What is effective exercise?

Interest and content are effective foundations.

Sincerity and orderliness are effective guarantees.

Second, research must be supported by correct ideas.

Keep in mind: No matter how the curriculum reform is changed, we must keep in mind the three "noes", that is, the nature of the subject cannot be changed, the task of cultivating students' good study and behavior habits cannot be lost, and the role of teachers cannot be released.

Clear:

The nature of primary school students' homework.

Pupils' homework is to practice calligraphy. The lower grades are writing sentences and words. Middle and senior grades are homework. In other words, the lower grade is willing to express, the middle grade is free to express, and the upper grade is individual expression. Writing should be the need of life, and write when necessary. Like food and clothes, it is an indispensable part of our life. Our homework teaching must not give children the impression that they should sit still and write their compositions. Based on this, the primary purpose of composition teaching is to stimulate students' interest in writing.

There are various requirements for composition, and I think the most important requirement is meaning.

When writing a composition from the lower grades, students are required to tell the truth and speak their own words, which not only teaches students to learn composition, but also teaches students to be a man, demands truthfulness and sincerity, and opposes telling lies, empty words and adult words. It is necessary to seek truth and be sincere throughout the exercise training in primary schools. For example, some children fantasize about the day when they win the grand prize, which is incorrect values. This requires teachers' timely guidance, and we must deal with the relationship between personality expression and value orientation.

Composition is skill, not knowledge.

Exercise guidance is to help students open their minds and let each student find what he wants to write. The second is to help students choose what they are interested in, useful and familiar with. Don't say it all at once, it's useless to improve students' writing ability. The more you talk, the less you can write. The correct approach should be to understand methods in writing, use methods in writing, use induction more, and try to play less pasting, so that children can gradually understand how to write this composition in the process of writing. We encourage teachers to write down hydrology. Only in this way can teachers know the joys and sorrows and guide students to write more targeted compositions.

The root of exercise ability lies in reading and reading ability.

We usually say that writing accumulates in reading, and reading is the basis of writing. The root of writing ability is reading ability. First, tell us how to write, mostly from reading, because a good article clearly tells us how to write. Second, only a thick product can make a thin hair. Therefore, we should strengthen the improvement of reading teaching and pay attention to guiding students to understand and write while reading, so as to better reflect the combination of reading and writing in Chinese teaching.

Third, Kung Fu is usually practiced, the method is skillfully acquired, and the interest runs through.

Guiding students to learn to learn, learn to cooperate, strengthen process training, and cultivate the desire and ability of lifelong learning, which fully reflects the transformation of the new curriculum function. Instead of asking students to do 100 questions according to your requirements, it is better to teach students the methods through several questions and let them do more questions by themselves. Then in this process, students may feel more surprised than teachers, and they are by no means obedient. Knowledge is boundless, and knowledge is boundless. Chinese and China culture in China, in particular, have a long history and are profound. Imagine children's wonderful imagination and innovation. As teachers, how can we give full play to its role? In today's knowledge economy society, the "bookworm" who can only learn but can't use it can't adapt to the requirements of today's knowledge economy era anyway.

Therefore, in teaching practice, in order to improve students' writing level, I try to explore some interesting practices throughout, and strive to combine teaching and learning, learning and using organically.

1, skill notes.

In intensive reading teaching, we should not only pay attention to "teaching methods", but also pay special attention to "understanding writing". In the process of training students to read aloud, we should prompt the ingenious conception, novel conception and appropriate expression of the article in time, guide students to realize it in reading, strengthen the training of the process, turn some intangible writing skills into things within reach, and make them form a clear impression in students' minds, so as to guide students at any time. For example, the figurative writing in Poplar and Mahogany, the concrete expression of the author's narrative in Raising Flowers, and the outstanding description of the characters' appearance in the lesson of Ideal Kite have left a deep impression on students. Coupled with regular consolidation, students write the classic chapters correctly. Writing will inadvertently imitate, will certainly stimulate their interest. (establish an "essay book". That is to say, you can take notes in class at will, without format or standard, and record the teacher's blackboard writing, the ideas, skills and expression methods of individual words or articles emphasized, or the contents of the demonstration (you can take notes after class) on the premise of not delaying the normal class. In order to sort out the study notes after preparing lessons, and copy, draw lessons from and use them in unit review or mid-term and final review. )

2, diary practice brushwork. Combine diary with composition teaching and reading teaching to help students choose interesting materials, use good writing methods learned from reading teaching, practice writing at any time, and correct and comment at any time. For example, ask students to write down their thoughts after reading an article or a book in their diaries, copy down their favorite words and sentences or talk about their reasons for liking them. This not only avoids the phenomenon that students have no content in their diaries, but also keeps abreast of the differences in students' writing emotions and abilities.

