Valuable beef cattle can cost thousands of dollars. Many people think that beef cattle belong to Japan. Of course, the Japanese side also said that only "cattle raised and grown in Japan can be called beef cattle". However, with the improvement of the quality of Australian beef cattle, Australian beef cattle are increasingly recognized.

As a matter of fact, since 21, the import of Japanese beef has been banned in China, so the so-called "and cattle" seen in China are basically Australian and cattle.

so, how did Japan and cattle come from?

Before the Meiji Restoration, Japanese people seldom ate beef. At that time, productivity was underdeveloped. In order to protect farming, Emperor Tianwu of Japan issued a "meat prohibition order" in 675 AD, that is, animals such as cattle, horses, dogs, apes and chickens were fasted from April to September every year; Influenced by the introduction of Buddhism and Japanese Shintoism at that time, they advocated vegetarianism and thought beef was unclean, and people with status disdained eating beef. Japan is close to the sea, and it is rich in all kinds of seafood resources. At that time, the diet also liked light and elegant diets such as fish, and the proportion of meat in Japanese recipes was extremely low.

At that time, there were few shops selling beef in Japan, and they were all the lowest shops. Only poor students and poor residents were frequent visitors there. Until 1854, American Perry's black ship knocked on the door of Japan, and the Meiji government began to promote meat as an important means to improve Japanese physique and civilization.

In p>1872, Emperor Meiji took the lead in carrying a chopstick of beef, and eating beef began to become a trend. At the same time, Mr. Fukuzawa Yukichi, the "father of modern Japanese education", is also the promoter of the "meat-eating movement". He has published two editorial articles in newspapers, The Theory of Meat and Must Eat Meat, advocating the benefits of eating meat.

Thanks to the vigorous promotion of these celebrities and dignitaries, eating beef immediately began to become a new social fashion, equating with "rich country Qiang Bing" and "civilized", and various beef restaurants sprang up like mushrooms after rain.

After the ban on meat was lifted, people's love for beef reached its peak. In 1879 alone, the Japanese ate more than 3, cows.

Cattle originally used for farming and transportation in Japan are not beef cattle. Although they have unique first frost characteristics, they are small in size and produce less meat, and the domestic cattle resources in Japan are gradually in short supply. Therefore, in order to increase beef production, the Japanese government began to encourage the introduction of foreign excellent cattle breeds to cross with domestic cattle, and finally got high-quality beef cattle with large physique, high meat production, short feeding cycle and obvious first frost. The expression "He Niu" was born at this time to distinguish it from foreign cattle breeds.

so, the so-called purebred and cattle are actually hybrids from the beginning.

However, the result of excessive hybridization is that the first frost gene of native cattle is gradually diluted, and the Japanese government took measures as soon as it found this sign. After systematically sorting out all kinds of cattle breeds, in the 195s, four breeds of black-haired cattle, brown-haired cattle, short-horned cattle and hornless cattle were finally established as harmony cattle, and these harmony cattle were strictly prohibited from crossing with foreign cattle breeds to ensure their pure pedigree.

Although these four kinds of cattle are the most famous, there are more than 15 brands of cattle registered in various parts of Japan.

Japanese and Cattle Grades

Regarding the grading of Japanese and Cattle, Japanese people who are extremely serious about food have formulated very strict and fine grading standards. Japan's beef grading system was formulated by Japan Meat Eating Association, and it was graded according to four indicators: muscle color, fat color, meat relaxation and fat hybridity. Each index is divided into 1-5 grades, and the final grade of beef is determined by the minimum value instead of the average value. Only when all four indexes of a harmony cow reach 5 can it be called A5 harmony cow.

"Fat heterozygosity" is a favorite index of Japanese people, so it is subdivided into 1-12 grades. The higher the grade, the more obvious the first frost characteristics are.

how did Japan and cattle spread to Australia?

For a long time, Japan almost banned the export of beef cattle, but in the 197s, Japan rarely exported beef cattle to the United States, so Australia had the opportunity to develop beef cattle.

At present, Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Canada and Scotland all have black hair and cattle animal husbandry industries, which are very close to those of Japan and cattle in terms of pedigree, but the quality available in the market is different due to different feeding methods and certification levels.

Australian pure blood and bovine lineage mainly come from some cattle breeds with the best genes in Japan and cattle --Tajima, Fujiyoshi and Kedaka, among which Tajima has a high proportion. After a long process of nearly half a century, Australian pure blood and cattle have been herded in the traditional Japanese way, and the produced cattle can be said to be completely 1% Japanese cattle.

Being raised in Australia's vast pasture, no one or other creatures disturb us, and our life is extremely comfortable. Therefore, Australia and Cattle can produce tender and juicy beef with mellow taste and even and rich marble lines, and its meat quality has won the high score of MARBLE SCORE 12, making it one of the top beef in the world.

Australian and Cattle Grades

Australian beef grading is to evaluate and grade the marbling according to the Marbling reference standard of Australian Meat Specification Administration; According to Australian national standards, beef oil flower grades are divided into MB~MB9 grades (M1/M11/M12, etc.), all of which are self-compiled by manufacturers, which are not official Australian standards. The higher the grade, the better the quality of oil flower.

unlike cattle, the amount of oil flower in every part is not the same, so the middle point, that is, the cross section between the naked eye and Xileng (between 11 and 12 ribs), is taken to judge the oil flower grade of the whole cow. That is to say, if the cross section of this position of a cow is judged as MB7, then all other parts of the cow are MB7.

according to the standards recognized by the two countries and cattle, A5 is basically recognized as the highest grade and cattle, while Australia's M9 grade and cattle are equivalent to Japan's A3 grade and cattle, while M12' s quality is equivalent to Japan's A5 grade and cattle. But as far as personal cooking is concerned, the M5-M9 grade beef is a very precious ingredient. The brand Xinxinda beef under Xiamen Jiuxin has a very delicate taste, and its thickness is especially suitable for cooking at home ~