Acheng rice is an agricultural product with geographical indication.
Ashe River Township in Acheng City, Heilongjiang Province is located on the banks of the Ashe River 23 kilometers southeast of Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province. The eastern mountainous area has undulating peaks and the western plain is as broad as a stone. The city covers an area of ??2,900 square kilometers and governs 8 townships, 11 towns, and 4 street offices. The total population is 660,000, of which 220,000 are in the urban area. In 1999, the GDP was 3.78 billion yuan, and the full-scale fiscal revenue was 362 million yuan. Acheng has abundant water resources, fertile soil, and is rich in rice. It is famous far and wide. In 1996, the Rural Development Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council and the Special Products Committee of the Chinese Agricultural Society named it the "Hometown of Rice in China". Rice production in Ashhe Township, the main rice producing area, adopts The pollution-free cultivation technology was named the "Pollution-free Agricultural Products Base" by Harbin City in 1999. The specialty product, high-grade rice-free rice, is a green food that is carefully processed using excellent rice varieties and produced by the pollution-free cultivation technology. It has plump grains. , with the characteristics of smooth color, delicious taste, rich nutrition, cleanness and no washing. The registered "Ashhe" high-grade rice without washing is exported to Beijing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other places. It has initially formed a brand effect, has huge development potential and broad market prospects.
Regional Scope
Acheng Rice Producing Area is located in the middle of Acheng District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province. It is located in the Songnen Plain and the upper reaches of the Songhua River. It belongs to the north-central temperate zone and is located between the Ash River and The river valleys on both sides of its tributary basins and the low-lying marsh areas on the south bank of the Songhua River. The climate is mild, the sun is sufficient, the rainfall is abundant, and the soil is fertile, making it suitable for growing rice. Acheng rice area protection scope covers 12 villages in five townships in Acheng District, including Ashhe City Construction Village; Dongguang Village, Shuanglan Village, Aimin Village, and Lishu Village in Shuangfeng Town; Hongxin Village and Liansheng Village in Liadian Manchu Township , Xihua Village, Xinjian Village; Haidong Village, Haixing Village, Hongxing Township; Xinguang Village, Yagou Town. The rice planting area reaches 8,000 hectares, with an annual rice output of about 48,000 tons.
Natural ecological environment and human and historical factors
(1) Soil and landform conditions: Acheng’s rice production area is flat, far away from the city center, without industrial “three wastes” pollution, and the land is clean. The soil is clean and fertile. It is black clay and sandy loam. The terrain is low-lying. The soil organic matter content is 3-6. The natural fertility is high and it is especially suitable for rice growth.
(2) Hydrological conditions: The paddy fields are irrigated by the water system of Hongxing Reservoir or Xiquanyan Reservoir in Acheng District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province. The base is located in the upstream of the irrigation area. There is no pollution from the upper reaches to the Songhua River. Irrigation, mild climate, sufficient sunshine, abundant rainfall, good ecological environment, forest coverage rate is 31%, rain and heat are in the same season, and the frost-free period is about 136 days. Precipitation is uniform, with an annual precipitation of about 600 mm.
(3) Climate conditions: The area is located on the east side of the mid-latitude Eurasian continent and on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean. It belongs to the cold
temperate humid monsoon climate zone. The climate characteristics are obvious, with long, cold and dry winters, often affected by cold currents from Siberia, Lake Baikal and the Mongolian Plateau, and short, warm and humid summers. Affected by warm and humid ocean air currents, there are strong winds and little rain in spring, heavy rains in autumn and summer, and periods of continuous rain. The temperature changes drastically in spring and autumn, and the four seasons are distinct.
In winter, under the control of polar continental air masses, northwest winds prevail and the climate is cold and dry. Affected by the Pacific subtropical air mass, southeasterly winds prevail in summer, resulting in high temperatures and rainy weather. It has obvious continental monsoon climate characteristics and is a semi-humid area.
The average annual temperature in this area is 3.3°C. The average temperature in January is -18.8℃, the average temperature in July is 23℃, and the active accumulated temperature where the daily average temperature is greater than 10℃ is 2800℃.
The average annual rainfall in this area is 542 mm; the frost-free period is short, with the first frost on September 25 and the last frost on May 3, about 156 days. The total number of sunshine hours throughout the year is 2,700 hours.
Although the climate in this area is suitable for the growth of crops that mature once a year, disastrous weather often occurs, such as continuous rain, long-term drought, early frost, etc., which often bring varying degrees of difficulties to crop growth and people's production and life. harm and losses. Natural disasters mainly include drought, flood, low temperature, hail and frost. Including special climate factors such as monsoon, temperature, humidity, sunshine and precipitation.
