Assignment 1

1. Short answer questions:

1. Answer: The functions of enterprise operation and management mainly include the following four aspects: 1. Decision-making and planning functions 2. Organized in command function 3. Supervision and control function 4. Potential tapping and innovation functions. The modern enterprise operating mechanism is the interaction between various elements of enterprise operation and the operating environment. Interconnected constraints and functional systems. It is an internal mechanism that can standardize and promote corporate behavior and make it tend to corporate goals. It has the basic function of guiding, motivating and restricting corporate behavior to achieve a virtuous cycle of corporate production and operation activities. The business operation mechanism can be roughly divided into the operating mechanism that ensures the normal operation of the enterprise, the motivation mechanism that stimulates enterprise activities, and the regulatory mechanism that restricts enterprise behavior. 1. Enterprise operating mechanism 2. Enterprise power mechanism 3. Enterprise monitoring mechanism operating mechanism. The power mechanism and monitoring mechanism are interconnected and interact with each other, and jointly affect the operation of the enterprise operating system.

2. Answer: Enterprise business philosophy refers to the sum of understanding and attitude towards various activities and relationships that occur in enterprise business activities. It is the basic guiding ideology that runs through all business activities. The basic business philosophy of an enterprise is to give full play to its competitive advantages and meet social needs with high-quality goods and services in order to achieve sustainable development. The main ones include: 1. Market concept. 2. Competition concept, 3. Innovation concept. 4. Benefit concept. Enterprise management philosophy refers to the world view and methodology of an enterprise in the operation and management process. It is the ideology and cultural image formed by the enterprise in dealing with the relationship between people and people and things. Generally refers to the management philosophy including the code of conduct and common beliefs that are unanimously recognized by the company.

3. Answer: The external environment of an enterprise can be divided into three levels: macro environment, industrial environment and competitive environment. Various influencing factors of the enterprise's external environment are beyond the control of the enterprise, and enterprises should pay attention to their investigation and analysis.

(1) Macroscopic environment 1. Political and legal environment 2. Economic environment 3. Technical environment 4. Social cultural environment

(2) Industrial environment 1. Research on potential competitors 2. Research on competition among existing enterprises in the industry 3. Analysis of threats from substitute manufacturers 4. Research on bargaining power of suppliers 5. Research on bargaining power of buyers

(3) Competitor analysis 1. Competitors’ future goals 2. Competitors’ self-assumptions 3. Competitors’ current strategies 4. Competitors’ potential capabilities

4. Answer: The main factors to consider when analyzing an enterprise’s internal environment are: (1) Enterprise operating resources Analysis (2) Analysis of corporate strategic capabilities 1. Analysis of corporate financial capabilities 2. Analysis of corporate marketing capabilities 3. Analysis of organizational effectiveness 4. Analysis of corporate culture (3) Analysis of corporate core capabilities

5. Answer: Corporate strategy Types:

(1) 1: Intensive growth strategy (1) Market penetration strategy (2) Market development strategy (3) Product development strategy 2: Integration strategy: (1) Vertical integration: 1 Forward and backward integration 2 Backward integration (2) Horizontal integration 3: Diversification strategy (1) Related diversification: 1. Concentric Diversity 2.

Horizontal diversification (2) Unrelated diversification

(2) Stable strategy 1. Day-to-day change strategy 2. Maintain profit strategy 3. Pause strategy 4. Cautious advancement strategy

( 3) Contraction strategy 1. Diversion strategy 2. Abandonment strategy 3. Liquidation strategy

6. Answer: Competitive strategy includes: (1) Cost leadership strategy (2) Differentiation strategy 1. Product differentiation strategy 2. Service differentiation strategy 3. Personnel differentiation strategy 4. Image differentiation strategy (3) Focus strategy 1. Product line focus strategy 2. Customer focus strategy 3. Region focus strategy

7. Answer: 1 Cost leadership strategy, also known as low-cost strategy, refers to a company's efforts to reduce costs through effective means so that the company's total cost is lower than its competitors' costs, or even the lowest cost among its peers, thereby gaining a competitive advantage. A strategy 2. Differentiation strategy refers to a strategy in which an enterprise has unique characteristics in terms of products, services, personnel and image. 3. Focus strategy is also called aggregation strategy, which refers to a strategy in which the business activities of an enterprise or business unit are concentrated on a specific buyer group, a certain part of the product line, or a certain geographical market.

