How to write the paper "What I Know About Textiles and Clothing"

(1) Proposal of the topic

1. Economic development has prompted people to pay more attention to The demand for clothing has changed from warm to aesthetic. At the same time, with my country's accession to the WTO, my country's textile and clothing industry has developed rapidly in recent years. In order to meet the needs of economic development, many garment companies have gradually developed from traditional small workshops that mainly processed imported materials into comprehensive enterprises integrating fabric research and development, product design, production and sales. In addition, with the advancement of science and technology and the increase in external contacts and cooperation, many new equipment, new processes, and new technologies are gradually being applied to the clothing design, production, and sales processes. The booming development of garment enterprises urgently calls for high-quality workers. Therefore, vocational education must face up to the changes in the demand for talents due to enterprise development, and explore multiple ways to improve the vocational skills of clothing major students to meet the requirements of enterprises.

2. Vocational school students generally have a poor cultural foundation and are generally tired of learning. It is difficult for them to become talents welcomed by enterprises through two years of school study. As a school, we must carefully study the current situation of students and the requirements of enterprises, and teach students in accordance with their aptitude. Therefore, the traditional teaching views and teaching concepts such as following the textbook, excessive pursuit of comprehensive majors, each discipline's own system, and emphasis on theoretical teaching will inevitably be impacted. We must focus on studying the characteristics of students and focusing on the cultivation of students' practical abilities. Efforts are made to improve students' operational skills through various approaches.

(2) Significance of the research on the topic

This topic arises from the actual practice of vocational education. It is an inevitable requirement for the connotation development of schools and an inherent need for vocational education to serve the regional economy. Its research The results are directly applied to education and teaching practice and have strong operability. The research on this topic will definitely promote the development of the clothing major, be conducive to the creation of brand majors, and win good social benefits for the development of the school.

2. Definition of related concepts

1. “Skills” refers to the ability to master and apply specialized technologies.

2. "Professional skills" refers to the abilities that must be possessed in order to engage in a certain professional occupation. It includes professional quality, operational skills, etc., and is inseparable from professional quality.

3. "Vocational Skills for Clothing Major Students" refers to the vocational abilities that students who can be professionally engaged in clothing design, production, sales and various management of clothing enterprises in the future should have.

3. Research content and objectives

1. Research on ways to improve the vocational skills level of clothing major students.

2. Improve the vocational skill level of clothing major students

4. Research process and methods

(1) Research process

This topic was investigated by Tongzhou City Education and Research Leaders in June 2001 The group approved the project. After the project was established, the research team carefully designed the research plan with the guidance and help of the school's teaching department. Afterwards, the research team decomposed the tasks of the entire study to ensure that the tasks were implemented by each person. All members carried out systematic research work according to division of labor and time arrangements. In September 2001, the school adjusted the positions of middle-level cadres in the school, and Comrade Li Peixi, the original project leader, was transferred from the Garment Technology Department. The research team immediately made it clear that Comrade Jiang Hanrong, director of the Garment Technology Department, would be the leader of the research team and would be specifically responsible for the research work on this topic. In August 2005, Comrade Jiang Hanrong was transferred from the Garment Technology Department, and then Comrade Gu Qiang, assistant to the principal and director of the Garment Technology Department, and Comrade Gao Fei, deputy director of the Garment Technology Department, were responsible for the later organization of the project. During the specific research process, we focused on three aspects of work.

1. Strengthened business training for members of the research team. In the early days of the project establishment, many comrades joined the project team with great aspirations for education and scientific research. However, they know little about the connotation and methods of educational scientific research, and they also know relatively little about the educational theories related to the topic, especially the supporting theories. These have become obstacles to advancing research.

In order to ensure the normal progress of the project research, we actively organize all members to collectively study relevant theories in the project group to help everyone improve their theoretical literacy. Comrade Jiang Hanrong, the leader of the research team, has participated in the Nantong City Education and Research Training Class. He is a major participant in the Nantong Municipal “Ninth Five-Year Plan” project establishment project of our school and has a certain understanding of teaching and research work. To this end, the comrade held many lectures for members of the research team based on his own work actual situation, especially providing guidance on teaching and scientific research methods. The relevant teaching and scientific research lectures organized by the school were all attended seriously, which effectively improved the professional level of the research team members.

