Jishishan county is a relatively young county. The full name of Jishishan Baoan Dongxiang Salar Autonomous County was approved by the State Council on June 1980. After more than 40 years of development, a Jishishan county has sprung up on a rocky beach in the wilderness. The county is located in the southwest border of Gansu Province, adjacent to Qinghai, more than 200 kilometers away from Lanzhou, Xining and other capital cities, lacking location advantages. Constrained by many factors such as history and nature, Jishishan County was once one of the 23 deep poverty counties in Gansu Province.
Jishishan county is a gathering place for ethnic minorities. According to the official introduction, there are 10 ethnic groups in Jishishan County, including Baoan, Dongxiang, Salar, Hui, Han, Tu and Tibetan, and ethnic minorities account for 64.9% of the county's total population. Among them, the population of Baoan nationality is 210.4 million, accounting for more than 95% of the total population of Baoan nationality in China, and it is the only settlement of Baoan nationality in China.
Characteristics of Baoan, Dongxiang and Salar Autonomous Counties in Jishishan
Civil structure bungalow is one of the main features of traditional houses of Baoan nationality. Some papers studying the traditional architectural settlements of Baoan nationality mentioned that earlier, the residents of Baoan nationality were connected by roofs, including flat roofs, high walls and thick walls, and houses were connected by walls. Once something happens, you can contact the whole village quickly without leaving the hospital, but on the roof. This is a historical testimony of the mutual assistance and unity of the Baoan people during the war.
An expert who studies Bao 'an folklore told Cheng Shu that before the 1990s, Bao 'an settlements were bungalows with civil structures. With the development of economy and the changes of the times, some Baoan people began to transform their houses into brick-wood structure, brick-concrete structure and concrete structure. When the earthquake happened, compared with the traditional civil structure houses, the concrete structure houses were less affected.
Jishishan county is not only a gathering area of Baoan nationality, but also left traces in history. According to the official introduction, Dayu once diverted the river to control water, and Luban also chiseled stones and built bridges here. It is also the hometown of "King of Painted Pottery" in China. Majiayao culture, Machang culture and Qijia culture are developed and have a long history. It is one of the important birthplaces of the Chinese nation.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Jishishan Baoan, Dongxiang and Salar Autonomous County