First, the preparation work before purchasing
For buyers, the preparation process before purchasing is the process of publicizing and obtaining effective information from suppliers. Under the network environment, it will evolve into information resources (such as product price, quality, company status, technical support, etc.) that suppliers actively publish their products. ) online, and enterprises can query and master the commodity information resources they need online at any time.
The two sides push and pull each other to complete the process of realizing the supply and demand of commodity information. In the network environment, information exchange is usually completed by logging in and browsing the other party's website and homepage, which is faster and more efficient than the traditional way. The information exchange before purchasing is mainly to let enterprises know the price and quality of suppliers' products. So the price largely determines the purchase decision.
Second, consultation between the supply and demand sides.
Process In the network environment, the file exchange of traditional procurement negotiation can evolve into the transmission process of records, files or messages in the network. Various network tools and special data exchange protocols automatically ensure the accuracy, security and reliability of network transmission.
Once an enterprise chooses a suitable supplier that can guarantee the best product quality, the most reasonable price and the best service, it can consult and negotiate with it online.
Various business documents and documents (such as price list, quotation sheet, inquiry sheet, offer, order, purchase order reply, purchase order change request, transportation instruction, delivery notice, payment notice, invoice, etc.). ) has become the standard information form of online transactions, reducing loopholes and errors and standardizing the whole procurement process.
Third, the formulation and implementation of the contract.
After the negotiation process is completed, the negotiation results need to be determined in the form of legal documents to supervise the performance of the contract, so both parties must sign the procurement contract in writing. On the one hand, it can put an end to irregular behavior in the procurement process, on the other hand, it can avoid economic disputes caused by invalid contracts.
Because network protocols and online business information tools can ensure the accuracy, security and reliability of all procurement negotiation documents, both parties can restrain procurement behavior and implement negotiation results through negotiation documents.
Four. Payment and settlement process
After the purchase is completed, warehouses and enterprises should conduct payment and settlement activities with suppliers. At present, there are two main ways for enterprises to pay for goods to suppliers:
1, electronic money, including electronic cash, electronic wallet and electronic credit card;
2. electronic check,
Such as electronic check, electronic remittance, electronic transfer, etc. The former is mainly used for small payment between enterprises and suppliers, which is relatively simple; The latter is mainly used for large-sum fund settlement between enterprises and suppliers, which is more complicated.
Extended data:
The traditional procurement model has the following problems: buyers and suppliers block information from each other for their own interests and play asymmetric information games, so procurement can easily develop into a blind behavior; The relationship between supply and demand is generally temporary or short-term, and competition is more than cooperation, which is easy to cause the result of both losses;
Poor information exchange, unable to track the supplier's product quality and delivery date; Lack of responsiveness to users' needs and inability to face the rapidly changing market; Profit-driven causes black-box operation, giving up the good for the second time, giving up the cheap for the expensive, giving up the near for the far, and breeding a hotbed of corruption; The design department, production department and purchasing department are out of touch, which leads to the backlog of inventory and takes up a lot of working capital.
Baidu encyclopedia-e-commerce procurement