Wulian cherry, a specialty of Wulian County, Rizhao City, Shandong Province, is a national geographical indication of agricultural products.
Wulian County is located in the warm temperate continental monsoon climate zone, with obvious cyclical changes and four distinct seasons: warm spring, humid and rainy summer, cool autumn, and cold and dry winter. The annual average temperature is 12.6°C and the annual average precipitation is 767.1 mm, making it suitable for growing cherries. Wulian cherries are bright, crystal-clear and beautiful in color. They are divided into red, yellow and purple, with red like agate and yellow like condensed fat. A single large cherry fruit weighs about 10 grams. Soft, juicy, sweet and sour, and has a good fresh flavor.
On February 12, 2018, the former Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China officially approved the implementation of agricultural product geographical indication registration protection for “Wulian Cherry”. Basic introduction Chinese name: Wulian cherry Origin name: Wulian County, Rizhao City, Shandong Province Quality characteristics: soft and juicy, sweet and sour. Geographical indication: National Ministry of Agriculture Geographical Indication of Agricultural Products Approval Number: National Ministry of Agriculture Announcement No. 2651 Approval Time : February 12, 2018 Product features, quality characteristics, nutritional value, origin environment, soil geomorphology, hydrological conditions, climate conditions, historical origins, production conditions, product honors, geographical indications, scope of regional protection, quality and technical requirements, special marks Usage, Product Features Quality Features Wulian cherries are bright, crystal clear and beautiful in color, divided into red, yellow and purple, with red like agate and yellow like gelatin; a single large cherry weighs about 10 grams. Soft, juicy, sweet and sour, and has a good fresh flavor. Nutritional value: Wulian cherries are rich in nutrients, with soluble solids ≥17, zinc ≥1 mg/kg, calcium ≥14 mg/100g, vitamin C ≥8 mg/100g, magnesium ≥15 mg/100g. Cherries are not only rich in nutrients, but also have good health care value. Long-term consumption has the effect of regulating the spleen and strengthening the spleen. Wulian Cherry Origin Environment Soil Landform Wulian County is located in the southern part of the Shandong Peninsula. The county is dominated by low mountains and hills, accounting for approximately 86% of the total area of ??the county. The terrain in the north is low and flat and is part of the Weihe Plain. There are several river valleys and alluvial plains in the southeast. The plains account for about 14% of the total area of ??the county. The terrain within the territory is high in the middle and low on all sides. The main landform types are mountains, hills and plains. Due to differences in climate, topography, parent material, and hydrogeological conditions, different soil types are formed. There are mainly four types of soil: brown soil, cinnamon soil, fluvoid soil and sandy ginger black soil, which are suitable for the growth of cherries. Hydrological situation: The total surface water resources in Wulian County average for many years is 408.64 million cubic meters, the total internal groundwater resources are 074.49 million cubic meters, and the county's runoff is 447 million cubic meters. There are four major water systems in the territory: Weihe River, Shuhe River, Futuan River and Chaobai River. There are dozens of large and small rivers in the country, and 78 small and medium-sized reservoirs such as Qiangkuang, Xuezhuang, Quepo and Hubuling. Climate conditions: Wulian County is in the warm temperate continental monsoon climate zone, with obvious cyclical changes and four distinct seasons: warm spring, humid and rainy summer, cool autumn, and cold and dry winter. The annual average temperature is 12.6°C, and the annual average precipitation is 767.1 mm. Most rainfall occurs in June, July, and August, with less precipitation in spring, autumn, and winter. The average sunshine over the years is 2449.3 hours. The average annual frost-free period is 220 days, the average annual foggy days is 20 days, and the accumulated temperature is greater than 10℃, which is 4200℃. Wulian Cherry Historical Origin Wulian County has a long history of cherry cultivation, with a cherry planting history of nearly 500 years. From 1988 to 1992, Rizhao City conducted an investigation and comprehensive prevention and control of cherry pests in five towns in Wulian County’s cherry-producing areas: Jiejie, Songbai, Keguan, Hubu and Chahe. In 2011, Wulian County established the Dalshan Cherry Professional Cooperative. Wulian cherry production situation In 2006, there were about 1 million cherry trees in Wulian County. In 2008, there were about 2,300 hectares of cherry orchards in Wulian County, including 800 hectares of large cherries. In 2013, the Wulian County Dal'er Mountain Cherry Professional Cooperative had a cherry planting area of ??1,000 acres and produced 120,000 jins of large and small cherries, including 20,000 jins of large cherries. The main varieties are Hongdeng, Meizao and Huangmi.