(4) Cultural and historical situation: Acheng rice was produced as early as 1197 and has a history of more than 800 years. In March 1996, it won the title of "China's Rice Town". It is a specialty of the "Shangjing Gongmi" base. Sufficient light and good photosynthesis make the quality of crops better. Acheng rice produced in Acheng District has its own unique quality.
Acheng rice is located in the first temperate zone of Heilongjiang Province, which is very suitable for water and suitable for the growth of rice. The unique geographical climate and suitable rainfall create the unique quality of Acheng rice. Since 1997, farmers in Acheng District have spontaneously formed more than 30 rice professional associations such as the Ash River Rice Association. These cooperative economic organizations are working to improve rice varieties, improve planting technology, and enhance market competitiveness. In August 2007, Acheng District Rice farmers spontaneously established the province's first district-level farmers' professional cooperative - Jinjing Rice Professional Cooperative in Acheng District, Harbin. The base has been growing rice for more than 40 years. From 1969 to 1990, 10 Korean villages spontaneously established the "Korean Rice Planting Association" and opened up a Korean rice planting base. In 1993, the base implemented dry breeding and thin planting and super thin planting, skillfully applied pesticides and chemical fertilizers, and produced according to the "National Pollution-free Agricultural Products Production Standard", opening up a path for the production of pollution-free agricultural products by applying pollution-free fertilizers. Pollution-damaged rice, a new way to improve agricultural production conditions. In 1995, the association absorbed large Han planters and changed its name to the "Urban Village Rice Planting Association". In 1999, pollution-free and high-quality "free from washing" rice was produced. The rice produced in 2001 was tested as Grade A green food rice by the Harbin Municipal Agriculture Bureau and Environmental Protection Bureau. In 2002, it applied for the "Ash River" brand rice trademark and was rated as the "Hometown of Rice in China". In 2007, the Paddy Farm Machinery Cooperative and Harbin Acheng Jinjing Rice Cooperative were established, achieving a unit yield of 600-650 kilograms and product quality reaching a certain level. It is certified as pollution-free rice by Harbin Acheng Jinjing Rice Professional Cooperative.
Production technical requirements
(1) Origin selection and special content regulations: Acheng rice is selected from the Ashe River in the middle of Acheng District, located in the Songnen Plain and the upper reaches of the Songhua River. It is produced in the river valleys on both sides of its tributary basins and in the low-lying swamps on the south bank of the Songhua River. The area has a mild climate, sufficient sunlight, abundant rainfall, and fertile soil, making it suitable for growing rice. Acheng rice area protection scope covers 12 villages in five townships in Acheng District, including Ashhe City Construction Village; Dongguang Village, Shuanglan Village, Aimin Village, and Lishu Village in Shuangfeng Town; Hongxin Village and Liansheng Village in Liadian Manchu Township , Xihua Village, Xinjian Village; Haidong Village, Haixing Village, Hongxing Township; Xinguang Village, Yagou Town. The cultivated land area of ??the whole reserve is 25096.7 hectares. The professional cooperative has a pollution-free rice planting area of ??8,000 hectares, an annual output of about 48,000 tons of rice, and 1,108 members. All its products meet the standards of pollution-free agricultural products.
(2) Variety selection and specific requirements: According to the regional ecological conditions and the requirements for pollution-free food rice varieties, select high quality, high yield, disease resistance, strong stress resistance, strong tillering ability and maturity period. Suitable fine varieties, reasonable combination of early, medium and late maturing varieties. The first accumulated temperature area uses Wuyoudao No. 1 and Songgen 6 varieties; the second accumulated temperature area uses Kendao 10 and Songjing 10 varieties; the third accumulated temperature area uses Suijing 4 and Longjing 14 varieties.
(3) Production process management, including special regulations on the use of agricultural inputs: Acheng Rice strictly implements the six management systems for the production of pollution-free agricultural products in Acheng District during the production process, namely: pollution-free agricultural inputs Management system, pollution-free agricultural product quality traceability system, pollution-free agricultural product technical service system
Management system, pollution-free agricultural product production training system, pollution-free agricultural product file management system, pollution-free agricultural product "ten households joint guarantee" system .
Four types of supervision are adopted in terms of agricultural inputs: First, market supervision.
Further increase the supervision of inputs
and do a good job in source control. In the management of inputs, adhere to the business license system and the regular disclosure system for prohibited and restricted inputs (TV announcements, information release inputs List of prohibited and restricted inputs), the Green Office and the Agricultural Law Enforcement Brigade cooperated to post the list of prohibited and restricted inputs on the wall for business operators, so that producers can clearly use them. The second is law enforcement and supervision. The agricultural law enforcement brigade will conduct comprehensive inspections and supervision of the investment market, leading enterprises, and base farmers. The third is technical supervision. The technical department provides training to producers and provides specific guidance and services on production inputs. The fourth is network supervision. The Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Office will establish electronic files on the production process, bases, enterprises, production households, input lists, etc., and implement digital management.