8． Answer: The content of market forecast: (1) Demand forecast (2) Market supply forecast (3) Price forecast (4) Competition forecast. Market forecasting methods are generally divided into: (1) Qualitative forecasting method. It is a method of predicting future development trends and status through the investigation of relevant personnel who are familiar with the situation and mainly relying on personal subjective judgment. 1. Expert opinion 2. Subjective probability method 3. User opinion method 4. Enterprise personnel opinion method. (2) Quantitative prediction method. A method of arranging historical statistical data into a statistical series by year or month, and using it to predict the trend of food evolution over time, using a mathematical model to represent it, and making predictions based on it.

9. Answer: Volume-cost-profit analysis is also called break-even analysis method. It is based on a comprehensive analysis of the functional relationship between business volume, cost and profit, and is used to predict profits and control costs. A technical approach. Volume, cost and profit analysis are mainly used to make decisions on issues such as the company's operating conditions and profit level control based on the break-even point analysis principle. (1) Determine the breakeven point (2) Analyze the operating safety situation (3) Forecast the profit level under a certain sales volume (4) Determine the target cost.

10． Answer: The commonly used thinking principles for uncertain decision-making are: 1. Pessimism principle 2. Optimism principle 3. Moderate principle 4. Regret principle 5. Equal probability principle. For the same thing, because different people adopt different decision-making principles, the results of decision-making are also different.

Assignment 2

1. Short answer questions:

1. Answer: Principles for establishing a management organization: 1. Unified leadership, divided management principles 2. Streamlining , Principle of high efficiency 3. Principle of appropriate management span and level 4. Principle of professional division of labor and coordination

2. Answer: Advantages of linear functional system: It not only ensures centralized and unified command, but also has functional professional management Disadvantages of this kind of organization: functional departments are prone to egotism and do not pay attention to horizontal communication of information. Collaboration and cooperation between functional departments are poor and conflicts are prone to occur. Many tasks of functional departments must be reported directly to upper-level leaders. Functional departments have too much power and can easily interfere with the line command system. The advantage of the divisional organizational structure is that since each division is independent and adaptable to the market, the head office can greatly improve from specific daily affairs, which is conducive to cultivating and strengthening the responsibilities of the heads of each division. Focus on giving full play to their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity, which is conducive to supporting the company's comprehensive management talents and developing professional and serial production of products. Its disadvantages are: the functional organizations of the company and business units overlap, resulting in a waste of management personnel. The business units implement independent accounting, which may cause each business unit to only consider its own interests, thus affecting the collaboration between business units, some business contacts and communication It is often replaced by economic relations.

Advantages of the matrix organizational structure: due to the better combination of horizontal and vertical connections of the enterprise, collaboration and cooperation between departments are strengthened, departments can communicate in a timely manner and solve problems, and the organization is excited and flexible. It can better solve the phenomenon of disconnection between departments in the organizational structure, increase opportunities for mutual learning, and improve professional management levels. The disadvantage is: the responsibility of the project leader is greater than the power, because the people participating in the project are from different departments, the subordinate relationship is still in the original unit, and they are just here for "battle", so the project leader has difficulty in managing them and does not have enough incentives. This kind of dual management of personnel is a congenital flaw of the matrix organization. Since the project members come to various functional departments and after the task is completed, they still have to return to the original unit. Therefore, it is easy to have short-term thoughts and behaviors and have a negative impact on the work. Certain impact.

3. Answer: The enterprise management organization is mainly composed of managers, enterprise management rules and regulations, enterprise information and management methods, etc. The combination of various elements forms a unified whole to maximize the effectiveness of the organization. 1. Enterprise managers It is the main body in the management organization. 2. Enterprise management rules and regulations are the norms of organizational behavior. 3. Enterprise information is the medium of management. The purpose of various enterprise activities is to rationally arrange production and operations and achieve organizational goals through the transmission and exchange of information.

