The main animal buildings of Beijing Zoo are:
Liger Mountain: Built in 1956, it is one of the landmark buildings of Beijing Zoo. In an era when cameras were a high-end consumer product in China, many people took souvenir photos at the zoo with the Liger Mountain as the background. The buildings of Liger Mountain are decorated into a unique mountain structure. Entering the building to visit is like entering a mysterious cave. The passage connecting the outdoor activity field and the indoor animal building is also designed in the form of a cave. This design not only has good It has a good visual effect and can prevent the cold winter wind from blowing directly into the exhibition hall. A variety of big cats including African lions, white lions, Bengal white tigers, and Siberian tigers are raised in the Liger Mountain. In the past, keepers would release live chickens into cages during holidays to train the wild animals.
In 2009, a bronze sculpture of a tiger was erected on the north side of Liger Mountain. It took two years to create, named "Tiger", by the master of sculpture art Mr. Yuan Xikun. The tiger is 19.48 meters long, 9.18 meters high and weighs 30 tons. This is also the first large animal sculpture in Beijing Zoo.
Bear Mountain: Located in the northeast corner of the zoo, the original site was a rice field. Construction of Bear Mountain started in 1952, covering an area of ??4,275 square meters. It was originally composed of two sunken open-air pavilions, Black Bear and White Bear. White Bear Mountain is located on the east side. , there are rockeries and pools inside. Black Bear Mountain is located on the west side and is divided into two parts, north and south. The south side has a larger site with rockeries and pools, and there are brown bears inside. The site on the north side is smaller, with only one pool and a black bear inside. Due to the construction of a viaduct in 2007, Black Bear Mountain was demolished and the white bears are no longer on display to the public. The original White Bear Mountain is still open to the public and houses brown bears and black bears.
White Bear Pavilion: Built at the original location of Black Bear Mountain, it was completed and opened at the end of September 2012. It covers an area of ??about 8,000 square meters and has a construction area of ??about 4,000 square meters. It is divided into four parts: a tourist landscape viewing gallery and an indoor visiting exhibition hall; an indoor animal exhibition hall and an outdoor display sports ground; an animal stable and feeding operation area; ancillary toilets and a multi-functional visiting exhibition hall. area.
In the center of the 480-square-meter indoor exhibition hall, there is a circular protrusion with an area of ??about two square meters. This is an ice machine that provides polar bears with a real resting place on the ice. On the wall facing the glass wall, there is a background screen 12 meters long and 4 meters high. The park uses projection equipment suspended above the exhibition hall to show popular science films on Arctic glaciers, northern lights and animals on the screen.
The indoor exhibition hall and the two outdoor exhibition sports fields each have a pool for polar bears to play. The total water storage capacity of the three pools is 500 cubic meters. In order to ensure water quality and save water, Beijing Zoo has set up three sets of water treatment systems to purify tap water and recycle it, costing about 800,000 yuan.
The completion and opening of the White Bear Hall marks the completion of the reconstruction of all three animal halls that were built to make way for the Zhanxi Road project in 2006. ?
Monkey Mountain: It is the oldest existing building in the zoo and the only existing building built before 1949.
Monkey Mountain is located in the east of the park, covering an area of ??about 1,000 square meters. It is a sunken structure. In the center of the venue, rocks are piled up to form two rockeries, with ladders, tires and other recreational facilities suspended between them. The outer oval-shaped wall is 3.1 meters high and the distance from the rockery to the wall is 5.9 meters. On the north wall, there is a space where the monkeys can take shelter from the wind and rain in bad weather. In 1986 and 1993, monkey mountain was repaired and renovated twice, the rocks were reinforced, and the water supply and drainage were connected. Because from time to time, naughty and strong adult monkeys will use the power of rocks to jump out of the monkey mountain, for this reason, a low-voltage power grid is set up along the wall, and according to the monkeys' different reactions to colors, the power grid is painted in red and white. to alert the monkeys.
In October 2006, due to the construction of the Zoo Road Viaduct, the outer walls and visiting platform of Monkey Mountain were demolished, leaving only the original mountain body. But the top of the mountain was still flattened, and its height was inevitably affected. At this time, some monkeys were moved to temporary buildings outside the west side of the Amphibian and Reptile House.
In September 2009, the old Monkey Mountain was renovated.
Due to factors such as terrain and surrounding environment, it is impossible to restore the original appearance. The original mountain is surrounded by glass curtain walls and its area has also been reduced. It will be completed and opened in October.