Strictly control the source of seeds; seed production units must have a seed production license; operating units must have a business license, seed business license, and seed quality certificate; seeds imported from abroad or other provinces and cities must have Quarantine certificate; there is a special seed warehouse and storage personnel. The storage personnel should check the quantity, variety and relevant certificates of seeds before entering the warehouse; seeds should have detailed entry and exit records; expired seeds should be cleaned up in time .
Pesticides are used in strict accordance with the "Guidelines for Rational Use of Pesticides" and "Standards for Safe Use of Pesticides" promulgated by the state; highly toxic, highly toxic, high-residue pesticides and pesticides that are not allowed to be used expressly by the state are not used in production. Pesticides; have a dedicated pesticide warehouse and storage personnel; storage personnel must check the quantity, variety and "three certificates" of pesticides before they can be stored in the warehouse; minimize the use of chemical pesticides and actively use biological pesticides; according to the occurrence of pests and diseases or related Provide disease and insect information from the technical department, guide the use of pesticides, achieve appropriate prevention and treatment, prescribe drugs to diseases, and pay attention to the alternate use of pesticides to improve drug efficacy; strictly control the safe interval of pesticide use; use pesticides safely and rationally; and do the best in a timely manner Field file records of pesticide use.
Strictly implement the guidelines for rational use of fertilizers; apply balanced fertilizers according to plant growth needs, apply harmlessly treated pollution-free fertilizers, and use inorganic compound fertilizers with reasonable proportions. Fertilization principles: Use pollution-free fertilizers as the main component, supplemented by other fertilizers; use multi-compound fertilizers as the main component, single element fertilizers as the supplement; apply base fertilizers as the main component, supplemented by top-dressing fertilizers; limit the use of chemical fertilizers as much as possible; apply the last top-dressing fertilizer after harvesting Carry out the first 30 days; make timely field files and records of fertilizer use; store fertilizers separately according to different types in dry, cool warehouses and other places; avoid fertility loss and environmental pollution due to environmental factors; external fertilizers It must be a product with complete "three certificates" (product registration certificate, production license, and quality standard inspection certificate)
(4) Production record requirements: Set up a dedicated recorder to record farming operations; pesticide use records
The record files should be complete and true, and the names of pesticides used should be recorded according to crops. , including common name and trade name, registration certificate number, dosage form, prevention and control objects, time, application amount, frequency, and safety interval; fertilizer use record files should be complete and authentic, including fertilizer name, registration certificate number, type, application amount, Application methods, times, etc.; timely make various farming operation records, yield records and product sales records; records must be properly kept for one year to facilitate traceability inspection.
Typical product quality characteristics and product quality and safety regulations
(1) External sensory characteristics: Acheng rice has thick, long and full grains, with a thousand-grain weight of 50 grams.
(2) Intrinsic quality indicators: The rice quality is crystal clear, the steamed rice tastes mellow, nutritious and beneficial to health. It is an ideal choice for gifts to relatives and friends.
(3) Safety requirements: During the production and processing of Acheng Rice, we strictly comply with NY5116-2002 environmental conditions for pollution-free food rice, NY5115-2002 pollution-free food rice, and GB/T8321 standard for rational use of pesticides. , GB4285 standards for safe use of pesticides and other national mandatory regulations.
Packaging labeling and other relevant regulations
(1) Grading: Acheng rice is divided into three grades, namely first-grade rice, second-grade rice and third-grade rice.
(2) Packaging: woven bag packaging, specification 25kg/bag, paper bag packaging, 1kg per bag, 4 bags per box. Packaging materials comply with national food packaging hygiene requirements and should comply with environmental protection requirements. Packaging materials should be strong, clean, dry and free of any insect transmission, fungal contamination and bad odor.
(3) Logo: Users of the logo should uniformly use geographical indications of agricultural products (Acheng rice name and company logo pattern combination labeling type) on their products or their packaging.
(4) Storage: Store in a dark, normal temperature, dry and moisture-proof place. Raw materials are stored in designated storage areas in sufficient quantities and in compliance with management regulations. The storage warehouse should be clean, dry, well ventilated, and free of pests and rodents. It is strictly prohibited to mix with items that are toxic, harmful, corrosive, moldy, damp, or smelly. Finished products must be stored separately according to variety, label, serial number, and production date, and must not be mixed or damp.
(5) Transportation: The means of transportation should be clean, dry, and rainproof. It is strictly prohibited to transport together with toxic, harmful, corrosive, or smelly items.