4. Answer: The main contents of enterprise human resources management include: 1. Human Resource Planning 2. Job Analysis 3. Recruiting and Hiring 4. Employee training and development 5. Performance appraisal and motivation 6. Compensation and Benefits 7. Occupational safety and health 8. Labor relations 9. Social Security 10. Other related work of human resource management

5. Answer: The meaning of motivation: The so-called motivation is to create conditions that meet the various needs of employees, stimulate employees' achievement motivation, and generate consistent enthusiasm for achieving corporate goals. An upward psychological state drives and guides the entire process of people's behavior. The role of motivation: 1. Incentives are an important means of motivating employees 2. Incentives are an effective way to form a good corporate culture 3. Incentives are a powerful lever to improve employee quality 4. Incentives are conducive to attracting and retaining employees

6. Answer: Common methods of spiritual motivation are: 1. Target motivation method. Target motivation is based on the stimulating effect of certain goals on motivation to motivate people. Enthusiasm, initiative and creativity combine employees' personal goals, collective goals and national goals to form a goal chain, thus becoming an effective way to stimulate employees. 2. Honor motivation method: Food is an important means to satisfy people's self-esteem needs and inspire people to strive for progress. 3. Participation and motivation methods: Through employee participation in management, employees can form a sense of belonging and identification with the company, thereby further satisfying employees' self-esteem and self-realization needs and stimulating employees' enthusiasm. 4. Emotional motivation method Emotional motivation is to strengthen emotional communication with employees, respect employees, care for employees, establish equal and cordial feelings with employees, so that employees can experience the care of the leader and the warmth of the company, thereby stimulating the sense of ownership and love The spirit of a factory is like a home. 5. Role model motivation method The role model motivation method is to establish the image of a model figure in the enterprise and call on and guide employees to imitate and learn. The above are just the common main methods of spiritual motivation. In actual work, various motivation methods should be comprehensively used according to different situations and based on reality, in order to achieve twice the result with half the effort. This transformation, the combined use of different means, is the basic technique of spiritual stimulation.

7. Answer: (1) The status of enterprise human resources management: People are the main body of all social activities and the most important and precious resource among many resources. Therefore, human resource management is the core of the entire enterprise management. 1. The existence and development of an enterprise depends on the people in the enterprise. Whether people can successfully solve various problems in the development of the enterprise and complete the various goals of the enterprise is the key to determining whether the enterprise survives and develops. 2. Any enterprise needs various types of management, and the core of management is to plan, organize, command, control, and coordinate enterprise activities based on the development and reform laws of objective things and their close relationships. , supervision. Only in this way can the normal development of the enterprise be guaranteed.

3. Develop human efforts, unleash human potential, and seek benefits for mankind. This is the eternal task set by human beings themselves. (2) The functions of enterprise human resources management: 1. Help the enterprise achieve its goals 2. Recruit needed personnel to add "fresh blood" to the enterprise 3. Train employees' skills and abilities to meet the requirements of the enterprise 4. Train employees with high morale and The greatest development space for employees with a collaborative spirit 5. Understand the career planning of employees to provide employees with the greatest development space 6. Improve the quality of employees’ work and life to achieve high employee satisfaction 7. Strengthen human resource management with all employees Communication of policies 8. Encourage employees to comply with company policies and have a sense of social responsibility.

2. Case Analysis

Answer: (1) The key to creating a learning organization must start with the organization’s learning ability: 1. Cultivate the continuous learning habits and learning abilities of organizational members 2. Create organizational members Provide opportunities for dialogue among members and cultivate dialogue capabilities among organizational members. 3. Create an environment for information sharing. 4. Establish collaborative research capabilities among organizational members. (2) is incorrect. It should be team learning, employee participation, and organizational members having a common vision, which can bring people with different personalities together and move toward the same goal.

Assignment 3

1. Answer: Raising channels refer to the various sources through which an enterprise obtains funds, that is, where the enterprise obtains funds from, reflecting the source and flow of funds. It belongs to Scope of funding supply. At present, my country's corporate financing sources mainly include the following channels: 1. National fiscal funds 2. Bank credit funds 3. Non-bank credit funds 4. Other enterprise funds 5. Private funds 6. Overseas funds

2 Answer: In order to give full play to the important role of profit distribution, the following principles must be followed in profit distribution: 1. Abide by national laws and implement corporate social responsibilities 2. Correctly handle the relationship between accumulation and consumption, and pay attention to the sustainable development of enterprises 3. Adhere to the principle of We should make up for the losses with good fortune and maintain a stable dividend ratio. 4. Implement the principles of openness, fairness and impartiality. After the company pays income taxes on profits, the remainder is called after-tax profits, that is, net profits. After-tax profits are distributed in the following order: 1. Make up for the previous year's corporate losses 2. Withdraw public reserve 3. Distribute dividends to shareholders

3. Answer: The time value of funds, also known as the time value of money, refers to The amount of capital value formed due to the time factor in the movement of funds. There are two types of time value of money: present value and future value. Present value refers to the present value of future funds. Future value is the value of money at the end of future periods.

