Chinese civilization, ancient Babylonian civilization, ancient Egyptian civilization and ancient Indian civilization are the four major ancient civilizations. They all created their own writing four thousand years ago. Among them, the writing of the ancient Babylonian civilization was based on Su The Meer characters are represented. The Sumerians used small sticks to press cuneiform characters onto wet clay tablets, dried them and then preserved them. The ancient Egyptians used small sticks and other things to draw hieroglyphs on the sand table, and then transcribed them on sheepskin or cloth, because the writing on the sand table could not be preserved. The possible reason for this was that at that time Before the invention of the pen, one could only use thin wooden sticks or the like dipped in ink to trace bit by bit, and it was impossible to write quickly. The surviving parchment scroll "Bible" may be the method that the ancient Israelites learned from the ancient Egyptians. The ancient Egyptians later invented papyrus and quill pens, eventually completing the perfect writing system in ancient Western society. The earliest ancient Indian writing is seal writing. So far, no evidence has been found whether the ancient Indians wrote the seal writing into written documents. Maybe the seal writing did not have the function of recording events and words. Later, Indians wrote on large leaves and wrote texts, such as Buddhist scriptures. The Bayeux Sutra.
A writing system appeared during the Indus Valley Civilization, but it failed to be passed down and disappeared with the demise of civilization. Regarding the origin of writing, there is a story in Indian mythology: After the creator god Brahma created everything in the world, he felt that in addition to using sounds to communicate with each other, in order to avoid forgetting, there should also be a symbol to record what has happened. So he created words based on the shapes of all things. Although this story is not credible, if you look carefully at the Indian characters, they are quite similar!
In the 1920s, people found many stone tools and pottery preserved in the places where ancient Indians lived. , ivory and other objects. After research, it is determined that these symbols are phonetic symbols and some ideographic symbols, which can be regarded as ancient Indian writing. Their age is about 2500 BC. However, the "Heavenly Books" unearthed in the ancient Indian cities of Harappa, Mohenjo Daro and Lothal surprised archaeologists even more. These "Heavenly Books" are the words on the unearthed seals. More than 2,500 seals have been discovered in India, generally 2.5 cm long square, made of stone, clay, ivory, etc. The text strokes on the seal mainly include straight lines and curves, and the direction is from right to left.
On some stone seals excavated at Mohenjodaro, animal patterns and some vague and strange patterns were found. Some people speculate that this is the prototype of Indian writing, but experts are difficult to give a clear conclusion. Answer. However, compared to the unearthed tombs, ruins, and broken walls, the outlines on the seal all convey accurate information to people!
The graphics on the seal are mainly the image of cattle and other shapes. graphics. Because cows played an important role in the life of ancient Indians, perhaps it is because of their worship of cows that the shadow of cows can be seen on so many seals. Of course, people in the Indus Valley also worship gods, so elephants, sheep, mountains and other natural scenery can also be seen on seals. People with high status and prominence also engraved their unique logo on the seal, so that the seal could be used at any time.
The engraved graphics and text symbols of ancient Indian seals contain profound ancient Indian civilization and convey ancient and profound stories to the world. Experts are working hard to explore the paradise of ancient India! Hrozny believes that the text on the seal belongs to the Indo-European language family, but since the 1970s, many new research results have shown that it may be the language of indigenous Indians. Ravidic language. Through research, British archaeologist Marshall concluded in September 1924 that he believed that ancient Indian civilization was indigenous. In 1976, American scholar Fairserves synthesized the research results of various schools and believed that the seal writing system had developed to a certain level and belonged to ancient Dravidian language. However, there is still a lack of convincing conclusions. What language family does the seal writing belong to? What impact did it have on civilizations outside the Indus Valley? These questions have become an important part of the mystery of ancient Indian civilization.
Seals are the crystallization of ancient Indian civilization. Only by constantly discovering and deciphering the mysteries on seals can we hope to clear up the fog.