In 2017, the protected cherry planting area in Wulian County was 5,333 hectares, with an annual output of 80,000 tons. Wulian Cherry Product Honor On February 12, 2018, the Ministry of Agriculture of the former People’s Republic of China officially approved the implementation of agricultural product geographical indication registration protection for “Wulian Cherry”. The geographical indication protection scope of Wulian Cherry The geographical indication protection scope of Wulian Cherry is Keguan Town, Jiejie Town, Songbai Town, Hubu Township, Hongning Street, Zhongzhi Town, Xumeng Town, There are a total of 12 towns (streets) and 229 administrative villages in Wanghu Town, Chaohe Town, Yuli Town, Gaoze Town and Shichang Township. The geographical coordinates are 118°59′-119°30′ east longitude and 35°32′-35°55′ north latitude. Quality and technical requirements for specific production methods (1) Selection of origin Wulian cherries are produced in Wulian territory from Nigoutou Village, Keguan Town, in the east, to Chenguanzhuang Village, Yuli Town, in the west; to Xihonghe Village, Jiejie Town, in the south; and to Wanghu Lake in the north. Zhenyanhe Village. When choosing a garden site, choose sandy loam or loam soil with low groundwater level, difficulty in waterlogging, soil pH value between 6.5-7.5, suitable structure, good physical and chemical properties, deep soil layer, and convenient drainage and irrigation. (2) Variety selection: The selection of cherry varieties should be based on regionalization and improved varieties, combined with local natural conditions, select excellent varieties and rootstocks, and implement suitable planting in the right location. Main varieties of large cherries: Hongdeng, Meizao, Huangmi, Brooks, etc. (3) Production process management a. Soil, fertilizer and water management Soil management mainly includes deep plowing to improve the soil, cultivating to loosen the soil, and covering the ground with grass. Fertilization mainly includes base fertilizer in autumn, top dressing during the flowering and fruiting period, and supplementary fertilizer after fruit harvesting. It is mainly organic fertilizer and supplemented by chemical fertilizer, which meets the standard requirements of green food fertilizer. Water management generally uses sprinkler irrigation, seepage irrigation, drip irrigation, etc. Irrigate 4 times a year, including pre-flowering water, post-flowering water, fruit enlargement water, and freezing water. Cherries are afraid of waterlogging and should be drained in time when rainfall is heavy. b. Shaping and pruning. Depending on the density of the tree, the natural shape or the improved trunk shape can be adopted. c. Flower and fruit management ①Pollination during flowering period. Carry out artificial pollination or insect pollination during the flowering period to increase the fruit setting rate. ② Bud thinning: Bud thinning is carried out before flowering. It mainly thins out small flower buds and deformed flower buds on weak fruit branches. Only 2-3 full flower buds can be retained on each bouquet-shaped fruit branch. ③Fruit thinning: Fruit thinning is usually carried out after the physiological fruit drop of large cherries in mid-to-late April. Generally, 3-4 fruits are left on the bouquet-shaped fruit branches, with a maximum of 4-5. Small fruits, deformed fruits and poorly colored drooping fruits should be thinned out. remove. d. Pest and disease control shall be carried out in accordance with the "Wulian Cherry Standardized Production Technical Operating Procedures". At the same time, pesticide application should comply with the requirements of NY/T 393-2013 Green Food Pesticide Use Guidelines. Product quality and safety regulations Safety requirements: Atmosphere, surface water, chemical control and product implementation standards NY/T 391-2000 Environmental technical conditions for green food origin NY/T 393-2013 Guidelines for the use of pesticides in green food NY/T 844-2017 Temperate green food The provisions of the above standards for fruits shall be used when the reference standard has not been finalized. If finalized, the latest standards of the Ministry of Agriculture shall be implemented. Use of special marks (1) Packaging marks: Cherry producers and operators within the scope of Wulian County who use the registered and protected "Wulian Cherry" agricultural product geographical indication on products or packaging must submit a request to the registration certificate holder. To apply, the "Wulian Cherry" geographical indication and its pattern, product name, product standard number, trademark, The name of the production unit, detailed address, grade, specifications, net content and packaging date, and the name or code of the inspector should be indicated. The handwriting on the mark should be clear, complete and accurate. Products that do not comply with this mark shall not use names containing "Wulian Cherry" (including continuous or discontinuous) in their product names. Establish a management system for the use of logos, truthfully record the use of logos, register and archive them, and keep them for three years. (2) Storage and transportation: When storing cherries, they must not be stored directly on the ground or against the wall. Anti-rodent measures must be strengthened in the cherry warehouse.
When refrigerated, follow GB/T 8559-2008 Apple Refrigeration Technology and GB/T 10651-2008 Fresh Apple Standards. The tools used to transport cherries must be clean and hygienic, and must not be mixed or mixed with toxic or harmful items.