I. France

1, daily table wine (Vin De Table)

The lowest grade wine for daily drinking is a mixture of grape juice from different regions.

2. drink and drive.

The best wine in daily table wine is upgraded to regional table wine.

3. Excellent regional table wine (VDQS)

Excellent regional table wine is a necessary level for ordinary regional table wine to transition to AOC level.

4. Wine from legal producing areas

Grape varieties, planting quantity, brewing technology and alcohol content in the producing area must be certified by experts. Only grapes grown in the country of origin can be used for brewing, and grape juice from other places is not allowed for blending. On the wine label, "appellation+name of producing area+controlled person" is often used to represent AOC. The smaller the middle producing area, the higher the quality of this wine.

In 2009, France carried out reform, and AOC was updated to AOP, but only the title changed, and the meaning did not change. The VDQS grade was officially revoked on 20 1 1, and all VDP and VDT wines were replaced by IGP and VDF respectively.

Although it was renamed AOP, consumers are used to the old grading system, and most manufacturers are still used to labeling AOC. When it comes to the French grading system, they are more accustomed to saying AOC grade. It is normal to see these two labels in the market.

Even the AOC level is subdivided into six levels: regional AOC > excellent AOC > regional AOC > village AOC > intermediate winery > column AOC.

Second, Italy.

1, wine as a common table wine.

This means that this wine is made in Italy. A base wine is usually indicated on the label, and there is no need to indicate the origin, source, year and other information, just the alcohol content and winery.

2. Indicazione Geografi Chattipica (I.G.T.), a local table wine grade.

It is equivalent to the French Vin de Pays grade, indicating Italian wines from more specific regions. This title was created on 1992. This kind of wine is considered to be of higher quality than simple table wine, but it does not conform to the strict wine laws in their region.

3. Origin control of wine in legal producing areas.

The wine from legal producing areas must conform to the varieties approved for planting in specific producing areas, which also means that this wine can be used only after it has obtained quality certification. The production and manufacturing process conforms to the strict provisions of the D.O.C law.

4. Ensure the legal regional name.

Italy's D.O.C grade starts from 1963, which is intended to facilitate consumers to identify high-quality Italian wines and maintain the international reputation of wines. 198 1 year, in order to further improve the level of people in the industry, the Italian government increased the D.O.C.G level on the basis of DOC.

Three. Spain

Classification of origin

1, vice president (wine de Pago)

The VP grade is a newly established grade in Spain in 2003, and it is also the most special grade in Spain. VP is not aimed at a specific producing area, but, like Bordeaux, at wines produced by a single winery. These wineries are considered to be the best wineries in Spain and have a good reputation.

2. Olkin, California

DOCa is the highest grade wine in Spain in the traditional sense, which means "wine from legal producing areas", similar to the DOCG grade in Italy.

3. DO (Olkin Place Name)

DO level is equivalent to French AOC, that is, wine from legal producing areas. This grade of wine needs to meet various production regulations, from cultivation to brewing to aging, and it needs to meet certain standards.

4. VCIG (Geographic Index Catalogue)

VCIG refers to high-quality wine with geographical indications, which is equivalent to VDQS in France and is a transitional grade.

VdIT (wine)

VdIT refers to table wine in Spain, similar to VDP in France. This kind of wine only limits the origin of raw materials, and there is not much demand on the quality and style of the wine.

6. Vim (wine mesa)

VM refers to daily table wine, which is equivalent to VDT in France. It is the lowest grade wine in Spain, and there is no production area logo.

Fourth, Germany

According to the division of producing areas, German wines can be divided into three grades from top to bottom: QmP (high quality wine), QbA (high quality wine), Landwein (regional table wine) and Tafelwein (daily table wine).

Among them, QmP is the highest-grade wine, and the grape raw materials need to come from specific villages in the producing areas. This grade of wine is forbidden to artificially add sugar, and it is subdivided into six grades according to the maturity of grapes.

Grape raw materials of QbA must come from one of Germany 13 producing areas, and it is forbidden to mix with wines from other producing areas. Picked grapes need to have high maturity, but sugar can also be added to the grape mash to improve the alcohol content.

Landwein is equivalent to VDP in France and belongs to regional table wine. Just mark the place of origin.

Tafelwein is the lowest grade wine in Germany, equivalent to VDT in France, with the least production regulations.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) Chili

1, variety wine (variety)

The wine label only lists the grape variety name, which is generally a relatively basic wine.

2. keep a.

Treasure wine, wine is matured in oak barrels, and its quality and flavor are richer and better than variety wine.

3. Grand Reserve.

It not only ripens in oak barrels, but also has better wine quality and storage potential. Many wineries have this kind of wine.

4. Family reservation

It basically marks the best wine in the winery. It can also be expressed in other similar patterns. For example, montes named the best wines with M(Alpha M and Folly).

5. premium.

Better than the family collection, but the quantity is limited. If there are no grapes that meet the standard, the winery will not brew the super grade. Quality wines will be stored in new French oak barrels for more than 18 months.

Divide wine by year.

Even wines from the same grape producing area and produced in different years have great differences in wine quality. Because it is pure fruit juice wine, the quality of grapes determines the quality of wine. Spring breeze, autumn rain, summer hail, winter frost, and even fruit worms and bacteria will affect the growth and reproduction of fruit trees every year. Therefore, the grapes produced every year are qualitatively different, which makes the wine have its own personality every year.

It is acceptable that the quality of French-made wines in the 1970s was not satisfactory. The 1980s was a bumper harvest year, except that 1984 and 1987 were weak. Especially 1989, the scores of red and white wines in Bordeaux and Burgundy are above 90.

In the 1990s, 1990 and 1995 were "golden years". During the period of 1995, the weather in France was very satisfactory, and the price of French wine was extremely high this year, which became the darling of wine collectors.

Therefore, only the wine with the origin and year indicated on the trademark can be a good wine, otherwise it can only be a third-and fourth-grade wine.