3. Cumulative lifting method. Accumulation requires students to arrange on the basis of reading comprehension for reference, reproduction and application. Regular accumulation can not only train students' classified thinking, but also train their writing ability. Based on this, I try my best to arouse students' interest in accumulation from many angles and guide the accumulation methods. List two kinds: First, learning notebook (presentation) Establishing a "learning notebook" is particularly critical for learning Chinese and previewing. Let students preview, collect and accumulate before learning the text, and let them perfect preview, accumulation and perception after learning the text, which can reduce the difficulty of preview and aim at "playing hard to get". The contents of study notes include words (new words, similar words and polyphonic words), words (understanding new words, antonyms and synonyms), sentences and articles (including the center), and feelings of learning and writing (from thinking, writing, sentiment and so on). Large links require unity, and small links can innovate independently. In the process of learning and understanding, you can put forward opinions at any time, show and evaluate the study notebook once every once in a while, and establish an incentive mechanism, such as exempting homework and adding points to the group. Students learn from each other, and their desire for success drives them to make continuous progress. In this way, the quality of classroom composition is also high, and interest is also mobilized. Over time, students have developed a good habit of taking notes by themselves, which is a good review and extension of classroom teaching content. Regular arrangement not only helps to cultivate self-study ability, but also subtly cultivates writing ability.

(Presentation) The forms of reading accumulation, such as trademark literacy accumulation, newspaper clippings accumulation, writing gaps, vivid texture writing, good word links, etc. (Suitable for lower grades), Chinese honey collection, ancient poetry accumulation, idiom accumulation, ancient poetry painting, Chinese extended painting, idiom link, etc. (Suitable for middle school students), classroom study notes, reading comprehension paradise, Chinese extended handwritten newspaper, rewriting ancient poems, etc.

Read and accumulate books, and guide students to accumulate good words, famous sayings, proverbs, couplets and proverbs. In the form they are interested in, guide them to design covers, catalogs and pictures for their notebooks from the perspective of interest, so as to make them illustrated. Then give them artistic names, such as "Chinese development paradise", "Chinese development handwritten newspaper" and "honey collection", which really help students, urge them to accumulate with their heart, and collect their own accumulation with their heart, laying a good foundation for replication in application. This not only enriches vocabulary and knowledge, but also avoids being empty and tasteless when writing and lacking the courage of words.

4. Guide the breakthrough method.

There are many methods and skills to guide students in exercise teaching, which can never be completed in one class, such as what to write and what not to write, which involves the choice of content, which to write first, which involves the order, which to write in detail and which to write slightly, and how to weigh the language.

Every time you attend a composition instruction class, you should prepare carefully to avoid covering everything and talking in general terms. According to the content of the composition, combined with the actual situation of students, we should seize the key and difficult points to make breakthroughs, come up with specific methods or samples or teachers' demonstrations to properly guide, elaborate, turn the difficult into the easy, stimulate interest and stimulate students' desire to write. In other words, only when students know how to write can they have confidence and hope to write well. For example, when I directed Interesting Childhood, I decided to focus on "interesting", but the difficulty was to write it well. In order to highlight the key points, I listed two interesting childhood stories. The principle is to see the big from the small and the fun from the practice, so that students can understand how to choose materials in real life. In order to break through the difficulties, I use the methods of explanation, language description and examples to guide students to capture the language, behavior or psychological activities of the characters in the event, which must be in line with the age of the characters and highlight their humorous interest.

5. Comment on the Law on Promoting Reform. Careful review is a good habit and a serious attitude towards life, so we must pay attention to cultivating the habit and ability of reviewing exercises. I often say to students, "A good composition is a correction". I carefully review the composition of each unit, make records, understand the work style and shortcomings of each student, and sort it out at the same time. In order for all students to gain something from the comments, we should give a good lecture on each composition to meet the emotional needs of students who want to know their writing achievements. Through comments on model essays, appreciation of good sentences and paragraphs, or correction of ill sentences, leading the way and other forms, we try our best to let each student find the shortcomings and gaps in the composition independently, and with a feeling of admiration and envy, we will have the desire to actively revise, with emotional promotion, and create an atmosphere of self-correction. Let as many students as possible be inspired by the teacher's general evaluation, and feel warm in my heart. It is also necessary to let as many students as possible enjoy the joy of practice through more excellent exercises, progressive exercises and a few words. Those who are slightly backward and poorly written, even if they make a little progress, should be fully encouraged to arouse their desire for the next exercise.