2. Strengthened the overall control of the subject. Carrying out research on this topic is an inevitable requirement for the development of the clothing profession. It arises from reality and serves reality. To make the subject research truly serve education and teaching, overall control is very important. To this end, we have made efforts from two aspects. First, we have effectively strengthened the investigation and analysis of the current clothing industry market. We organized dedicated personnel to conduct multiple surveys at the company to understand the current corporate development trends, especially brand marketing strategies under the new situation, and then predict the future development trends and directions of the apparel industry. Understand the talent specifications required by garment enterprises from the investigation of the current situation of the enterprise, and conduct analysis based on the existing training objectives of the garment major to clarify the problems to be solved by this topic. Moreover, the investigation and analysis ran through the entire research process, improving the timeliness and pertinence of the research. Second, the coordination of subject research has been effectively strengthened. At the beginning of the project research, we decomposed the tasks of the project research and clarified the division of labor. However, the project research is a systematic project that requires the full cooperation of all parts and links, so there is no division of labor. During the research process, we paid attention to the coordination between subtopics and subtopics. Based on the progress of sub-topic research, we hold research group meetings from time to time to inform each other of their research progress, research results and research experiences, learn from each other, and jointly study methods for the next step of project advancement, which improves the efficiency of research. .

3. Strengthened reform pilots. Throughout the entire research process, we have always insisted on carrying out reform pilots, especially in the reform of teaching models and teaching methods. We have successively launched the "layered" teaching reform of cultural courses and the "project teaching" reform of professional courses. In particular, we have vigorously promoted the reform of "project teaching" and made useful attempts to effectively improve students' vocational skills. All professional teachers in the clothing major have participated in the practice, and only school-based teaching materials have been compiled to cooperate with the reform. We have written more than ten films. We fully demonstrated the reform results at the "project teaching" reform pilot report meeting organized by the school. The school organized a "project teaching" reform paper competition. All members of this research group wrote papers and all won awards.

(2) Research methods

In this research, we mainly used the following methods:

1. Survey research method

We have planned and step-by-step conducted a relatively extensive survey on the current production status of the enterprise, the development prospects of the enterprise, the employment status of graduates, and the use and demand of talents by employers. We have mastered a large amount of first-hand data and truly understood the society. The demand provides sufficient factual basis for the advancement of the entire subject.

2. Action research method

During the research process, we carried out extensive practice on how to improve students' vocational skill levels, conducting research, reform and piloting, and in action Find effective ways and methods to improve students' vocational skills and continuously improve education and teaching in practice.

3. Literature research method

During the operation, we used the Internet and journals to collect and organize a lot of educational and teaching theories related to this topic, and other experts have made achievements in this regard. The research results have been used for reference. These materials provide theoretical support for the subject research, effectively promote the development of the subject research, and improve the efficiency of the research.

5. Overview of research results

1. Theoretical results

Looking back calmly on the entire research process, we have answered many questions in practice on the one hand, and on the other hand Some new perspectives were also put forward. The members of the research team firmly grasped the laws of vocational education, aimed at the needs of enterprises, and actively discussed the connotation, standards, and organization of "project teaching" reform of vocational skills for clothing major students. We believe:

(1) In the talent training path, we should focus on cultivating compound talents

In our country, the clothing industry is a highly comprehensive industry. At the same time, the clothing subject is a marginal subject, involving knowledge in art, chemical engineering, textiles, visual communication, marketing, management, computers, etc. This requires practitioners to have a complex knowledge structure and strong comprehensive capabilities. . Traditional clothing teaching is a typical master-apprentice model; at that time, domestic clothing companies were engaged in simple processing of supplied materials, so the workers they recruited only needed to know how to sew, that is, sewing in the traditional sense. However, as my country joins the WTO, clothing companies have transitioned from the original processing of supplied materials to comprehensive enterprises with self-research and development, self-created brands, and self-respecting marketing. Garment companies are looking for talents who can engage in design and research and development, production management, planning and marketing, etc. Comprehensive clothing talents, and the training goal of the secondary vocational clothing major is for technical blue-collar workers on the front line of enterprise production, which requires the training of our clothing professionals to transform from traditional simple operations to compound and comprehensive talents. Therefore, students are required to In addition to basic drawing and sewing techniques, students also need to master knowledge in fabric science, art, design, computers, marketing management, textiles and other aspects during the school. At the same time, they also need to master the knowledge of industrial production process management and the knowledge of industrial production. Technical essentials for relevant key positions such as plate making and quality inspection.

