(1) Economic globalization has provided a golden opportunity for China to achieve leap-forward economic and technological development and catch up with developed countries.
As economic globalization makes capital, technology, knowledge and other factors of production flow freely around the world, China enterprises can seize the opportunity to introduce foreign advanced science and technology and advanced management experience at the lowest cost, which provides a golden opportunity for China's scientific and technological development and economic take-off.
(b) Economic globalization has provided unprecedented opportunities for entrepreneurship and employment for millions of China people.
With the increasingly detailed international division of labor around the world, every nation and country will get due opportunities in economic and technological progress. Since the reform and opening up, a large number of foreign investments have directly poured into China, or wholly-owned enterprises have been established, or Sino-foreign joint ventures or cooperative enterprises have been established with China enterprises. At the same time, China enterprises have also rushed out of Asia to the world, and set up branches or joint ventures with local enterprises in more than 100 countries and regions, providing a large number of employment and entrepreneurial opportunities for China's surplus labor force.
(C) Economic globalization has provided unprecedented opportunities for China's high-tech development and international exchange of high-tech talents.
Due to the high development of modern information, communication technology and computer technology, especially the emergence of global network system, the spatial distance between countries has been greatly shortened. Today, scientists and technicians from all over the world can cooperate remotely, thus reducing the opportunity cost of the exchange of scientists and technicians, enabling China's scientists and technicians to learn foreign advanced technologies without going abroad, and to know the development trend of science and technology in all countries of the world without going abroad, greatly reducing the repeated work of China's scientists and technicians, which provides opportunities for the development of high technology in China.
(D) Economic globalization provides opportunities for China to actively participate in, influence and establish a new international economic and political order.
As we all know, the current international economic order is irrational, undemocratic and unequal, which has a great negative impact on the access of developing countries to economy, trade, knowledge and technology, and has aggravated the gap between the rich and the poor in developed and developing countries. However, most of these existing international economic rules are formulated by developed countries. Although the interests of developing countries are taken into account, the proportion is very small, and some rules are even formulated without the participation of developing countries. In particular, some industrial development rules, such as information technology product agreements, labor standards, etc., were formulated when developing countries have not developed or have not fully developed, which is obviously unfair and unreasonable. China is a developing country, but it is a populous country and a potential economic power. After joining the WTO, we can take advantage of the opportunity of economic globalization to actively participate in the reform of the international economic order and protect the interests of ourselves and the vast number of developing countries.
Second, the challenges brought by economic globalization to China.
(A) economic globalization may bring greater difficulties to China's economic restructuring.
China's economic system reform has entered a critical stage. At present, the task of reform is very arduous, and the external impact brought by economic globalization will further increase the difficulty of reform.
(B) Economic globalization has made the brain drain of high-tech talents in China more serious.
Because foreign countries or foreign companies have a good working environment and high salary, they are very attractive. Therefore, many outstanding scientific and technological talents in China go to work in foreign-funded enterprises, and some scientific and technological workers are out of their control through the global network system to serve foreign capital. The proportion of young students, teachers or researchers who go abroad to study and research is very low. According to statistics, since the reform and opening up, there have been more than 400,000 overseas students in China, and only 33% of them have returned to China. A large number of brain drain is essentially an inverted technology transfer, which has an intangible and incalculable impact on China.
(C) Economic globalization has relatively increased the difficulty of developing and applying high and new technologies in China.
On the one hand, economic globalization provides opportunities for China's high-tech development, on the other hand, it also increases the difficulty of China's high-tech development. Because, although economic globalization can bring benefits to both rich and poor countries, relatively speaking, the gap between rich and poor countries is not narrowing, but widening. The development and utilization of high technology needs strong economic strength as the backing. Developed countries have an absolute advantage in the development and use of high technology. Secondly, the trading rules and standards of high technology are completely formulated by developed countries, and developing countries are only recipients of these rules and standards. Fundamentally speaking, the control of these rules and standards is a higher level control, which not only controls today's production process, but also controls the future development trend. China is a populous country and a potential economic power, not an economic power. Therefore, we must face up to and solve these problems.
(d) Economic globalization may have a certain impact on China's national industries and markets.
Economic globalization has integrated the domestic market with the international market, and it is increasingly impossible to protect the domestic market by closing the domestic market. China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) at the end of 200 1 marked the beginning of China's participation in the process of economic globalization. Therefore, China's domestic market continues to expand until it is fully integrated with the international economy. A set of effective trade protection laws and regulations established in the past will be abolished or amended (except for the provisions reserved by China) because they conflict with the rules of the World Trade Organization. With the influx of foreign goods, the impact on national industries is getting bigger and bigger, and sometimes it even causes domestic economic fluctuations.
(e) Economic globalization may increase domestic financial risks.
Financial internationalization is one of the important contents of economic globalization, which requires the liberalization of international financial capital, so the speed of international capital flow will be greatly accelerated. In a large number of international capital flows, short-term capital accounts for a large proportion. The biggest feature of this kind of international capital is its strong speculation. It frequently enters and exits the capital markets of all countries at the fastest speed, which not only brings huge capital supply to all countries, but also brings huge impact to their finance and economy. Because this short-term international capital suddenly withdraws from the domestic financial market in large quantities, it will induce the domestic financial crisis.