it was the first in the domestic industry to launch pickup trucks with four chassis and five different specifications, becoming the domestic pickup truck manufacturer with the largest variety and driving the development of the entire industry.

The third stage: Enterprise expansion and development, forming independent supporting capabilities for core parts (2000--2002)

The sales of pickup trucks have increased significantly, and production conditions have restricted further development. In 2000 Expansion and development began in the year. In early 2000, Great Wall controlled the North China Automobile Manufacturing Plant and established Great Wall North China Automobile Co., Ltd., and in the second half of the year, Baoding Great Wall Internal Combustion Engine Co., Ltd. was established. In June 2001, Great Wall Motors invested heavily again to build a modern engine production base with advanced equipment, marking a new milestone for Great Wall Motors.

The fourth stage: the first of its kind in China, creating a new era of economical SUVs (2002--2004)

Great Wall Pickup took the lead in the country, and the company completed "rural areas surrounding cities" major strategic deployment. In June 2002, it was the first to launch the Seifer SUV worth more than 80,000 yuan. It officially entered the market in large and medium-sized cities and became popular across the country. It was evaluated as the "Seifer phenomenon" by the industry. In the second half of 2004, the company successively launched Saiying RUV and Saijun SUV with different functions and positioning.

The fifth stage: Build a large-scale operation base of 100,000 vehicles and put it into production, Haval rolls off the production line (2004--2005)

In the field of pickup trucks and SUVs, Great Wall has strong sales, market share, It has an absolute advantage in the country in terms of exports and other aspects. At the end of 2003, the company was officially listed on the H-share market in Hong Kong and began preparations for the construction of the Great Wall Motors Industrial Park.

The sixth stage: ushering in a new era to enter the sedan and family car fields in both domestic and foreign markets. (2006-present)

While Great Wall continues to leverage its advantages in the pickup truck and SUV fields, the company has developed sedan and family vehicle varieties suitable for both domestic and foreign markets. The 200,000-car production base, which was started in July 2006, will be successively invested with 2.8 billion yuan. The product plan is to jointly develop 1.0-2.0-liter small and medium-displacement sedans and MPV series products with foreign countries.

Henan Province

The development history of the automobile industry

In recent years, the automobile industry in Henan Province has achieved rapid development, and the industrial scale has continued to grow. The domestic market share of highway passenger cars, high-end pickup trucks and special-purpose semi-trailers all ranks first in the same industry, and the output of more than 10 parts and components, including steering gear assemblies, shock absorber assemblies, and drive shaft assemblies, ranks among the top in the country. The enterprise group represented by complete vehicle companies such as Zhengzhou Yutong and Zhengzhou Nissan and parts companies such as SIA Group, China Axle Group, and Zhongyuan Internal Parts has grown rapidly, and its product research and development capabilities have continued to improve. Automobile production capacity improvement projects such as Zhengzhou Nissan, Haima, and Yutong have Construction is accelerating. However, bottleneck factors restricting the development of the automobile industry in Henan Province are still relatively obvious, especially problems such as small industrial scale, weak independent innovation capabilities, low product quality, scattered industrial layout, and low level of regional supporting facilities.

Anhui Province

The development history of the automobile industry

In May 1949, the Anhui People's Liberation Army Management Commission took over the Hefei Automobile Repair Factory. In 1958, Wuhu Instrument Factory produced automobile instruments, and Hefei Auto Repair Factory trial-produced pistons, half-shafts and other accessories. In 1962, the Chaohu Auto Parts Factory moved from Chaohu to Hefei.

In 1964, Chaohu Auto Parts Factory was officially established to produce brakes and steering gears for Jiefang and Yuejin models. In July 1966, the Mechanical Repair Factory of the Ninth Labor Reform Detachment of Anhui Province was renamed Hefei Feihe Automobile Repair Factory to produce five simple auto parts for Jiefang and Yuejin models. In 1967, the Wuhu Auto Parts Factory was established to produce air reservoirs, front and rear brake adjustment arms, etc. for Jiefang models. In April 1968, Chaohu Auto Parts Factory trial-produced the Model 130 Chaohu brand light truck, and this vehicle was also known as "The First Car in Anhui". In 1969, the Chaohu light truck trademark was changed from the "Chaohu" brand to the well-known "JAC" brand. In early 1970, the JAC HF140 3-ton truck equipped with the 440 engine was put into production.

During the "Seventh Five-Year Plan" from 1986 to 1990, Anhui's automobile industry was in its most difficult period in its initial stages. At the end of 1995, Anhui Province's automobile production reached 28,430 units, and the development of Anhui's automobile industry has now embarked on a fast track. In September 1975, Anhui Automobile Industry Company was established and began to develop automobile production on a professional basis.

From 1996 to 2000 (during the "Ninth Five-Year Plan"), Anhui Province mainly implemented several major projects: in November 1997, Huaihai Machinery Factory was officially merged into Changhe Automobile Group with similar products; in 1997, Anhui La With the advent of sedans, Chery Company was built in Wuhu. The first car rolled off the assembly line in 1999. Anhui has become the province with the most complete automobile manufacturing models in the country; in 2000, Jianghuai Automobile Co., Ltd.'s shares were successfully listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, marking the first time that Anhui Province's automobile companies are issuing shares.

Fujian Province

The development history of the automobile industry

In 1917, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province began to import cars, and cars began to appear in Fujian. In 1958, the first Fujian-made car - the "Long March" 2.5-ton truck was built. In 1983, Fuzhou Automobile Factory and Fujian Automobile Factory were approved as national designated vehicle manufacturers. On February 4, 1985, the Fujian Provincial Government approved the establishment of the Provincial Automobile Industry Company as the industry authority for the Fujian automobile industry. In March 1992, Fujian Automobile Industry Group was established. On November 23, 1995, the Fujian-Taiwan joint venture Southeast (Fujian) Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. was formally established. In July of the following year, the first Southeast Deli truck rolled off the assembly line. On September 26, 1999, the first phase of the expansion project of Southeast (Fujian) Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. was fully completed and put into production. Made up of 30 Taiwan-funded cooperative factories guarding the modern main engine factory, the Southeast Automobile City covering an area of ??more than 2,700 acres was built in Qingkou, Minhou. The overall planned annual production capacity is 300,000 vehicles, and the annual production capacity in the first phase has reached 6 Thousands of vehicles. The leader of the province's automobile industry has been formally formed, which has greatly improved the vehicle strength and technical level of Fujian's automobile industry. The automobile industry pattern has been basically established, marking that Fujian's automobile industry has entered a new period of development.

After decades of development, the automobile industry in Fujian Province has developed to more than 400 complete vehicle and spare parts companies, forming three major automobile industry clusters in central Fujian, southern Fujian and northwest Fujian. , from the cooperation between Fujian and Taiwan to the current international cooperation, from the production of 5,000 vehicles in 1994 to the production of 100,000 vehicles in 2006, the automobile industry in Fujian Province has become one of the three pillar industries in Fujian Province.