Details to pay attention to when injecting insulin

With the update of diabetes treatment concepts, more and more diabetic patients are now treated with insulin. Since diabetes is a lifelong disease that requires long-term treatment, unless patients have severe acute or chronic complications that must be hospitalized, most patients' insulin treatment is usually based on a treatment plan proposed by a doctor, and the patient injects it at home. Therefore, as diabetic patients and their family members, it is necessary to understand and master the use of insulin and related precautions.

1. Before injecting, confirm the specifications of the insulin used. During insulin treatment, be sure to understand the concentration specifications of the insulin injection you are using to avoid inadvertent injection due to incorrect suction dose, causing hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia in the patient. Generally speaking, the specification of bottled insulin is 400U (unit)/10ml, that is, every 1ml of injection contains 40 units of insulin; the specification of insulin refill is 300U/3ml, that is, every 1ml of injection contains 100 units. insulin.

Note: Never pump bottled insulin into insulin refills for use, and insulin refills can only be injected with insulin pens.

2. Instructions for the use of needle-type syringes

(1) Pay attention to aseptic operation. The operator must wash his hands before injecting and prepare insulin bottles, syringes, alcohol cotton balls and other supplies needed for injection.

(2) To correctly extract insulin, you should first use an alcohol cotton ball to sterilize the injection bottle cap, then use a syringe to absorb the same amount of air as the required insulin injection and inject it into the insulin bottle, and then turn the insulin bottle upside down with your left hand. , holding a syringe in his right hand to draw insulin.

(3) The order of drawing long-acting and short-acting insulin must not be reversed. When mixing two dosage forms of insulin by yourself, the short-acting insulin must be drawn first, and then the medium-acting or long-acting insulin. If you mix intermediate-acting or long-acting insulin into a short-acting insulin bottle, the bottle of short-acting insulin can no longer be used.

(4) Injection method: After selecting the injection site, use alcohol cotton balls to disinfect the skin. After the alcohol dries, use one hand to pinch the skin of the injection site about 1 inch, and hold it with the other hand. The syringe is inserted into the injection site at a 45-degree angle, injects the liquid, and then relaxes the lifted skin. The needle should stay under the skin for 6-7 seconds before pulling it out. Do not rub the injection site.

3. How to use an insulin pen Insulin pen is the most commonly used insulin syringe in clinical application at present. It has the characteristics of accurate injection dose, simple operation, convenient carrying and storage. It is especially suitable for self-injection by diabetic patients and is very popular among patients. However, each type of insulin pen has a dedicated matching refill and cannot be mixed.

(1) Install the refill: Before installation, check whether the refill is complete and whether there are any cracks. If it is damaged, replace it. Twist open the refill holder, insert the refill, use 75% alcohol to sterilize the rubber film at the front of the refill, take out the needle, open the package, tighten the needle clockwise, and remove the needle protective cap.

(2) Exhaust: This operation must be performed every time the insulin refill is replaced. Turn the dose adjustment knob that displays zero unit to 1 unit, stand the needle tip upward, flick the refill holder several times with your finger to allow air to gather at the upper part, and press the injection button until a drop of insulin overflows from the needle, which means the drive rod has connected with the needle. The refill is in complete contact and the air bubbles in the refill have been exhausted. Otherwise, this operation must be repeated.

(3) Dose selection: Rotate the dose adjustment knob to the required number of injection units.

(4) Injection method: Routinely disinfect the injection site. Use your left thumb and index finger to pinch up the abdominal fat layer. Hold the pen in your right hand to insert the needle vertically and quickly. Press the injection button with your right thumb to inject. After the injection, continue subcutaneously. Stay for 6-7 seconds, and then quickly withdraw the needle in the direction of needle insertion.

4． How to judge whether insulin has failed. Short-acting insulin and long-acting insulin analogues are colorless and clear solutions. Once they become turbid or the liquid turns yellow, they cannot be used. Medium- and long-acting insulin or premixed insulin is generally a uniform milky white suspension. Once it appears, If the precipitate is lumpy and cannot be shaken well, it cannot be used. In addition, insulin that has expired must not be used further.