Revising a composition also requires methods and key points. The lower grades focus on modifying sentences, the middle grades focus on modifying a paragraph, and the upper grades begin to practice modifying the whole article. There should be levels, not too demanding, and every revision should be focused, not just eyebrows and beards. Starting from the lower grades, the revision of sentences and paragraphs should start from the content and language. We should not only focus on language, but also combine the two aspects, and in many cases, the changing content is inseparable from language. We should educate our children to work hard and gain something, and encourage them to make efforts to change. For example, there is a painter in Germany. Someone once complained to him that the paintings I had worked so hard could not be sold for a year. He said, "Then please turn around and paint for a year and sell them one day." Therefore, don't generalize, a sentence or a paragraph about the guidance of revising the composition. Taking sentences as an example, it is best for teachers and students to modify them together, so that students can clearly understand how to modify them, and after the modification, children can really feel the effect of the modification by showing comments.

6. Design a personal composition collection. In order to stimulate students' writing enthusiasm and develop their writing personality, I try my best to encourage students to set up a personal composition collection and copy their usual good compositions neatly in the composition collection. Font, layout and design style are all created independently by individuals, and teachers review and comment at any time. Comments are mainly encouraged, and the whole class shows comments once a month, aiming at learning from each other and improving. The effect of setting up the composition collection is completely beyond my imagination. After a semester, none of the students lost it. Several students wrote on the collection card: (presentation) (1) "Each of our students regards the composition collection as a treasure and dresses up beautifully ..." (2) "I think my composition level has improved because I copied every composition. In this way, I learned to revise my composition. I used to play only when I was free. Now, whenever I have time, I want to design a composition collection to enrich my after-school life ... "(3)" Every time I look at it as a series, I will be proud of my careful design. In addition, it also allows us to review my good compositions frequently ... "(4)" The composition collection has made me interested in writing and cultivated my.

I think this strong interest will inevitably encourage students to read more, accumulate more, write with heart and write with emotion.

The activity of designing composition sets has really improved students' personality. Clever pasting, exquisite pictures and meaningful handwriting, humorous self-evaluation will make you see the release of freedom and nature, and the generation of innovative spirit and emotion will make you feel a kind of vanity that is ready to move, and suddenly this vanity becomes a kind of motivation and hope.

7. Establish a class composition collection. Teachers carefully select excellent compositions from the students' composition collection and copy them in the class composition handbook, so as to retain students' excellent works, encourage students' sense of competition, enhance their sense of collective honor and innovate class characteristics.

8. Give lectures on comprehensive language ability. We have accumulated a wealth of knowledge in and out of class, and we should also give students ample opportunities to show, communicate and report. Students can be guided to learn idioms, famous sayings, proverbs, two-part allegorical sayings, and other extracurricular knowledge accumulated in their usual study, as well as to read, through colorful activities such as idioms solitaire, riddles, self-created poems, appreciation of ancient poems, performance of idiom stories, poetry painting, holding story meetings, making up new stories, appreciation of young writers' improvisational works, and improvisation. We should pay special attention to students' participation in learning activities and find ways to stimulate students' strong sense of participation and cooperation. Everyone should actively participate in it and be good at cooperating with others, which is a powerful guarantee to protect students' interest and self-esteem. Such communication and reporting opportunities are not only reading training, but also oral training; Absorption and expression can fully display students' reading ability, accumulation ability, oral communication ability, writing ability, innovation ability, cooperation ability, good expression temperament and comprehensive Chinese practice level, and can well reflect the interaction between students and teachers and students. Students' creativity beyond imagination can often better stimulate our inspiration and creativity.

It should be noted that students should not bind their thinking when reporting. They should consciously guide all employees to participate and encourage students to try boldly. Even if there is something wrong, they should correct it with appreciation and protect students' interest.

9, multiple evaluation, protect interest and build confidence.