Two. , Case Analysis

Answer: 1. The issues involved in this case are financial management issues. Because being able to correctly understand and analyze the quality of corporate assets is a basic requirement for financial managers. 2. Because: (1) Domestic brands will not make actual contributions to the future exports of the joint venture’s “foreign brand”. (2) The existing sales network has caused Company D a debt loss of 350 yuan on several occasions. This seemingly paralyzed sales network has become an important factor driving the company's insolvency. (3) The enterprise management model mainly consists of the enterprise's existing organizational structure and its interconnections, the enterprise's decision-making procedures, internal control systems, etc. The value of the management model mainly reflects whether the activities of the existing enterprise are smooth, whether it has the expected benefits, and whether it is consistent with the realization of the enterprise's goals. However, Company D is in a relatively serious situation with a history of more than ten years. Insolvent status, therefore, the management model of Company D is also unsuccessful. The sales network and management model factors of Company D cannot bring value to future joint ventures. (4) The technical factors related to the existing production line of Company D are unlikely to contribute to the future joint venture, and therefore are not recognized as assets by the joint venture.

Assignment 4

1. Answer: Enterprise technology management refers to the introduction of technology, technological innovation, technological development, and technological innovation under the competitive environment of market economy. Management work such as transformation, etc., so that the technical level of the enterprise can be improved and improved on the original basis.

Specifically, enterprise technology management work mainly includes the following five contents: 1. Establish a knowledge innovation and technology management system. 2. Institutional technological innovation policies create a good technological innovation environment for enterprises. 3. Actively collect scientific and technological information and focus on absorbing and introducing foreign experience. 4. Develop innovative talent resources, actively recruit and train technical talents, establish a scientific and technological team with excellent ideological and professional qualities, carry out internal technical education and various forms of job training and continuing education of scientific and technological personnel, so as to Adapt to the needs of technological progress. 5. Effectively manage the company's technological innovation, technology development, technology introduction and technological transformation.

2. Answer: Technological innovation refers to the process in which enterprises introduce certain new technologies with the help of certain forces in order to adapt to technological progress and changes in market competition. It includes product innovation, process innovation, organizational innovation, and market innovation. and material innovation. Characteristics of enterprise technological innovation; 1. Originality 2. Commercialization 3. Economics 4. Risk

3. Answer: There are many forms of technology protection. Enterprises that own technology generally use technology patents. Proprietary technology, trademarks, copyrights and trade secrets are five ways to maintain property rights in technology. The essence of applying for patent protection is that the patent applicant fully discloses its invention to the public in exchange for monopoly rights over the invention for a certain period of time. Beyond the period stipulated by law, the patented technology enters the public domain. Trade secrets are monopolized new technologies by keeping them secret within technology invention companies. Trademark rights can maintain the product credibility and influence of trademark users in the long term.

4. Answer: In order to achieve the service level that users are satisfied with at the lowest logistics cost, logistics activities are planned, organized, coordinated and controlled. It can be seen from this definition that logistics management is a dynamic process. Logistics management must not only reduce overall costs, but also ensure customer requirements for logistics service quality. Because there are conflicts between logistics elements, such as multi-batch delivery, it can reduce the customer's storage pressure, but it will increase the company's transportation costs. Logistics management requires reasonable planning, organization, coordination and control, etc. Properly organize the combination of various elements to achieve the overall optimum.

5. Answer: Logistics cost refers to the monetary expression of various living labor and materialized labor consumed in the process of items being transferred (or stationary) in space. It is a combination of human, financial and material resources spent on goods in various logistics operations. Enterprise logistics costs are composed of the following parts: labor costs, operation consumption, item consumption, interest expenses, and management expenses. In order to carry out effective logistics cost management, the following work should be done: 1. Do a good job in forecasting and planning logistics costs 2. Strengthen logistics cost calculations 3. Take appropriate measures to control logistics costs 4. Conduct scientific logistics cost analysis 5. Timely Feedback logistics cost information to the decision-making department 6. Make logistics cost decisions

6. Answer: Corporate culture specifically includes the following: the company's hardware facilities, the company's visual image, the company's rules and regulations, and the mental outlook of employees , the enterprise's business development philosophy, the enterprise's values, the enterprise's social reputation, etc.