(2) The setting of clothing courses should intersperse and penetrate each other

The traditional setting of clothing subjects is as follows: human figure drawing, clothing color design, clothing pattern, clothing Introduction, fashion design, fashion painting techniques, clothing materials, structural drawing, clothing technology, etc. The various disciplines are clearly classified into each other. For example, when teachers teach craftsmanship, due to deviations in the teaching progress or teaching content of subjects such as structure and materials, they often cannot proceed as planned. There is a phenomenon of fighting with each other; in addition, fashion design students may involve fabric design, home design, and clothing design when creating. At this time, because the course they take is fashion design, and each course is relatively isolated, students Unable to continue development in fabric design, home design, and apparel design, they have to turn to fashion design. If things go on like this, students' expertise in fabric design, home design, and apparel design will be virtually stifled. To this end, we fully consider the characteristics of project teaching in the setting of clothing courses, compile the main teaching content involved in the two semesters into projects, and arrange the project list according to the sequence of the semesters. We select the teaching materials and arrange them according to the implementation of the project. Comprehensive school-based teaching materials. For example: Regarding the project of style changes of women's shirt collars, we organized the material, structure, and process course content according to different style changes, and introduced new processes and new technologies used in the production line, thus achieving the goals of each discipline. Street connection and integration. When teachers teach students to learn a certain project, teachers from various subjects will actively cooperate according to the content requirements of the project-based comprehensive textbooks, so that students can learn more comprehensively and give full play to their strengths. It is precisely because of the mutual penetration of subjects that it expands students' learning thinking, maximizes students' potential, and fully unleashes the teamwork spirit among teachers.

Garment factory’s speech on sewing

The purpose of graduation thesis defense

The purpose of graduation thesis defense is for the organizer - the school, and the respondent - —Graduation thesis authors are different.

Simply put, the purpose of the school's graduation thesis defense is to further examine the thesis, that is, to further examine and verify the thesis author's understanding of the topics discussed in the thesis and his ability to demonstrate the topic on the spot; to further examine the graduation thesis author's mastery of professional knowledge. The depth and breadth of the thesis; review whether the graduation thesis is completed by the student independently, etc.

First, one of the purposes of colleges and universities organizing graduation thesis defenses is to further examine and verify the thesis author’s understanding of the thesis and his or her ability to demonstrate the topic on the spot. Generally speaking, the papers submitted by students can roughly reflect each student's understanding of the paper they wrote and their ability to demonstrate the topic. However, due to various reasons, some issues have not been fully elaborated. Some may be due to the overall structure and inconvenience to expand on. Some may be unable to be expanded due to space limitations. Some may be because the author believes that the issue is not important or does not think it is necessary to expand in detail. Explanatory; some are likely to be weak links that the author did not understand or could not explain clearly and deliberately avoided them; some may also be shortcomings that the author himself did not realize at all, etc. By asking and answering these questions, we can further understand the reasons why the author did not carry out in-depth analysis, so as to understand the students' understanding of the paper they wrote, the depth of understanding, and the ability to demonstrate the topic on the spot.

Second, further examining the depth and breadth of professional knowledge mastered by the thesis author is one of the two goals of organizing the thesis defense. Through the paper, it can also be seen that the depth and breadth of knowledge the students have mastered. However, the main purpose of writing a graduation thesis is not to test the depth and breadth of the students' knowledge, but to test the students' ability to comprehensively use the knowledge they have learned to analyze and solve problems independently, and to cultivate and exercise their ability to conduct scientific research. Some of the knowledge used by students in writing papers has been mastered and can be used comprehensively; some may be half-understood and has not been converted into their own knowledge; and some may be copied mechanically from other people's articles, and its basic meaning Haven't figured it out yet. At the defense meeting, the members of the defense team will point out the unclear, detailed, incomplete, inaccurate, and imperfect points in the paper and ask the author to answer on the spot, so as to check whether the author understands the issues discussed. Have a deep and broad knowledge base, creative insights and solid reasons.