Nocturnal Animal Museum: Officially opened in November 1988. It is located about 50 meters northeast of the main entrance of the zoo. The museum is a rectangular building with an east-west length and a north-south width. The east side is the entrance and the south, north and west are animal exhibition rooms. There are also outdoor sports fields on the north and south sides. This museum mainly displays small omnivorous animals that are nocturnal and nocturnal. There are 22 exhibition rooms in the museum, which use artificially controlled lighting. It is illuminated with red light from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. every day to simulate the night environment, so that the activities of nocturnal animals at night can be presented to the majority of visitors.
Feline Museum: The original medium-sized beast area is located on the north side of Xiong Mountain. It was built in 1984 and has a construction area of ??1,277 square meters. It exhibits medium-sized beasts such as Korean leopards, snow leopards, clouded leopards, black panthers, and lynxes. It was demolished in 2007 due to the construction of a viaduct. Later, the feline zoo was rebuilt. The construction area of ??the new feline museum is about 3,200 square meters, including 800 square meters of animal exhibition hall, 600 square meters of sports ground, 1,000 square meters of visitor hall, and 300 square meters of animal breeding barns.
The renovated Feline Museum is divided into four exhibition areas: tropical rain forest area, temperate forest area, savanna area and alpine animal area. In addition, an animal science popularization area of ??about 500 square meters has been set up. museum. This design breaks the convention and overturns the traditional single-story bungalow-style animal house design idea, and proposes a design concept that combines a partial two-story three-dimensional space animal house with a visitor path. The exhibition area is equipped with independent animal houses, animal sports grounds and indoor exhibition halls. The exhibition halls are connected by indoor and outdoor visitor passages. In the setting of the visiting route, animal displays, popular science displays and tourist interactions are combined and presented in front of tourists in sequence. This not only greatly improves tourists' interest in visiting, but also increases the diversity of visiting forms.
The newly built feline pavilion has raised the floor of the animal house, and the animal house has also been replaced with glass curtain walls from wire mesh. The top of the tropical animal exhibition area adopts a spherical grid design; in order to increase the lighting of the new hall, light-transmitting windows are added on the top floor; the interior decoration of the exhibition hall is mainly based on tropical rainforest vine structures, with simulated trees, rocks, murals and sculptures integrated into one, and LED energy-saving Lights, artificial fiber optics and bionic sound effects are combined. In order to facilitate the disabled people to visit, a disabled-friendly elevator has been installed.
In terms of the layout of the building, according to the living habits and raising methods of various cats, there are eight animal houses and sports grounds on the first floor, which mainly raise ocelots, caracals, lynxes, jaguars, Cougars and black panthers; there are four animal houses and sports fields on the second floor, mainly raising South Chinese leopards and Korean leopards. Each animal house has a corresponding outdoor sports field. Three separate treatment barns and outdoor sports grounds that are not open to tourists have been set up as rest and breeding barns for animals. There is a separate open-air exhibition area for cheetahs on the south side of the venue.
Pheasant Garden and Nursery: The Pheasant Garden of Beijing Zoo was built in November 1983. It was originally planned to be completed in 1974, but due to financial constraints at the time, completion was delayed. The architectural style is different from the past. It is an open animal house group, divided into two groups of buildings in the east and west courtyards. The east courtyard group is connected to the west courtyard group by animal houses and winding corridors. The entire animal house group consists of a window-style exhibition house and an animal house with an activity field. There is a group of 7 window-style exhibition houses in the east courtyard, located on the south side of the courtyard; there are also 20 animal houses with outdoor playgrounds and operating corridors in the animal houses. There are two sets of window-style exhibition houses in the west courtyard, a group of 7 rooms on the east side and a group of 6 rooms on the west side, as well as 16 animal houses with outdoor playgrounds. When it was opened to the public in January 1984, rare animals such as blue luan, great crested pheasant, brown-tailed pheasant, green-tailed pheasant, and bald guinea fowl were on display. The condor, which has been kept and exhibited at the Beijing Zoo for half a century, was exhibited here during its lifetime.
In 2000, the east courtyard of the Pheasant Garden was converted into a nursery. The cubs that have been cared for at the same time include the chimpanzee "Yaya", the Sichuan golden monkey "Beibei", as well as African lions, black panthers, Korean leopards, guanacos and takin. The oldest among them is 1 year and 4 months old, and the youngest has only been in this world for 15 days.
In 2008, the western part of the Pheasant Garden was connected to the Giant Panda Pavilion to form an exhibition area for rare animals in China.
While watching giant pandas, you can see crested ibises, golden monkeys, golden pheasants and other rare animals unique to China.