7. Answer: CIS is the corporate image recognition system. Specifically, it refers to the company's business philosophy, cultural quality, business policies, product development, commodity circulation and other factors that influence the business operation. From the perspective of information, we make selections from the perspectives of culture, image, and broadcast, find out the potential of the enterprise, find out its existence value, and integrate it to transform it into an effective logo in the information society environment.

8. Answer: The impact of corporate culture on enterprises should be understood from the following five aspects: 1. Corporate culture is the driving force for corporate development and growth 2. Corporate culture and corporate strategy 3. The impact of corporate culture on corporate operating performance Impact 4. Corporate culture is a booster of corporate competitiveness 5. The role of corporate culture in corporate management

2. Case analysis

1. Effective motivation methods adopted by computer companies Create a very good working environment for employees, make them comfortable and happy to work, use economic factors to motivate employees, employees own the company's stocks, stimulate employees' enthusiasm for the company's hard work, and require each employee to develop a specific understanding of the company , learn and master various work plans within the company, and the training and further education they expect to receive, so that employees have strong emotions and sense of responsibility for the company.

2. Compared with XXX Company, the incentive method adopted by my company is very different. The difference is that the boss of our company is not as considerate as the above-mentioned companies in creating a suitable working environment, but the boss often communicates with the employees, which makes the employees trust the boss very much. Through daily communication, the employees and the boss have a deep relationship and are happy to work. There is discussion and discussion, and work enthusiasm is also improved.

Special discussion on (industrial and commercial enterprise management) management

The importance of corporate strategy is mainly reflected in the following aspects

1: Corporate strategy can ensure that the company has a plan achieve its strategic goals.

Two: Corporate strategy makes corporate business decision-making scientific, institutionalized and systematic.

Three: Corporate strategy can effectively utilize resources to achieve system optimization goals.

Four: Corporate strategy can enhance the market competitiveness of an enterprise

To sum up, corporate strategy plays a very important role in corporate management. A wise, courageous and To obtain corporate leadership, you must pay attention to corporate strategic issues. You cannot regard the formulation of corporate strategic planning as a "big and useless", "dispensable" or "unrealistic" utopia or fantasy. You should quickly shift your main energy from within the company. Externally, the question of "how to do" has been transformed into the question of "what to do". Therefore, the formulation of an enterprise's strategic plan must be based on realizing and exceeding reality, but it must also control the scope within the planning period. This practical feasibility is the criterion that enterprises must accurately grasp when formulating strategic planning. Strategic decisions based on reality without losing the advanced nature are the best choices for enterprises. Only in this way can enterprises remain invincible in market competition.

(Industrial and Commercial Enterprise Management) Study Group Activities

The role of incentives is mainly reflected in the following four aspects:

(1) Incentives are important to mobilize the enthusiasm of employees means. Incentives can strengthen an individual's motivation, thereby strengthening their behavior, maintaining and continuously improving work efficiency. Through the operation of the incentive mechanism, on the one hand, employees can give full play to their skills and talents and turn negative into positive, thus maintaining the effectiveness and efficiency of work. On the other hand, it can further stimulate employees' creativity and innovative spirit, thereby greatly improving work performance

(2) Incentives are a powerful lever to improve employee quality. There are two main ways to improve employee quality: one is education and training, and the other is motivation. Through rewards, people can be motivated, enterprising, study hard, and continuously improve.

(3) Incentives are an effective way to form a good corporate culture. A good corporate culture is an effective way to form a good corporate culture. A good foundation for corporate survival and development, and good corporate culture education cannot be separated from the strengthening of positive and negative aspects. The alternate use of rewards and punishments can effectively promote the formation of group values ????such as the pursuit of good service.

(4) Incentives are helpful in attracting and retaining employees. For the survival and development of an enterprise and the realization of its goals, the role of employees is very important, especially high-quality and efficient employees, who are the backbone of enterprise development. It is very important to attract and retain high-quality talents to buy Geely. effective means.