The new curriculum proposes to evaluate the changes and progress of students' emotional attitude, values, knowledge and skills, innovative consciousness and practical ability in various ways, with the aim of discovering and developing students' various potentials, helping students to know themselves and establish self-confidence. Therefore, from the perspective of encouraging students to be competitive, I use self-evaluation, teacher evaluation, peer evaluation and parent evaluation to let students experience the pleasure of success in self-appreciation and appreciation by others. We have found examples of learning from each other, which have been appreciated and supported in the communication with parents, which not only gives students confidence, but also has the motivation to explore constantly.

I remember that at the end of the first semester, I wrote a letter to my parents, hoping to further communicate with them emotionally, hoping that they would participate in the evaluation process of their children, find out their bright spots and give them more support and encouragement. To my delight, 80% of parents have written back seriously, put forward pertinent opinions and suggestions, and expressed their confidence and hope for their children.

Attachment: A letter to my parents.

Dear parents and friends,

Hello!

I am honored to spend a semester with your children. Their innocence has deeply infected me: I want to teach them to master rich knowledge and know how to be a man with a sincere heart. In order to help children form a healthy and upward personality and improve their comprehensive quality, I made bold attempts and reforms in composition teaching this semester, and explored a series of composition teaching methods such as "keeping a diary, accumulating and improving skills, guiding breakthroughs, commenting and promoting changes, and establishing a personal composition collection". In teaching practice, I found that your children have a strong interest in composition, which is like a spring rain that moistens my heart and spurs me.

Every time I appreciate the children's composition collection, I always feel comfortable and satisfied. At the same time, I deeply feel that reading more and feeling more is an effective way to improve the level of composition, and I think you will cooperate more.

I am especially grateful to you for your help and support in Chinese learning for me and my children in the past semester. I urge you to "read" your children's study notes, diaries and composition collections and sincerely talk about your own ideas. I sincerely hope that you can give us valuable opinions and suggestions.

You and your child's friend: Zhang.

65438+February 22, 2004

9. Take multiple evaluations to encourage students to strive for the first place. Attach importance to all kinds of evaluation information, make full use of information from students themselves, parents, teachers, leaders and other aspects, conduct objective evaluation by means of investigation, discussion, study, consultation, comprehensive report, network, etc., constantly sum up experience and improve it.

Parental reply clip:

1, "When reading Zhang Xue's composition collection, I asked Zhang Xue,' Did you write this yourself?' Zhang said,' I wrote mom myself.' I can't tell you how happy I am. Can my child write such a composition? I still don't believe it. But the teacher's comments, her composition in my eyes. To tell the truth, I haven't read her composition since she went to school. If you hadn't organized this activity, please ask parents to point out the maze. I really didn't know that my child had a little talent in writing. It's also because I don't care enough about my children. Because the child has never been able to get up from school, I have to give her up, and I don't care. Only she said, "You can learn how you like, as long as the teacher doesn't come to me.

Now I want to change my practice and work hard with my teacher to make her score by going up one flight of stairs.

Finally, I said to the teacher deeply, "Thank you, you woke me up and made me full of confidence in my children."

2. "In my spare time, I often look through my daughter's composition collection, just like appreciating a work of art and reading her interesting articles. I seem to have returned to my childhood, walked into the child's heart and shared happiness with her ... "

3. "When I read the children's study notes, diaries and composition collections according to your request, I saw neat handwriting and beautiful pictures, as if I saw the spark of hope flashing in front of my eyes."

4. "From the beginning of this semester, we found that children's homework after school is different from before. In addition to writing normal homework, some new contents have been added. For example, children are required to read an article, write a diary and write down good words and sentences every day. We think this method is very good, which not only cultivates children's reading ability, but also stimulates children's interest in learning. Accumulated a wealth of written knowledge for children's writing. "

5. "We have clearly seen the progress of children's composition. I quite agree with your teaching method. In normal study life, reading more, writing more, reciting more and practicing more are indeed effective ways to improve writing, and can also enrich children's language accumulation and lay a good foundation for future work and study.

But I found that children remember too fast and forget too fast. This requires constant consolidation to prevent forgetting. Simple rote learning is not impressive enough for children. If children are required to use this knowledge in writing practice, I think children will certainly master it more firmly in the process of practical application. "

Since I have been engaged in scientific research, I feel a great responsibility on my shoulders. Whenever I calm down, I always like to review my exploration and attempt in composition research. In the fleeting scene, I felt the hardships, the inner shock, the joy of success and the unspeakable hope.