Panda Pavilion: It was built in 1990 as a gift project for the 11th Asian Games. It has a unique shape and was once selected as one of the "Top Ten Buildings in Beijing" and "Beijing's Quality Building" that year. However, in fact, the Panda Pavilion The construction quality of the pavilion is very average. After ten years of use, it has begun to have leakage problems. The Panda Pavilion covers a total area of ??10,000 square meters, with a construction area of ??1,452 square meters. The main building is in the shape of a coiled bamboo joint. There are 11 semicircular arches distributed along the direction of the bamboo joints, symbolizing the 11th Asian Games. Southeast On the side is the entrance to the museum, and on the northwest side is the exit leading to the outdoor activity field. There are three public exhibition rooms indoors. 12 large fiberglass balls are suspended from the top of the visiting hall to adjust the indoor acoustics. Functional blocks Including isolation rooms, treatment rooms, feed rooms, fresh bamboo storage rooms, delivery rooms, feed production rooms, TV monitoring rooms, etc. are all located in the semi-underground. The pandas' outdoor activity area is naturally undulating, equipped with wooden perches and recreational facilities. The greenery around the panda house is mainly bamboo, and the trail leading to the panda house is decorated with black and white cobblestones.
The Olympic Panda Pavilion was built in 2008 and temporarily exhibited eight giant pandas from the Wolong Panda Reserve in Sichuan. The original panda pavilion was now renamed the Asian Games Panda Pavilion and opened at the same time.
Golden Monkey House: It is adjacent to the Orangutan House in the west and the Blackwater Ocean in the east. It has an elegant environment and flat and open terrain in the north and south. It covers an area of ??1,000 square meters, with a construction area of ??500 square meters and an outdoor sports field area of ??320 square meters. The Golden Monkey House has a feeding circulation as its main axis, with animal houses and service buildings on both sides. The animal house is hidden in the rockery. Two semi-circular mesh cages are staggered to form an outdoor activity field for animals. The rocks and perches in the field are for golden monkeys to climb up and down. This not only meets the needs of feeding and management, but also facilitates visitors to watch, forming the Beijing Zoo. A unique tourist attraction in the west.
Amphibian and Reptile Hall: Located in the southwest of the zoo, next to the Changchun Hall, it was built in 1979 with a construction area of ??4,345 square meters. It was once one of the best facilities in the Beijing Zoo. The two climbing halls are divided into upper and lower floors (the current underground floor is temporarily closed for exhibitions due to reconstruction). It is designed with functional blocks such as exhibition halls, visiting corridors, rooms, operating corridors, and feed feeding rooms. There are 90 exhibition rooms of different sizes in the museum. For the rest, the exhibition room area varies greatly depending on the animals on display. The exhibition hall used for raising and displaying alligators has the largest area, 179 square meters; the exhibition hall for displaying snakes has an area of ??less than 1 square meter. On the left side of the foyer, reptiles such as crocodiles, turtles, and turtles are displayed. The largest crocodile exhibition room is located here. On the right side of the foyer, amphibians are displayed downstairs and snakes are displayed upstairs. In the center of the right exhibition hall is a room for raising and displaying reticulated pythons. The python exhibition hall runs through the upper and lower floors and is 12 meters long, 6.4 meters wide and 11 meters high. In the center of the hall, a fake tree is cast in concrete for the pythons to climb. There are air conditioning systems and humidity control systems in the hall. This was in the 1970s. China is very advanced.
There are three outdoor activity venues on the west side of the two reptile pavilions, which are connected to the crocodile exhibition room in the pavilion. The activity venues are decorated with animal sculptures such as crocodiles and frogs, highlighting the theme of the amphibious reptile pavilion. The side exterior faces the lake, and the pavilions built along the water are connected to the main building by a corridor and a suspended ladder. The two climbing pavilions have lively architectural forms and complete functions. They were one of the most important and successful buildings in the Beijing Zoo in the 1970s and 1980s.
The new gorilla museum: built in 1987. The museum covers an area of ??8,000 square meters; the construction area is 1,430 square meters; the outdoor sports field area is 3,600 square meters; the total project cost is 4.2 million yuan. Chimpanzees are raised and exhibited, and four gorillas, "Niall", "Ako", "Renia" and "Yoshiro", have been raised and exhibited.
The building area has nearly doubled compared to the old museum. The exhibition building has rocks and perches for orangutans’ daily activities. The background is painted with murals of orangutans’ wild life. The exhibition window glass is made of large-sized 34 mm thick. Composite glass ensures hammer safety. The outdoor sports ground has rocks, pools and other sports facilities and fences. The exhibition room and the outdoor sports ground have corridors as passages. The cage gates are hand-operated mechanical doors. There is no direct contact between humans and orangutans, ensuring the safety of the keepers.