Third, reviewing whether the graduation thesis was completed independently by the student, that is, testing the authenticity of the graduation thesis, is the third purpose of the graduation thesis defense. Writing a graduation thesis requires students to complete it independently under the guidance of teachers. However, it is not completed under the strict supervision of teachers like exams and examinations. Instead, it is completed over a longer period of time (usually one semester). It is inevitable that there will be A small number of unconscious students will be opportunistic and resort to various means to cheat. Especially open universities such as Radio and Television University and Hangzhou University have a wide range of students, a large number of students, a loose organization, and uneven quality. It is difficult to eliminate the emergence of unhealthy trends such as ghostwriting and plagiarism. Although the instructor must strictly control the situation, when one instructor has to instruct multiple students on different topics and papers of different scopes, it is difficult to avoid any omissions in terms of fraud. The defense group or defense committee consists of more than three teachers, and the ability to identify the authenticity of the thesis is stronger. Moreover, cheaters can be exposed through questions and defense at the defense meeting, thereby ensuring the quality of the graduation thesis.

For the respondent (thesis author), the purpose of the defense is to pass, graduate on time, and obtain a diploma. If students want to successfully pass the graduation thesis defense, they must understand the purpose of the above-mentioned school organizing the graduation thesis defense, and then make targeted preparations, continue to further deliberate and study the relevant issues in the thesis, and understand the basic points mentioned in the thesis. Make sure the material is accurate and thoroughly understand the relevant basic theories and the basic points of the article.

3. Grading method for graduation thesis scores

Each institution has different requirements. It can be combined from the instructor’s scores, review scores, and defense team scores.

1. Materials must be submitted at the thesis stage

Each institution has different requirements, such as: mission statement, proposal report, literature review, thesis, thesis portfolio, mid-term thesis checklist, report form, thesis grade book , instructor work manual, etc.

2 Defense Committee

1) The defense work is under the leadership of the college and presided over by the Defense Committee

2) The Defense Committee is mainly composed of It is composed of professional course teachers, and some basic course teachers or professional basic course teachers can be hired to participate. The responsibility of the defense committee is to preside over the defense work, unify the scoring standards and requirements, adjudicate on disputed results, and comprehensively guide the teachers, cross-evaluate the teachers, and the defense team Scores and comments determine the student’s final score. After the final score is reviewed by the dean in charge, the college will announce it to the students

3) The defense committee can set up a number of defense groups. The defense group usually consists of 3-5 The team leader should be a teacher with the title of associate professor or above

Requesting the sewing technology of knitted clothing

There is no fixed pattern for sewing technology. Each designer has a different guiding ideology. Generally speaking: (take the simplest crew-neck shirt as an example)

1. Determine the machine type to be used in each stitch (four-thread bag) Sewing machine, flat sewing machine, flat double needle...)

2. Determine the thread usage and needle code density of various sewing machines.

3. Determine the sewing process (and cooperate with each machine model)

Shoulder closing (four-thread overlock sewing machine, shoulder strip added)

Part 1 Collar (four-thread overlock sewing machine)

Upper sleeves, fit (four-thread overlock sewing machine)

Hold the cuffs, hold the hem (flat double needle)

Nailing the trademark (lock sewing machine)

Just write down the sewing process. (Be careful not to write in the wrong order)

4. Main material, auxiliary fabric width, unit consumption.

5. Quotas for various accessories (threads, buttons, labels...)

6. Sewing precautions (collar type, symmetry)

7. Ironing, inspection, folding, packaging and cartoning.

8. Cutting and layout diagram.

It’s basically the same, with many details omitted.

Hope that helps.

Sewing process of grain fleece coat

Grain fleece, also known as polar fleece, is a kind of imitation fur material, which has both the texture of fur and the warmth of fur. .

Sewing a grain velvet coat requires the use of a cutting machine and a sewing machine. The cutting machine is a fully automatic circular knife cutting machine. The grain velvet fabric is silky and can only be cut in a single layer. The fully automatic cutting machine is computer operated. , you can design clothing patterns on the computer, eliminating template costs. The fully automatic round knife cutting machine can cut 1,000-2,000 pieces a day without any problem.

When sewing polar fleece, pay attention to sewing it from the reverse side to match the lining. There are also double-sided fleece garments.