The museum also has isolation rooms, treatment rooms, breeding rooms, nursery rooms and feed processing rooms, etc. The breeding operation corridor has been widened and the feeding and management conditions have been improved.
The outdoor sports ground is planted with tall trees and clumps of shrubs, as well as rockery rocks and fake dead tree trunks, which well reproduces the wild environment and is conducive to animals playing and having fun, and the exhibition effect is also very good. .
Giraffe Hall: Completed in August 1957. The museum is located south of the Changhe River in the zoo and is the tallest building in the west of the zoo. The museum is a single-story spire building with a brick-concrete structure, with a European style, and the highest point is 8.9 meters.
The central visiting hall has a span of 5 meters and a length of 20 meters. The animal house of the Giraffe Hall covers an area of ??more than 200 square meters and is divided into 7 rooms. The animals and tourists are close to each other and only separated by a net. The exhibition effect is excellent.
The five outdoor sports fields next to the animal houses have a total area of ??more than 3,000 square meters. The sports fields are separated by railings. Keepers can distribute animals in various sports fields according to different needs. The sports ground is surrounded by a 2.5-meter-wide visitor passage. To ensure safety, in addition to railings outside the net to separate visitors, there is also a 60-centimeter-high low wall built under the net, which greatly improves the safety factor.
In order to take care of the special physical characteristics of giraffes, both the building and the shelter of the museum are built tall and large, giving people an upright and upward feeling.
Luyuan: Located on the northwest side of the park, it covers an area of ??15,000 square meters. The building area of ??the animal house is 1,475 square meters, and the activity field area is 12,468 square meters. Construction started in December 1982 and was completed in August 1984. 36 deer species of 6 species moved in from the original grassland animal park.
The garden is divided into five exhibition areas A, B, C, D and E, which are built according to the living habits and geographical environment of different animals. There is a two-story workshop built in the central area of ??the park. From the upper floor, you can observe the conditions of the animals in the entire deer park. Some of the other four areas are connected into small courtyards, some are loosely connected, and all have workshops. Animal houses are mostly shed-style, used to protect animals from rain and snow. A few animals such as takin and musk oxen have animal houses. Outside the activity venue is a 0.8 to 1 meter cement wall with iron railings on top. Railings vary in density.
Children's Zoo: The original Children's Zoo is located on the south side of the Amphibian and Reptile House. The park learned from the advanced experience of foreign zoos and opened to the public on June 1, 1984. There are small animal exhibition houses with different shapes and bright colors in the park, including camels, sheep, goats, big-eared sheep, rabbits, dogs, cats, guinea pigs, macaques, ornamental birds, etc. It provides children with a place to feed animals with their own hands, touch animals up close, and cultivate love. When it was completed, Shen Rui, then vice chairman of the Beijing Women's Federation, cut the ribbon for it. It was renovated in 1988 and a pony was added for children to ride on. It was demolished for some reasons in August 1994. In 1996, a new building was built on the west side of the Giraffe Hall. In addition to retaining the small animal feeding area, small amusement facilities such as a bucket amusement park were also added.
New Antelope Pavilion: Completed in September 1997. The new Antelope Pavilion is adjacent to the Small Animal Care Club to the east and the Antelope Area to the west. The museum is a cement structure building with an east-west long appearance. The main building in the middle is composed of an indoor animal shed. There is a two-meter wide passage indoors from east to west, which provides good ventilation. The outdoor is a fenced animal sports ground in the north and south. The main indoor building is more than 6 meters high and there are 20 indoor animal barns. One of them is 24 square meters. There is a partition sliding door in the middle, which is divided into 12 square meters. Temporary isolation and string room use. The animal house is equipped with water and troughs for animals, as well as upper and lower water for animals to drink and eat. Each animal kennel also has heating equipment.
There are 12 sports fields in the fence, each ranging from 50 to 30 square meters. The iron fence of the sports ground is also equipped with a shade and rain shelter fence and some straw trellises.
Rhinoceros and Hippo Museum: Located on the north bank of the Changhe River, it was built from 1992 to 1994. It houses white rhinos, one-horned rhinos and hippos, and has a restaurant. The old Hippopotamus is located west of Waterfowl Lake.
Elephant Pavilion: Located on the north bank of the Yangtze River, it was built between 1996 and 1998. It exhibits Asian elephants in the east and African elephants in the west. There is an activity area outside the museum.
The old elephant house is located on the north side of Monkey Mountain. In the 1970s, it was famous for the exhibition of the Asian elephant "Midula" presented by Mrs. Bandaranaike, the President of Sri Lanka.