What are the sewing techniques for making trolley bags?

There are many processes that need to be paid attention to when making bags. The first thing to pay attention to is the sewing thread, and the zipper is in the sewing thread. When stitching, you must pay attention to the straightness and consistency, and the zipper head cannot be turned upside down on both sides. There is no hemming at the closing zipper, so it must be backstitched. Next is the stitch length. Generally, the stitch length on the thread surface is 7 to 8 stitches and 1 inch, and the hemming and hidden stitches are 6 to 7 stitches. The bottom stitch is clear, and no floating stitches or skipped stitches are allowed. The reverse stitch needs 3 to 4 stitches and the overlap is consistent and in place. , all car lines must be straight and smooth without being skewed, and special attention must be paid to the useful color lines to avoid stringing and breakage on the surface.

How to learn sewing and tailoring classes

First of all, you have to figure out what kind of job you will be doing after studying. If it is a clothing store, it is called clothing tailoring, which generally refers to clothing. If you want to tailor a single piece of clothing in a store, you can teach yourself and then work as an apprentice in a clothing store. If it is a paper pattern, it is for the standardization and mass production services of the enterprise. In addition to the front page, there are also operations such as grading. The requirements are higher and the drawing methods are also different. Moreover, it is generally very difficult for self-study to meet the requirements of enterprises. Because companies don’t need paper-like interns.

However, as a practical reference book, you can take a look at Gao Hong's "Clothing Structural Design and Application", 139 yuan. It is a more professional and practical reference book on clothing tools, which is cheaper than those that cost tens of yuan. A theoretical book is much more practical. Little knowledge: Fashion design includes creative design, structural design and process design. Clothing structural design is the core technical part of clothing design and is the bridge between creative design and process design. Garment structure design is also commonly known as garment pattern making or garment pattern, and in some places it is also called garment pattern making.

If you want to learn clothing design by yourself, I think you should learn tailoring first. You only need to understand some basic knowledge of clothing, know what parts a piece of clothing consists of and how to sew them together, and then you can Learn design so that the things you design can be practical, instead of designing clothes based on your imagination that are impossible to pattern and sew. But while you are learning tailoring, you can first learn fashion drawing. You can draw the clothing style you imagine in your mind, then print it out, cut it, sew it, and wear it on your body. In this way, you can design and tailor it.

For fashion painting, you can buy a book that teaches fashion painting and follow the above exercises. Anyone who formally studies fashion design must learn sketching, watercolor, gouache, etc. If you want to start from the basics of basics , then you should learn sketching first. In addition to learning how to draw fashion paintings, you can also buy some books about fashion design, books that talk about the history, color, structure, and design techniques of clothing. Don’t think it’s not important to understand the history of Chinese and foreign clothing. Most of the fashion styles that are popular nowadays are improved by taking clothing styles from the past or ancient times and adding some design elements.

You usually read more fashion magazines or fashion magazines. There are many illustrations and pictures of people wearing fashionable clothes. You can collect them. Look more and carefully to discover where other people’s design elements are. The more you read, the more you appreciate them. The more you learn, the more naturally you will have a feel for design. Regarding the basics of cutting, if you don’t know anything, then of course you should buy some books on the basics of cutting. Don’t learn the prototype cutting method at the beginning, because you are self-taught and no one will explain the key points to you, and you will have many questions that you don’t understand. , to lay the foundation, it is better to learn the traditional cutting method using formulas. After you are able to cut and have some concepts about clothing, you can then learn the prototype cutting method. See if you can find a set of prototype clothing teaching materials from the Ministry of Culture of Japan. The content of this set of teaching materials is very good and comprehensive. There are more than a dozen books, including design, cutting and production methods. If you study this set of teaching materials carefully, you should be very good.

Clothing sewing technology: How to solve the problem of skipped stitches in fabrics

Different fabrics should be treated differently when skipped stitches occur during sewing, and there are also different processing techniques: 1. Sewing How to deal with stitch skipping in extra-thick parts of down fabrics

Down fabrics are sewn with vacuum cotton and down to form an extra-thick layer of 0.7-1.1cm, where the needle and suture are In this state, it is difficult to form a good thread loop, resulting in skipped stitches. According to the situation of this extra thick layer, the feeding problem should be solved first and the feed dog should be replaced with a thick material feed dog.

The needle hole of the needle plate should be larger, and the feed cam should be adjusted accordingly. The adjustment standard is: the teeth are at the highest point, and the tip of the needle should be in the needle hole of the needle plate: the height of the needle bar should also be adjusted significantly. When the height is at the bottom dead center of the needle bar, go down to the third line of the needle bar scale and then go down 0.1cm. In this way, the principle of increasing the needle bar stroke is used to complete the thread hooking: the needle and thread hooking time also change. Adjust the angle when the needle bar rises from the bottom dead center to the first line of the scale. The angle adjustment value is consistent with the above; increase the pressure of the presser foot: due to the thick material, the needle is prone to friction and heat, which may also make the thread loop difficult to If necessary, it needs to be solved by adding silicone oil at the line crossing.

2. How to deal with stitch skipping caused by two layers of fabric when sewing silk before sand washing

Before sand washing the silk fabric, the fabric It is very astringent and hard during sewing. In this way, the needle and suture cannot produce good thread loops in the sewing material, resulting in skipped stitches. Check whether the needle bar is worn and has gaps: Check whether the tip of the hook is in good condition and standard, because the tip of the hook is a key component for hooking the thread. There must be no burrs, bald tips and other defects. If found, use a diamond file or whetstone gold in time. Grind with sandpaper to meet the standard, and then adjust the angle; check the needle bar height. The needle bar height standard is: when the needle bar is at the bottom dead center, the needle bar scale line should be on the second line. In this way, when the needle bar rises to the first thread, the angle between the needle and the tip of the hook is optimally adjusted. When adjusting the angle, you should first pay attention: if there is a slight gap in the needle bar, use your left hand to push the needle bar slightly to the left before adjusting. The standard for adjusting the angle between the needle and the hook is: when the needle bar rises from the bottom dead center to the first scale line, the tip of the hook should be 1.1-1.5cm above the needle hole, and there is a lateral gap between the tip of the hook and the needle. It is 0.02-0.05cm; the cloth feeding mechanism is also key. First check whether the cloth feeding cam is marked "good". Because thin materials are sewn, the teeth should be lower and the cloth feeding cam should be adjusted appropriately.

3. When sewing denim, using thick thread will cause thread breakage, thread rolling, and skipped stitches

Denim is sewn with thick thread, making it difficult to form thread loops and causing The thick thread cannot come out of the thread loop from the hook positioning hook, causing thread breakage, thread rolling, and skipped stitches. In addition to using the above-mentioned thick-material type repair method, there is a difference in this. Because thick threads are mainly used, the hook positioning hook must be processed and ground during maintenance so that the thick thread can come out of the positioning hook easily. . And it is best to choose a rotary hook that does not wear too much.

4. When sewing sand-washed silk, stitches skip when sewing high and low layers

The sand-washed silk fabric is soft, so the machine needle and suture pass through the sewing material. It will be difficult to form a thread loop at this time, but if the fabric and the bottom edge overlap at high and low points, it will cause gaps under the presser foot at the high and low points, and the thread loop cannot be formed normally, resulting in skipped stitches. At this time, check whether there is any gap in the needle bar; check whether there are thorns or bald tips on the hook tip; check the height of the needle bar. Because it has high and low layers, it can be classified as medium-thick material type. When repairing, you should think calmly before making appropriate adjustments to the height of the needle bar. According to this type of situation, adjust the needle bar height from the needle bar to the third line of the bottom dead center scale as a benchmark. The specific adjustment method is: The adjustment angle should be adjusted when the third line of the scale rises to the first line: Check whether the needle hole of the needle plate is standard: If the presser foot is used with a medium-speed sewing machine, the back of the presser foot should be rubbed off. , when the cloth is fed, the presser foot and the upper and lower layers of sewing materials come down smoothly to press the sewing materials.

5. When sewing leather, poor fabric feeding will cause skipped stitches

When sewing leather, the fabric will be stiff and lead to poor feeding, so skipped stitches will occur. You can repair it according to the above method for extra thick materials, but there are differences in solving the feeding problem. You can use a nylon presser foot to solve the problem of poor feeding, or you can apply silicone oil to the leather sewing area.

How to arrange the garment sewing production process